Summary & Overview
HCPCS S2140: Cord Blood Harvesting for Allogeneic Transplantation
HCPCS Level II code S2140 represents cord blood harvesting performed for allogeneic transplantation. This procedure is a key step in preparing donor-derived umbilical cord blood for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, supporting treatments for hematologic malignancies, immunodeficiencies, and other marrow failure conditions. Nationally, proper coding of cord blood collection affects coverage determinations, transplant center billing workflows, and resource allocation for specialized collection services.
Key payers covered in this analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find an overview of clinical context, typical sites of service, and the role of S2140 in transplant care pathways. The publication summarizes payer coverage patterns, common modifier usage, and billing considerations where available. It also outlines benchmarks and policy updates relevant to transplant centers and billing professionals.
This summary equips clinicians, coding professionals, and policy stakeholders with a concise reference to the clinical purpose and billing context of S2140, clarifying where this code fits in transplant service lines and what to expect from major payers at a national level. Data not available in the input for associated taxonomies, ICD-10 diagnoses, and related codes.
Billing Code Overview
HCPCS Level II code S2140 describes cord blood harvesting for transplantation, allogeneic. The service involves collection and processing of umbilical cord blood intended for use in an allogeneic stem cell or hematopoietic cell transplant.
Service type: Cord blood collection and processing for allogeneic transplantation
Typical site of service: Hospital operating room, birthing center, or designated collection facility associated with transplant services
Data not available in the input for associated taxonomies, ICD-10 diagnoses, and related codes.
Clinical & Coding Specifications
Clinical Context
A full-term pregnant woman with a planned allogeneic cord blood donation presents to a labor and delivery unit or designated cord blood collection center. After delivery of the neonate and immediate routine newborn care, trained obstetric or cord-banking personnel perform sterile cord blood harvesting from the umbilical vein using closed-system collection kits for allogeneic transplantation. Collected cord blood is labeled, processed, tested, cryopreserved, and transported to a cord blood bank. Typical sites of service include hospital labor and delivery units, birthing centers, and accredited cord blood collection facilities. The workflow involves donor screening and consent during prenatal care, documentation of maternal infectious disease testing results, coordination with the cord blood bank, collection at delivery, chain-of-custody documentation, and shipment for processing and storage. Clinical indications relate to donation for allogeneic use, often for public or directed donation to treat hematologic malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes, metabolic disorders, or for future sibling-directed transplantation.
Coding Specifications
| Modifier | Description | When to Use |
|---|---|---|
00 | Standard primary service | Rarely used; indicates the primary unmodified service when no other modifier applies |
50 | Bilateral procedure | If bilateral designation applicable (not typical for cord blood harvest but available in modifier list) |
51 | Multiple procedures | When cord blood harvest is billed with other unrelated procedures during the same encounter |
52 | Reduced services | Use when collection is partially reduced or curtailed compared with usual practice |
53 | Discontinued procedure | When collection is attempted but discontinued for documented medical reasons |
59 | Distinct procedural service | When documenting a separate, distinct procedure on the same day (e.g., separate obstetric procedures) |
62 | Two surgeons | If two qualified providers share responsibility for the collection in an unusual staffing scenario |
76 | Repeat procedure by same physician | If a repeat collection attempt is performed by the same provider during the same episode of care |
77 | Repeat procedure by another physician | If a repeat collection is performed by a different provider |
91 | Repeat laboratory test | For repeat infectious disease or other testing related to the collected specimen |
99 | Multiple modifiers beyond usual set | For reporting an uncommon administrative modifier when required by payor policy |
AS | Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for ASCs | When advanced practice clinicians perform or assist with collection in ambulatory settings |
GC | Service performed in part by a resident | When portions of the collection workflow are performed by a resident and teaching physician documentation requirements met |
QX | CRNA service with qualified anesthesiologist absence | If anesthesia services are required and a CRNA provides services without an anesthesiologist onsite |
| Taxonomy Code | Specialty | Notes |
|---|---|---|
208D00000X | Obstetrics & Gynecology | Obstetricians oversee delivery and coordinate cord blood collection |
208000000X | General Practice/Family Medicine | Family physicians who deliver may perform or arrange collection |
207P00000X | Pediatric Medicine | Neonatologists or pediatricians involved in immediate newborn care and specimen handling |
207L00000X | Pathology & Laboratory | Laboratory medicine specialists involved in testing, processing, and banking coordination |
3336C0002X | Transplant Immunologist | Clinicians coordinating allogeneic graft suitability and donor screening |
Related Diagnoses
| ICD-10 Code | Description | Clinical Relevance |
|---|---|---|
Z52.0 | Donor of organ or tissue from live person | Indicates maternal donor status when donating cord blood for allogeneic transplantation |
Z31.01 | Encounter for other procreative management; counseling and testing for genetic disease | May apply when directed donation for a sibling with known genetic disease is planned |
Z34.90 | Encounter for supervision of normal pregnancy, unspecified, unspecified trimester | Common maternal encounter code during which consent and collection planning occur |
O80 | Encounter for full-term uncomplicated delivery | Typical delivery scenario where cord blood collection occurs |
D61.9 | Aplastic anemia, unspecified | Example recipient diagnosis that may indicate need for allogeneic cord blood transplants (clinical relevance for banked units) |
C91.00 | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia not having achieved remission | Example recipient diagnosis commonly treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using allogeneic cord blood |
E75.22 | Krabbe disease | Example metabolic disorder for which cord blood transplantation may be indicated in selected cases |
Related CPT Codes
| CPT Code | Description | Relationship to This Procedure |
|---|---|---|
36415 | Collection of venous blood by venipuncture | Pre-collection maternal blood draw for infectious disease testing and crossmatching |
88104 | Cytologic examination; specialized; cervix or other (example) | Laboratory cytology codes are not directly related to cord collection; Data not available in the input. |
86999 | Unlisted immunology procedure | Use for specialized HLA or immune-assay testing not otherwise specified related to donor compatibility |
88172 | Flow cytometry, cell surface, DNA analysis (example) | Used for immune phenotype or CD34+ cell enumeration during processing |
89250 | Cryopreservation; embryo (not exact) | Cryopreservation procedures for cord blood units are typically billed to the bank; analogous cryostorage procedures may be reported under facility-specific codes |