Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
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This policy governs coverage decisions for autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) when used to treat advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer for members of Capital BlueCross products subject to this policy.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage Determination and Rationale
General coverage determination
Covered when ALL of the following are met
Conclusion based on randomized trials and observational data showing no demonstrated benefit in survival or net health outcomes compared with conventional chemotherapy.
The procedure codes listed in the coding section (including, but not limited to, 38204, 38205, 38206, 38207, 38208, 38209, 38210, 38211, 38212, 38213, 38214, 38215, 38230, 38232, 38240, 38241, S2140, and S2142) are designated as investigational / not covered when used to treat epithelial ovarian cancer.
An administrative update on 11/20/2024 removed an NCCN statement from the policy. The policy record notes that coding was reviewed and no specific additional exclusions are listed in the available document extracts.
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (autologous or allogeneic) is not supported as medically necessary for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer because randomized trial evidence has not demonstrated improved survival or other net health benefits compared with conventional chemotherapy. Overall evidence is insufficient to conclude that HCT improves health outcomes for this indication.
Policy history entries from multiple consensus reviews consistently state "No changes to the policy statements" (e.g., reviews dated 02/27/2020, 02/03/2021, 02/15/2023, and others), indicating the existing investigational / not‑medically‑necessary stance for HCT in epithelial ovarian cancer has been repeatedly reaffirmed.
Relevant Procedure and Billing Codes
| 38204 | Bone marrow transplantation; hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC), autologous |
| 38205 | Harvest of hematopoietic progenitor cells; e.g., peripheral blood stem cell collection |
| 38206 | Apheresis for collection of hematopoietic progenitor cells |
| 38207 | Processing of hematopoietic progenitor cells for transplantation |
| 38208 | Cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cells |
| 38209 | Storage of hematopoietic progenitor cells |
| 38210 | Bone marrow or progenitor cell infusion |
| 38211 | Donor cell procurement; bone marrow |
| 38212 | Donor cell procurement; peripheral blood |
| 38213 | Transplantation procedures (grouped entry from policy) |
| affected codes | Coding reviewed; no specific CPT/HCPCS/ICD codes listed in these chunks |
Provider Requirements and Impact
Prior authorization required; investigational HCT codes identified
Prior authorization is required for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) services per payer product variations and the policy coding section; the policy identifies specific HCT procedure codes as investigational for epithelial ovarian cancer and these codes should be included when requesting authorization.
Obtain authorization per payer product requirements
Obtain prior authorization per Capital BlueCross procedures before performing transplant services; administrative and coding review notes indicate authorization is required for applicable products.
- Policy applicability varies by product and program; follow member benefit information and Capital BlueCross authorization processes.
Document prior use of standard cytoreductive surgery and platinum–taxane chemotherapy
Standard-of-care management for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is cytoreductive surgery plus platinum- and taxane-based systemic chemotherapy; these established therapies are the accepted treatments prior to considering experimental approaches such as HCT.
- Preferred systemic regimen noted: paclitaxel plus a platinum analogue (e.g., cisplatin).
- Cytoreductive surgery with chemotherapy is current management for advanced disease.
Include investigational procedure codes in authorization and clinical rationale
Include the specific procedure codes from the policy’s investigational coding list in authorization requests and clinical documentation to support review; the coding section explicitly identifies which HCT codes are investigational for epithelial ovarian cancer.
- Use the investigational code list when submitting requests (see codes listed in policy).
- Coding lists may not be all-inclusive and are subject to change; include clinical rationale with codes.
Follow current policy statement and coding guidance (policy history reviewed)
Follow the current policy statements and coding guidance when requesting authorization; policy history and administrative updates show the statements and coding were reviewed and should be followed as of the latest consensus review.
- Policy history entries note multiple consensus reviews with 'No changes to policy statement' and coding reviewed.
- Administrative update 11/20/2024 removed an NCCN statement; rely on the current policy text and coding guidance.
Denial risk: HCT requests for epithelial ovarian cancer are investigational and will be denied
Requests for autologous or allogeneic HCT to treat advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer will be denied as investigational because the evidence does not demonstrate improved health outcomes.
- Policy statement: autologous and allogeneic HCT are considered investigational for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.
- Randomized trials have not demonstrated a benefit from HCT in this population compared with conventional therapy.
Reference: CMS NCD for Stem Cell Transplantation (110.23)
Refer to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services National Coverage Determination (NCD) for Stem Cell Transplantation (110.23) as a cited reference that may inform coverage and coding decisions for transplant indications.
- CMS NCD cited: National Coverage Determination (110.23, formerly 110.8.1).
- Use CMS NCD and cited guidelines for additional coverage context when preparing requests.
Clinical Background and Scope
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a procedure in which hematopoietic stem cells are collected and infused to restore bone marrow function after high‑dose chemotherapy with or without total body irradiation. HCT may be performed as autologous HCT (patient’s own harvested cells reinfused) or allogeneic HCT (stem cells obtained from a donor); however, while established for certain hematologic malignancies, HCT remains largely experimental for adult solid tumors such as epithelial ovarian cancer.
Key Terms
Pre-Transplant Evaluation and Recipient Assessment
Refer to NCCN HCT recipient evaluation and GVHD guidance
Refer to NCCN Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation guideline content for pre‑transplant recipient evaluation and graft‑versus‑host disease management when HCT is being considered for other indications; the policy cites the NCCN HCT Pre‑Transplant Recipient Evaluation guideline.
- NCCN guideline cited: Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT): Pre‑Transplant Recipient Evaluation and Management of Graft‑Versus‑Host Disease, Version 2.2025.
Consult NCCN pre‑transplant recipient evaluation guidance
The policy cites the NCCN Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation guideline (Pre‑Transplant Recipient Evaluation), which contains recommended evaluation elements; consult that guideline for specific pre‑transplant evaluation steps.
- See NCCN HCT guideline (Version 2.2025) for recommended evaluation elements.
Transplant Center and Program Standards
Confirm product‑specific applicability before submitting requests
Policy applicability varies by product and program; confirm whether this policy applies to the member's specific Capital BlueCross product (for example, FEP PPO directs providers to the FEP medical policy manual).
- FEP PPO: refer to the FEP medical policy manual at fepblue.org for benefit-specific guidance.
Consider transplant center standards and national coverage guidance
NCCN and the CMS NCD are cited in the policy and suggest that transplant center standards and national coverage policies are relevant to decision-making; providers should ensure center practices align with applicable national guidance when applicable.
- Policy references include NCCN HCT guidelines and the CMS NCD for Stem Cell Transplantation.
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