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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesExcision Procedures on the KidneyCPT cpt-50205-percutaneous-kidney-biopsy-sampling
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    CPT 50205: Kidney Needle Collection for Diagnostic Biopsy

    Medicare pays $720 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 50205 describes a percutaneous procedure in which a physician inserts a collection needle into the kidney to obtain a tissue or fluid sample for diagnostic biopsy; this is an image-guided or palpation-assisted kidney needle collection procedure performed as a diagnostic biopsy and is typically provided as an inpatient or outpatient interventional radiology/urology procedure in a hospital, ambulatory surgery center, or specialized procedural suite.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is an adult referred to interventional radiology or a urology team for a percutaneous renal mass sampling when imaging identifies a suspicious renal lesion. The patient often has a solitary renal mass discovered on ultrasound, CT, or MRI; indications include characterization of a solid renal mass, staging of suspected renal cell carcinoma, or evaluation of an atypical cystic lesion. Pre-procedure workflow includes review of imaging, assessment of anticoagulation status, informed consent, and coagulation testing. The procedure is performed with the patient positioned prone or in a decubitus position under conscious sedation or monitored anesthesia care. Under ultrasound or CT guidance, the physician advances a percutaneous needle into the renal cortex or mass, obtains core or aspiration samples, and submits specimens for pathology. Post-procedure monitoring includes vital signs, observation for hematuria or perinephric hematoma, and instructions on activity restriction and signs of complication. Typical site of service is an outpatient interventional radiology suite, ambulatory surgery center, or hospital-based procedure room. Service type: percutaneous diagnostic renal biopsy/needle aspiration.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    76942Ultrasound guidance for needle placement (e.g., biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization device)Often used concurrently to provide real-time ultrasound guidance for needle placement during the renal sampling.
    77012CT guidance for needle placement (diagnostic radiology)Used when CT guidance is required for accurate localization and needle placement into renal lesions.
    38220Bone marrow biopsy, needle or trocarExample of another percutaneous diagnostic core biopsy procedure; not for kidney but similar coding context when multiple biopsy types are performed.
    76937Ultrasound guidance for vascular access device placement, imaging supervision and interpretationMay be reported if ultrasound guidance is used for vascular access related to the procedure (e.g., central line for sedation).
    77022CT guidance for drainage/aspiration (radiology)Used when percutaneous drainage or aspiration is performed in conjunction with sampling of a renal cyst or fluid collection.

    Related Modifiers

    13 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Showing 1–10 of 13

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207P00000X
    208800000X
    2084P0800X
    261QP2300X
    364S00000X
    207QA0000X
    2471S1302X
    364SH1100X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-50200-PERCUTANEOUS-RENAL-ASPIRATION-DIAGNOSTIC-BIOPSY

    CPT 50200: Percutaneous Renal Needle Biopsy

    CPT-50220-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50220: Partial or Complete Nephrectomy, Kidney Removal

    CPT-50225-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50225: Nephrectomy (Kidney Removal)

    CPT-50230-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50230: Nephrectomy, Kidney Removal

    CPT-50234-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50234: Nephrectomy, Kidney Removal

    CPT-50236-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50236: Nephrectomy (Kidney Removal)

    CPT-50240-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-REMOVAL

    CPT 50240: Nephrectomy, Kidney Removal

    CPT-50250-KIDNEY-CRYOABLATION-CRYOSURGERY

    CPT 50250: Kidney Cryoablation/Cryosurgery

    CPT-50280-RENAL-CYST-EXCISION-OPEN-DEROOFING

    CPT 50280: Excision/Removal of Renal Surface Cyst(s)

    CPT-50290-EXCISION-KIDNEY-SURROUNDING-TISSUE-CYST

    CPT 50290: Excision of Perirenal Cyst

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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