Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Primary (Light‑Chain) Amyloidosis
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Defines coverage stance for autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to treat primary systemic (light-chain) amyloidosis for Capital BlueCross members; identifies applicability to certain products and cross-references other policies.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage Criteria for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Autologous HCT (medically necessary)
Covered when ALL of the following are met
Eligibility details and clinical selection criteria are described elsewhere in the policy (not present in this excerpt).
Allogeneic HCT (investigational)
Not recommended for general use based on current evidence.
Autologous transplantation - covered when medically necessary
Coverage stance by transplant type
Specific CPT codes associated with autologous coverage are enumerated in the coding section.
Allogeneic transplantation - investigational / not covered
Investigational exclusion
Procedure codes are listed as investigational in the coding section.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for primary systemic (light-chain) amyloidosis is designated as investigational. The policy states there is insufficient evidence to support a general conclusion that allogeneic HCT improves health outcomes for this indication, with available data limited to sparse reports and an observed association with high treatment-related mortality. Decisions for allogeneic HCT should be informed by this investigational status and the underlying evidence limitations.
Because allogeneic HCT is considered investigational for primary systemic amyloidosis, it is not covered under this policy for that indication. Procedure codes associated with allogeneic HCT are listed as investigational and may be denied when billed for treatment of primary systemic amyloidosis.
Coding and Diagnosis Codes
| E85.0 | Non-neuropathic heredofamilial amyloidosis |
| E85.1 | Neuropathic heredofamilial amyloidosis |
| E85.81 | Light chain (AL) amyloidosis |
| E85.82 | Wild-type transthyretin-related (ATTR) amyloidosis |
| E85.89 | Other amyloidosis |
Provider Requirements and Authorization
Prior authorization required for autologous HCT
Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation may be considered medically necessary for primary systemic (light-chain) amyloidosis and is subject to prior authorization consistent with product-specific benefit variations and medical necessity review.
- Obtain prior authorization before scheduling autologous HCT to ensure coverage under the member's specific product.
- Authorization will include medical necessity review per applicable benefit variations.
Authorization and code applicability
Autologous HCT is described as covered when medically necessary while allogeneic HCT is listed as investigational and not covered; obtain authorization and submit the applicable procedure codes for review under the member's benefit.
- Use autologous HCT CPT/procedure codes (e.g., 38213, 38206, 38214, 38207, 38215, 38208, 38232, 38209, 38212) when requesting authorization for covered autologous procedures.
- Do not expect coverage for allogeneic procedure codes (e.g., 38205, 38230, 38240, 38242, S2142, S2150) as these are investigational.
Typical pre-HCT treatment context
Clinical management commonly includes chemotherapy (eg, melphalan and prednisone, combination regimens, proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, and newer agents including daratumumab-based regimens); selection of HCT typically follows assessment of response to these therapies and eligibility.
- Document prior systemic therapy and response (eg, melphalan/prednisone, bortezomib, daratumumab combinations) in the authorization request.
- Show that HCT selection follows appropriate assessment of treatment response and transplant eligibility.
Confirm product and benefit applicability
Providers must confirm member benefit applicability and product-specific coverage rules when requesting authorization and submitting claims.
- Verify whether this Capital BlueCross policy applies to the member's program or product (benefit variations, FEP guidance).
- Contact Provider Services or Member Services for questions regarding applicability.
Benefit applicability and regulatory compliance
Document compliance with FDA regulations for human cells and tissues when applicable and note that the policy applies only to certain programs and products administered by Capital BlueCross.
- Ensure documentation reflects applicable regulatory considerations (21 CFR parts 1270 and 1271) for hematopoietic stem cells.
- Indicate the member's product/program to confirm policy applicability (eg, FEP instructions).
Coverage contingent on eligibility and medical necessity
Coverage and payment are contingent on the member's benefit program, eligibility on the date of service, and that the service is medically necessary and appropriate.
- Authorize and bill only after confirming member eligibility and any benefit limitations or exclusions that may apply.
- Final claim processing will follow the member's contract terms.
Allogeneic HCT investigational — likely denials
Requests for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary systemic amyloidosis are likely to be denied because the procedure is considered investigational due to insufficient evidence and high treatment-related mortality.
- Expect denial of authorization requests for allogeneic HCT for primary systemic amyloidosis.
- Provide alternative documentation only if part of a clinical trial or exceptional circumstance; standard coverage is not supported.
Allogeneic transplant investigational — claims handling
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to treat primary systemic amyloidosis is investigational and therefore not covered; claims submitted with investigational procedure codes may be denied.
Candidate Considerations for Transplant
Candidate considerations
Candidate selection considerations summarized in evidence:
Detailed eligibility criteria (eg, cardiac and renal function, performance status) are not enumerated in this excerpt.
Pretransplant Evaluation Requirements
Evaluation requirements — document pretransplant eligibility
Standard pretransplant evaluation and demonstration of medical eligibility are implied; include documentation of eligibility criteria and pretransplant assessment in the prior authorization request.
- Attach clinical evidence of eligibility (eg, organ function, performance status, prior therapy response) to support medical necessity for autologous HCT.
- Document that standard pretransplant evaluations were completed prior to authorization submission.
Contraindications
The policy excerpt does not enumerate specific contraindications. However, general transplant-related contraindications implied by the clinical evidence and high treatment-related mortality for allogeneic HCT include inability to tolerate conditioning regimens, significant organ dysfunction (for example advanced cardiac or hepatic involvement common in amyloidosis), and other factors that would make the risks of transplant exceed potential benefit. These clinical considerations should be applied when evaluating candidacy for any hematopoietic cell transplant.
Background on Primary (Light-Chain) Amyloidosis
Primary (light-chain, AL) systemic amyloidosis is a clonal plasma cell disorder in which misfolded immunoglobulin light chains deposit in the extracellular space of organs, most commonly the kidneys, heart, and liver, producing progressive organ dysfunction. Incidence is uncommon, estimated at about 9 to 14 cases per million person‑years, and typical onset is in middle to older adulthood. Treatment aims to rapidly suppress production of amyloidogenic light chains; autologous HCT can eradicate the pathogenic clone in eligible patients and has been associated with substantially improved response rates and long‑term survival, whereas evidence for allogeneic HCT is sparse and associated with high treatment‑related mortality.
Definitions
Post-Transplant Management and Coverage Considerations
Center and Program Requirements
Center requirements — verify facility eligibility
Center-specific credentialing or volume requirements are not specified in this partial policy; providers should confirm any network or program-specific facility requirements separately.
- If the member's benefit or product requires care at a credentialed center, document facility eligibility when requesting authorization.
- Cross-reference related policies (eg, cord blood policy) if applicable to the service setting.
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