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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesFluid washings, Hybridization and Sex Chromatin Identification ProceduresCPT cpt-88125-forensic-cytopathology-technical-service
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    CPT 88125: Cytopathology Specimen Analysis for Forensic Testing

    Medicare pays $19 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 88125 describes a technical cytopathology test in which a lab analyst performs the laboratory procedures to analyze a cytopathology specimen for forensic analysis; service type is laboratory/forensic cytology testing and the typical site of service is a clinical laboratory or forensic laboratory where the technical processing and microscopic evaluation are performed.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Automated Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosis of Hypertension in Patients with Elevated Office Blood Pressure, Cardiology - Ivabradine, Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA).

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A forensic laboratory receives a cytopathology specimen collected during a medicolegal investigation of a sexual assault. The specimen is labeled, documented chain-of-custody established, and referred to the forensic cytology laboratory. A laboratory analyst performs the technical processing and microscopic analysis of cellular material to identify epithelial cells, spermatozoa, inflammatory cells, or other forensic indicators. The workflow includes specimen accessioning, slide preparation (smears or cytospin), staining (e.g., Papanicolaou, H&E, or special stains), microscopic review for cellular morphology, documentation of findings, photography of key microscopic fields, and preparation of a technical report for the forensic pathologist or issuing agency. Results are routed to the supervising forensic cytopathologist for final interpretation and incorporated into the investigative record. Typical sites of service are hospital-based forensic laboratories, public health or medical examiner/coroner labs, and specialized forensic laboratory facilities. A typical patient scenario is a young adult presenting to an emergency department after an alleged sexual assault; forensic evidence collected by trained sexual assault nurse examiners is submitted to the forensic lab for cytopathologic analysis under chain-of-custody procedures.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    88112Cytopathology, cervical or vaginal (Pap) smear; automated thin layer preparation, manual screening and interpretationMay precede or accompany cytologic analysis when cervical or urogenital cytology is collected as part of a forensic exam; different specimen types and billing.
    88175Cytopathology, cell block preparation and interpretationOften performed when additional histologic evaluation of cell pellet material is required following initial cytologic preparation.
    88108Cytopathology, non-gynecologic, except fine needle, by smear; screening and interpretationUsed for non-gynecologic cytology specimens such as body fluids or wound swabs submitted for forensic analysis.
    88305Level IV surgical pathology, gross and microscopic examinationMay be used when subsequent surgical pathology or histologic sections are prepared from cell block or tissue fragments associated with the forensic specimen.
    99000Handling and/or conveyance of specimen for transfer from the physician to a labMay apply in logistical billing contexts for chain-of-custody specimen handling fees when separately billable.

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    90Modifier ‑90 (Reference/Outside Laboratory) indicates that a laboratory test was performed by an entity other than the treating or reporting provider. The American Medical Association defines…- Use CPT modifier -90 when a laboratory test is performed by an outside/reference laboratory (an entity other than the treating or reporting physician or qualified professional) and the claim needs…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RH0000X
    207RR0500X
    332B00000X
    367A00000X
    1744G0900X
    310400000X
    111NX0800X
    174V00000X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Cardiology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Automated Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosis of Hypertension in Patients with Elevated Office Blood PressureBluecross Idaho2026-11-01
    Cardiology - IvabradineCigna2026-10-15
    Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA)univerahealthcare2026-10-15
    Percutaneous Ventricular Assist DeviceUnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk AssessmentOscar Health2026-10-01
    Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart FailureOscar Health2026-10-01
    Multiple Procedure Payment Reduction for Diagnostic Cardiovascular ProceduresBlue Cross Blue Shield - Maine2026-10-01
    Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devicesexcellus_health_plan_inc2026-09-17
    Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devicesuniverahealthcare2026-09-17
    Cardiac Omnibus CodesCigna2026-09-15

    Related Codes

    CPT-88104-CYTOPATHOLOGY-SMEAR-PREP-AND-INTERPRETATION

    CPT 88104: Cytopathology Smear Preparation and Interpretation

    CPT-88106-NON-GYNECOLOGIC-CYTOPATHOLOGY-SMEAR-SIMPLE-FILTER

    CPT 88106: Cytopathology Smear of Non-Cervical Fluids

    CPT-88108-CYTOPATHOLOGY-FLUID-SMEAR-CONCENTRATION-TECHNIQUE

    CPT 88108: Cytopathology Concentration Smear Preparation and Interpretation

    CPT-88112-LIQUID-BASED-CYTOPATHOLOGY-SELECTIVE-CELLULAR-ENHANCEMENT

    CPT 88112: Selective Cellular Enhancement for Cytopathology

    CPT-88120-URINARY-TRACT-IN-SITU-HYBRIDIZATION-MORPHOMETRIC-ANALYSIS

    CPT 88120: In Situ Hybridization on Urinary Tract Specimen, 3–5 Probes

    CPT-88121-URINARY-TRACT-IN-SITU-HYBRIDIZATION-MORPHOMETRY

    CPT 88121: Urine In Situ Hybridization with 3–5 Probes

    CPT-88130-SEX-CHROMATIN-BARR-BODY-ANALYSIS

    CPT 88130: Sex Chromatin (Barr Body) Analysis

    CPT-88140-PERIPHERAL-BLOOD-SMEAR-SEX-CHROMATIN-IDENTIFICATION

    CPT 88140: Peripheral Blood Smear for Sex Chromatin Identification

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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