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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesInfections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmissionICD-10-CM a51-early-syphilis
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    ICD-10-CM Code For Early Syphilis: Group Overview

    The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) code group A51 includes diagnoses for early syphilis, covering primary, secondary, and early latent stages with their typical mucocutaneous and systemic manifestations. These ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes are used to document clinical encounters for initial presentations, symptomatic disease, and early latent infection, capturing disease stage and relevant clinical features. Accurate coding within the ICD-10-CM A51 group supports proper claim adjudication and complete clinical documentation and appropriate reimbursement.

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    ICD-10-CM A51: Early Syphilis Overview

    The diagnoses in this group represent early stages of syphilis infection, including primary, secondary, and early latent manifestations that predominantly affect the skin, mucous membranes, and regional lymph nodes. They target infectious disease processes transmitted sexually and occasionally via other exposures. Accurate coding matters for surveillance, appropriate clinical documentation, and correct reimbursement for services related to testing and treatment.

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    When to Use

    Use codes from this group when documenting encounters for patients with newly diagnosed or clinically active early syphilis, including primary chancre, secondary mucocutaneous lesions, or early latent infection. Select the code that reflects the specific stage and clinical findings present at the time of the encounter.

    ICD-10-CM Codes

    15 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    A51.0Primary genital syphilis
    A51.1Primary anal syphilis
    A51.2Primary syphilis of other sites
    A51.31Condyloma latum
    A51.32Syphilitic alopecia
    A51.39Other secondary syphilis of skin
    A51.41Secondary syphilitic meningitis
    A51.42Secondary syphilitic female pelvic disease
    A51.43Secondary syphilitic oculopathy
    A51.44Secondary syphilitic nephritis
    A51.45Secondary syphilitic hepatitis
    A51.46Secondary syphilitic osteopathy
    A51.49Other secondary syphilitic conditions
    A51.5Early syphilis, latent
    A51.9Early syphilis, unspecified

    DRG Codes

    28 rows

    DRG CodeDescription
    023Craniotomy with Major Device Implant or Acute Complex CNS Principal Diagnosis with MCC or Antineoplastic Implant or Epilepsy with Neurostimulator
    024Craniotomy with Major Device Implant or Acute Complex CNS Principal Diagnosis without MCC
    097Non-Bacterial Infection of Nervous System Except Viral Meningitis with MCC
    098Non-Bacterial Infection of Nervous System Except Viral Meningitis with CC
    099Non-Bacterial Infection of Nervous System Except Viral Meningitis without CC/MCC
    124Other Disorders of the Eye with MCC or Thrombolytic Agent
    125Other Disorders of the Eye without MCC
    393Other Digestive System Diagnoses with MCC
    394Other Digestive System Diagnoses with CC
    395Other Digestive System Diagnoses without CC/MCC
    441Disorders of Liver Except Malignancy, Cirrhosis or Alcoholic Hepatitis with MCC
    442Disorders of Liver Except Malignancy, Cirrhosis or Alcoholic Hepatitis with CC
    443Disorders of Liver Except Malignancy, Cirrhosis or Alcoholic Hepatitis without CC/MCC
    539Osteomyelitis with MCC
    540Osteomyelitis with CC
    541Osteomyelitis without CC/MCC
    606Minor Skin Disorders with MCC
    607Minor Skin Disorders without MCC
    727Inflammation of the Male Reproductive System with MCC
    728Inflammation of the Male Reproductive System without MCC

    Showing 1–20 of 28

    Typical Clinical Scenarios

    • A 28-year-old sexually active man presents to the urgent care clinic with a painless ulcer on his penis that began 10 days ago; he reports recent unprotected sexual contact and has a reactive treponemal and non-treponemal test with high titer. This acute primary syphilis presentation prompts assignment of an early syphilis code to capture the stage and lesion. Typical codes: A51.0
    • A 34-year-old pregnant woman is seen at a prenatal visit with a maculopapular rash involving the trunk and palms for one week and a positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) suggesting secondary syphilis; treatment planning and fetal risk counseling follow. Because this is a symptomatic systemic presentation of early syphilis, a code reflecting secondary stage syphilis is assigned. Typical codes: A51.1, A51.2
    • A 22-year-old patient with known recent syphilis treated incompletely presents with persistent genital lesions and regional lymphadenopathy, and testing indicates reinfection or treatment failure; the clinician documents early recurrent symptomatic disease requiring retreatment. This scenario is coded as an early syphilis manifestation after prior exposure or inadequate therapy. Typical codes: A51.31, A51.32, A51.39

    Related Codes

    A50-CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Congenital Syphilis: Group Overview

    A52-LATE-SYPHILIS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Late Syphilis: Group Overview

    A53-OTHER-AND-UNSPECIFIED-SYPHILIS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Other And Unspecified Syphilis: Group Overview

    A54-GONOCOCCAL-INFECTION

    ICD-10-CM Code For Gonococcal Infection: Group Overview

    A55-CHLAMYDIAL-LYMPHOGRANULOMA-VENEREUM

    ICD-10-CM Code For Chlamydial Lymphogranuloma (Venereum): Group Overview

    A56-OTHER-SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-CHLAMYDIAL-DISEASES

    ICD-10-CM Code For Other Sexually Transmitted Chlamydial Diseases: Group Overview

    A57-CHANCROID

    ICD-10-CM Code For Chancroid: Group Overview

    A58-GRANULOMA-INGUINALE

    ICD-10-CM Code For Granuloma Inguinale: Group Overview

    A59-TRICHOMONIASIS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Trichomoniasis: Group Overview

    A60-ANOGENITAL-HERPESVIRAL-INFECTIONS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Anogenital Herpesviral Infections: Group Overview

    Showing 1–10 of 12

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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