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Prenatal Screening (Nongenetic)
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Defines coverage, indications, and limitations for routine nongenetic prenatal screening tests for pregnant individuals, and provides related clinical background and guideline references for providers and payers.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage Criteria for Prenatal Nongenetic Screening
Routine prenatal screening (meets criteria)
Covered when the following routine prenatal screenings are performed for pregnant individuals:
Listed as meeting criteria in document
Additional covered indications
Additional covered situations:
Document specifies age- and risk-based third trimester re-screening
VA/DoD and document support FFN use between ~24 and 34 6/7 weeks when results may affect management
Listed among additional covered indications
Not medically necessary for routine use
Document explicitly states hCG testing does not meet criteria for uncomplicated pregnancies
Covered screening criteria
Covered when consistent with cited guideline recommendations and medical necessity:
CDC and VA/DoD recommend universal early pregnancy testing for these infections
CDC guidance recommends third-trimester repeat testing for high-risk individuals
Aligned with ADA and other guideline recommendations cited in the document
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone testing for individuals with a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy does not meet criteria and is considered not medically necessary when performed as routine prenatal screening in the absence of complications or specific clinical indications.
Routine screening for bacterial vaginosis (BV), Trichomonas vaginalis, and routine HSV‑2 serologic screening among asymptomatic pregnant individuals is not supported by the evidence and is not recommended as part of routine prenatal screening; symptomatic individuals should be evaluated and treated per clinical guidance.
Procedure and billing codes listed in this Medical Policy are provided as a general reference to indicate commonly used CPT/HCPCS codes relevant to prenatal nongenetic screening; these lists may not be exhaustive and providers should confirm correct and complete code selection when submitting claims or requesting authorization.
As noted elsewhere in this Policy, hCG testing in normal, uncomplicated pregnancies is explicitly listed as not meeting criteria and therefore is not covered when ordered solely for routine prenatal screening without clinical indication.
To reiterate, routine testing for BV, Trichomonas vaginalis, and routine serologic screening for HSV‑2 in asymptomatic pregnant individuals is not recommended as standard prenatal screening; testing should be targeted to symptomatic patients or those with specific risk factors.
Coding and Procedure Codes
| 80055 | Obstetric panel (includes specified CBC, HBsAg, rubella Ab, syphilis non-treponemal, RBC antibody screen, ABO and Rh typing); panel must include listed components |
| 80081 | Obstetric panel (includes HIV testing) with specified components including CBC, HBsAg, HIV Ag/Ab (87389), rubella Ab, syphilis non-treponemal, RBC antibody screen, ABO and Rh typing, and urinalysis components |
| 81001 | Urinalysis by dip stick or tablet reagent with automated microscopy |
| 81002 | Urinalysis by dip stick or tablet reagent; non-automated without microscopy |
| 81003 | Urinalysis by dip stick or tablet reagent; automated without microscopy |
| 81007 | Urinalysis; bacteriuria screen, except by culture or dipstick |
| 81015 | Urinalysis; microscopic only |
| 82677 | Estriol |
| 82731 | Fetal fibronectin, cervicovaginal secretions, semi-quantitative |
| 82947 | Glucose; quantitative, blood |
| 82950 | Glucose; post glucose dose (includes glucose) |
| 82951 | Glucose tolerance test (GTT), 3 specimens (includes glucose) |
| 82962 | Glucose, blood by glucose monitoring device(s) cleared by the FDA specifically for home use |
| 84702 | hCG; quantitative |
| 84703 | hCG; qualitative |
| 84704 | hCG; free beta chain |
| 85004 | Blood count; automated differential WBC count |
| 85007 | Blood count; blood smear, microscopic exam with manual differential WBC count |
| 85009 | Blood count; manual differential WBC count, buffy coat |
| 85014 | Hematocrit |
| 85018 | Hemoglobin |
| 85025 | CBC, automated and automated differential |
| 85027 | CBC, automated |
| 86480 | Tuberculosis test, cell mediated immunity antigen response measurement; gamma interferon |
| 86580 | Skin test; tuberculosis, intradermal |
| 86592 | Syphilis test, non-treponemal antibody; qualitative (e.g., VDRL, RPR, ART) |
| 86593 | Syphilis test, non-treponemal antibody; quantitative |
| 86631 | Antibody; Chlamydia |
| 86632 | Antibody; Chlamydia, IgM |
| 86704 | Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb); total |
| 86706 | Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) |
| 86762 | Antibody; rubella |
| 86780 | Antibody; Treponema pallidum |
| 87077 | Culture, bacterial; aerobic isolate, additional methods required for definitive identification, each isolate |
| 87081 | Culture, presumptive, pathogenic organisms, screening only |
| 87086 | Culture, bacterial; quantitative colony count, urine |
| 87088 | Culture, bacterial; with isolation and presumptive identification of each isolate, urine |
| 87110 | Culture, chlamydia, any source |
| 87270 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunofluorescent technique; Chlamydia trachomatis |
| 87320 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay; Chlamydia trachomatis |
| 87340 | Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) |
| 84704 | Gonadotropin, chorionic (hCG); free beta chain. |
| 85004 | Blood count; automated differential WBC count. |
| 85007 | Blood count; blood smear, microscopic examination with manual differential WBC count. |
| 85009 | Blood count; manual differential WBC count, buffy coat. |
| 85014 | Blood count; hematocrit (Hct). |
| 85018 | Blood count; hemoglobin (Hgb). |
| 85025 | Blood count; complete (CBC), automated (Hgb, Hct, RBC, WBC and platelet count). |
| 85027 | Blood count; complete (CBC), automated (Hgb, Hct, RBC, WBC and platelet count). |
| 85032 | Blood count; manual cell count (erythrocyte, leukocyte, or platelet) each. |
| 85041 | Blood count; red blood cell (RBC), automated. |
| 86632 | Antibody; Chlamydia, IgM. |
| 86704 | Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb); total. |
| 86706 | Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb). |
| 86762 | Antibody; rubella. |
| 86780 | Antibody; Treponema pallidum. |
| 86787 | Antibody; varicella-zoster. |
| 86803 | Hepatitis C antibody. |
| 86804 | Hepatitis C antibody; confirmatory test (e.g., immunoblot). |
| 86850 | Antibody screen, RBC, each serum technique. |
| 86900 | Blood typing, serologic; ABO. |
| 87270 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunofluorescent technique; Chlamydia trachomatis. |
| 87320 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay technique; Chlamydia trachomatis (EIA/ELISA/IMCA) qualitative or semiquantitative. |
| 87340 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay technique; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). |
| 87341 | Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay technique; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) neutralization. |
| 87491 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Chlamydia trachomatis, direct probe technique. |
| 87494 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Chlamydia trachomatis, amplified probe technique. |
| 87590 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, multiplex amplified probe technique. |
| 87591 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Neisseria gonorrhoeae, direct probe technique. |
| 87653 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Neisseria gonorrhoeae, amplified probe technique. |
| 87800 | Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Streptococcus, group B, amplified probe technique. |
Provider Actions, Authorization, and Documentation
Authorization and medical necessity
Services must meet authorization and medical necessity guidelines for the procedure, diagnosis, and the member's state of residence; coverage does not guarantee reimbursement.
- Ensure requested prenatal nongenetic screening is supported by documented medical necessity before submission.
Applicable procedure codes for authorization and claims
Reference the policy's listed CPT and HCPCS procedure codes when seeking authorization or submitting claims for prenatal nongenetic screening; use the codes applicable to the tests performed.
Verify code support for submitted services
When in doubt about whether a specific code is supported by this policy, refer to the full procedure code list in Section VII and the policy text; confirm correct code(s) on the claim to reflect the exact service provided.
- Procedure codes in the policy are a reference and may not be exhaustive — ensure correct code selection for the submitted laboratory or screening service.
Provider documentation responsibility
Providers are responsible for submission of accurate documentation of services performed and must code claims according to standard coding guidelines; failure to submit accurate documentation may result in denial or recoupment.
- Include documentation of indication, test performed, and the member's state of residence when submitting authorization requests and claims.
Document first-visit screening
Document screening tests performed at the first prenatal visit (offer and record tests such as HBsAg, syphilis, HIV, hepatitis C, CBC, ABO/Rh blood typing and antibody screen, rubella and varicella IgG, urinalysis and culture) to support coverage determinations.
- Record which first‑visit labs were offered and performed to support medical necessity for those services.
Procedure codes reference reminder
Procedure codes provided in Section VII are intended as a reference; before submitting laboratory claims ensure you select the correct code(s) that match the specific test or panel performed.
Coding and documentation compliance — denial risk
Claims may be denied or recouped if industry standard coding/billing guidelines or current reimbursement policies are not followed and accurate documentation is not submitted.
- Ensure coding aligns with the tests performed and documentation supports medical necessity to avoid denials or repayment requests.
Government policy precedence — check LCD/NCD/Medicaid
If a federal or state government coverage determination (for example, LCDs/NCDs or state Medicaid policy) conflicts with this policy for a given member, the government policy will be used to make the coverage determination.
- Check applicable Medicare/Medicaid LCDs or NCDs and state Medicaid guidance for members covered by those programs prior to relying solely on this policy.
Procedure codes are non-exhaustive — confirm code selection
Procedure codes appearing in Medical Policy documents are included only as a general reference tool and may not be all‑inclusive; confirm that submitted codes are supported by the documentation and policy.
- If a submitted code is not listed in the policy, provide documentation tying the billed code to the performed service and medical necessity.
Background and Rationale
Prenatal nongenetic screening is intended to assess maternal and fetal health in asymptomatic pregnant individuals to identify conditions that may affect the pregnancy. Routine laboratory screening commonly includes tests for anemia, blood type and antibodies (including Rh and antibody status), infectious diseases (for example, HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, chlamydia, and gonorrhea), Group B streptococcus screening, and glucose testing for preexisting diabetes or gestational diabetes. The goal of these screenings is early detection to guide prevention, counseling, and treatment when indicated.
Definitions and Abbreviations
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