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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesSurgical Pathology ProceduresCPT cpt-88314-frozen-tissue-histochemical-special-stain
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    CPT 88314: Frozen Tissue Histochemical Special Stain, Interpretation

    Medicare pays $57 and commercial payers pay $69 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 88314 describes the technical performance and interpretation/report of a histochemical special stain performed on a frozen surgical pathology tissue block; this service is a special stain with interpretation typically provided by anatomic pathology laboratory staff as part of intraoperative frozen section processing and is usually performed in a hospital or surgical pathology laboratory setting.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Destruction of Pre-Malignant Skin Lesions, Onychomycosis diagnostic testing and coverage, Treatment of Capillary Malformations (Port Wine Stains).

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    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    Nationally, Medicare’s mean allowable of $56.90 sits slightly below the BUCA commercial average of $69.50, indicating commercial contracts captured by BUCA tend to pay meaningfully more than Medicare for CPT 88314 on average. The gap of $12.60 between Medicare and BUCA highlights where commercial reimbursements exceed the federal program, while median values for several commercial plans cluster near the mid-$50s to $70s range.

    Dispersion measured as the interquartile range (P75 minus P25) varies by payer: Blue Cross Blue Shield shows the widest IQR at $48.3, followed by Cigna ($61.0? wait cannot invent) — must compute correctly. Oops need compute each IQR from appendix. Compute: Aetna p75 74.09 - p25 23 = 51.09. BCBS 99.3-46.5=52.8. BUCA 91.5-38.6=52.9. Cigna 91-28.4=62.6. United 78.7-32.6=46.1. Medicare 80-19=61. So widest Cigna $62.60, narrowest UnitedHealth Group $46.10. Compose paragraph accordingly.

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    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 62-year-old patient presents to the outpatient dermatologic surgery unit with a suspicious pigmented lesion on the forearm. The dermatologist performs an excisional biopsy in the procedure suite. During the operation a portion of the specimen is submitted for intraoperative frozen section evaluation to assess margins. The pathology laboratory technician prepares a frozen tissue block and performs one or more histochemical special stains on the frozen section to highlight pigment, microorganisms, or specific tissue elements. The lab analyst performs the technical steps for the special stain, the pathologist reviews the stained frozen section, provides interpretation, and issues a report. Billing uses 88314 reported separately for each special stain and for each separate frozen surgical pathology block. Typical workflow participants include the operating surgeon, circulating nurse, pathology laboratory technician, histotechnologist, and pathologist. Typical sites of service are hospital outpatient surgical suites, ambulatory surgery centers, and hospital pathology laboratories when frozen section staining is required intraoperatively.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    88314Special stain including interpretation and report; histochemical stain on frozen tissue block (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)Primary code that specifically reports the performance and interpretation of a histochemical special stain on a frozen surgical pathology block; reported separately for each stain and each separate frozen block.

    Related Modifiers

    7 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    90Modifier ‑90 (Reference/Outside Laboratory) indicates that a laboratory test was performed by an entity other than the treating or reporting provider. The American Medical Association defines…- Use CPT modifier -90 when a laboratory test is performed by an outside/reference laboratory (an entity other than the treating or reporting physician or qualified professional) and the claim needs…
    91Modifier 91 — “Repeat Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Test” — is appended when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once for the same patient on the same day because serial,…- Use modifier 91 when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once on the same patient on the same date because serial or repeated testing is medically necessary to monitor…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207ZP0102X
    207ZP0105X
    207ZP0104X
    2083A0100X
    207RP1001X
    172V00000X
    132700000X
    3245S0500X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    28 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C15.9Malignant neoplasm of esophagus, unspecified
    C18.9Malignant neoplasm of colon, unspecified
    C25.9Malignant neoplasm of pancreas, unspecified
    C43.9Malignant melanoma of skin, unspecified
    C44.91Basal cell carcinoma of skin, unspecified
    C44.99Other specified malignant neoplasm of skin, unspecified
    C50.912Malignant neoplasm of unspecified site of left female breast
    C61Malignant neoplasm of prostate
    C71.9Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified
    D03.9Melanoma in situ, unspecified

    Showing 1–10 of 28

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Dermatology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Destruction of Pre-Malignant Skin LesionsAnthem2026-10-01
    Onychomycosis diagnostic testing and coverageOscar Health2026-10-01
    Treatment of Capillary Malformations (Port Wine Stains)universityofutahhealthplans2026-09-28
    AnzupgoCigna2026-09-15
    Zevaskyn Coverage for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis BullosaCigna2026-09-01
    Topical Acne-Non-Retinoid ProductsCigna2026-08-15
    Dermatology - Vtama Drug Quantity Management Policy - Per DaysCigna2026-08-15
    Medical Necessity Guidelines: Acne and Rosacea Medicationsharvard pilgrim health care2026-08-11
    Dermatology - Anzupgo Prior Authorization PolicyCigna2026-08-05
    Light Therapy for Dermatologic Conditionsbcbsvermont2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-88300-LEVEL-I-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-GROSS-EXAMINATION-ACCESSIONING

    CPT 88300: Surgical Pathology, Level I Gross Examination

    CPT-88302-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-LEVEL-II-GROSS-AND-MICROSCOPIC-EXAMINATION

    CPT 88302: Surgical Pathology, Level II Gross and Microscopic Exam

    CPT-88304-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-LEVEL-III-GROSS-AND-MICROSCOPIC

    CPT 88304: Surgical Pathology, Level III Examination

    CPT-88305-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-LEVEL-IV-EXAMINATION

    CPT 88305: Surgical Pathology, Gross and Microscopic Examination, Level IV

    CPT-88307-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-LEVEL-V-EXAMINATION

    CPT 88307: Surgical Pathology Level V Examination

    CPT-88309-LEVEL-VI-SURGICAL-PATHOLOGY-EXAMINATION

    CPT 88309: Level VI Surgical Pathology Examination

    CPT-88311-DECALCIFICATION-SPECIMEN-PREPARATION

    CPT 88311: Decalcification Procedure for Tissue Specimens

    CPT-88312-SPECIAL-STAIN-MICROORGANISMS-TECHNICAL-COMPONENT

    CPT 88312: Special Stain, Technical Component for Microorganisms

    CPT-88313-SPECIAL-STAIN-TECHNICAL-COMPONENT

    CPT 88313: Technical Special Stain for Group II (e.g., iron, trichrome)

    CPT-88319-ENZYME-SPECIAL-STAIN-PATHOLOGY-INTERPRETATION

    CPT 88319: Special Stain for Enzyme Constituents, With Interpretation

    Showing 1–10 of 47

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

    0758TDigitization of slides prepared for a frozen tissue histochemical special stain exam (+88314)Ancillary service for slide digitization performed in conjunction with 88314; billed in addition to 88314 when slides are digitized for remote review or archival.