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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesDiseases and Disorders of the Nervous SystemDRG 099-non-bacterial-infection-of-nervous-system-except-viral-meningitis-without-cc-mcc
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    Non-Bacterial Infection of Nervous System Except Viral Meningitis without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    DRG 099 encompasses non-bacterial infections of the nervous system except viral meningitis without Complication or Comorbidity or Major Complication or Comorbidity, and it defines a cohort of inpatient cases with relatively limited resource intensity. Understanding this Diagnosis-Related Group is important for inpatient reimbursement because it establishes the prospective payment grouping that affects hospital payment under Medicare.

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    DRG 099 Overview

    DRG 099 covers inpatient stays for non-bacterial infections of the nervous system other than viral meningitis when no Complication or Comorbidity or Major Complication or Comorbidity is present. Typical clinical presentations include aseptic meningitis, certain viral or inflammatory central nervous system infections, and related diagnostic workups and supportive care. This Diagnosis-Related Group matters for Medicare payment because it groups cases with similar resource use and determines the prospective payment rate for the hospital stay. Accurate coding and documentation of the infectious etiology and absence of Complication or Comorbidity or Major Complication or Comorbidity influence reimbursement classification.

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    Clinical Trials

    • Acute immunomodulatory intervention trials: studies testing timing, dosing, or routes of immunomodulatory therapies (e.g., corticosteroids, IVIG equivalents in general concept) in hospitalized patients with non-bacterial central nervous system infections such as aseptic meningitis, autoimmune meningoencephalitis, or other sterile inflammatory CNS syndromes. These trials enroll inpatients at presentation and focus on short-term neurological recovery, length of stay, need for ICU-level care, and complication rates; they address whether early targeted immunomodulation shortens hospitalization or prevents escalation of care. Results are directly relevant to providers deciding on inpatient management strategies and to payers because interventions that safely reduce ICU use or length of stay can affect reimbursement and resource allocation for this DRG.
    • Comparative effectiveness and diagnostic strategy studies: trials or pragmatic studies comparing diagnostic pathways (for example, rapid molecular/biomarker panels, CSF cytokine profiling, or imaging-first algorithms) versus standard stepwise testing in patients admitted with suspected non-bacterial CNS infection. The patient population includes adults and children admitted for acute aseptic meningitis or encephalitis where bacterial infection has been excluded; outcomes include diagnostic accuracy, time to targeted therapy (or de-escalation), hospital length of stay, and downstream testing utilization. These studies inform clinicians and payers about which diagnostic approaches most efficiently distinguish inflammatory or viral causes from other etiologies, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic use, length of stay, and costs associated with prolonged inpatient workups under this DRG.
    • Post-discharge outcomes and rehabilitation trials: longitudinal cohort studies or interventional studies evaluating recovery trajectories, cognitive and functional outcomes, and rehabilitation strategies among patients discharged after non-bacterial CNS infections (including autoimmune encephalitis and aseptic meningitis). These studies enroll patients after hospital discharge to assess rates of readmission, persistent neurologic deficits, return-to-work, and effectiveness of outpatient rehabilitation or follow-up care models in improving long-term outcomes. Findings guide care coordination, post-acute resource planning, and payer decisions about coverage for rehabilitation and outpatient services that can reduce readmissions and total cost of care for this DRG.

    Related Codes

    020-INTRACRANIAL-VASCULAR-PROCEDURES-WITH-PRINCIPAL-DIAGNOSIS-HEMORRHAGE-WITH-MCC

    Intracranial Vascular Procedures with Principal Diagnosis Hemorrhage with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    021-INTRACRANIAL-VASCULAR-PROCEDURES-WITH-PRINCIPAL-DIAGNOSIS-HEMORRHAGE-WITH-CC

    Intracranial Vascular Procedures with Principal Diagnosis Hemorrhage with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    022-INTRACRANIAL-VASCULAR-PROCEDURES-WITH-PRINCIPAL-DIAGNOSIS-HEMORRHAGE-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Intracranial Vascular Procedures with Principal Diagnosis Hemorrhage without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    023-CRANIOTOMY-WITH-MAJOR-DEVICE-IMPLANT-OR-ACUTE-COMPLEX-CNS-PRINCIPAL-DIAGNOSIS-WITH-MCC-OR-ANTINEOPLASTIC-IMPLANT-OR-EPILEPSY-WITH-NEUROSTIMULATOR

    Craniotomy with Major Device Implant or Complex CNS DRG 023: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    024-CRANIOTOMY-WITH-MAJOR-DEVICE-IMPLANT-OR-ACUTE-COMPLEX-CNS-PRINCIPAL-DIAGNOSIS-WITHOUT-MCC

    Craniotomy with Major Device Implant or Acute Complex CNS Principal Diagnosis without MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    025-CRANIOTOMY-AND-ENDOVASCULAR-INTRACRANIAL-PROCEDURES-WITH-MCC

    Craniotomy and Endovascular Intracranial Procedures with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    026-CRANIOTOMY-AND-ENDOVASCULAR-INTRACRANIAL-PROCEDURES-WITH-CC

    Craniotomy and Endovascular Intracranial Procedures with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    027-CRANIOTOMY-AND-ENDOVASCULAR-INTRACRANIAL-PROCEDURES-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Craniotomy and Endovascular Intracranial Procedures without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    028-SPINAL-PROCEDURES-WITH-MCC

    Spinal Procedures with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    029-SPINAL-PROCEDURES-WITH-CC-OR-SPINAL-NEUROSTIMULATORS

    Spinal Procedures with CC or Spinal Neurostimulators: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

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    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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