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    OpenPayerBilling CodesOther Procedures on the LiverCPT cpt-47384-irreversible-electroporation-liver-tumor-ablation-percutaneous
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    CPT 47384: Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation Ablation of Liver Tumor(s)

    Medicare pays $431 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 47384 describes percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of one or more liver tumors, a minimally invasive tumor destruction procedure in which a probe is inserted through the skin into the liver and delivers short, high-voltage electrical pulses that permanently disrupt tumor cell membranes without thermal or cryogenic injury; imaging guidance is included in the service and the typical site of service is an outpatient interventional radiology or surgical suite for image-guided percutaneous liver tumor ablation.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 68-year-old patient with a history of colorectal cancer presents with one to three discrete hepatic metastases identified on cross-sectional imaging. The multidisciplinary tumor board recommends percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation of the liver tumors because lesions are near major bile ducts or vascular structures where thermal ablation poses higher risk. The interventional radiology team performs the procedure in an outpatient interventional suite or hospital interventional radiology operating room under moderate sedation or general anesthesia. Under real-time imaging guidance (CT or ultrasound with CT fusion), the physician inserts one or more percutaneous probes into the targeted lesions and delivers short, high-voltage electrical pulses to induce tumor cell membrane permeabilization and cell death. Peri-procedural steps include pre-procedure imaging review, informed consent, sterile preparation, probe placement under imaging, pulse delivery, immediate post-ablation imaging to assess ablation zone and detect complications, and post-procedure recovery with discharge instructions and outpatient follow-up imaging to assess efficacy and detect recurrence. Typical site of service is an outpatient interventional radiology suite or hospital-based procedure room.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    49329Laparoscopy, surgical; ablation of one or more liver tumors, radiofrequency or microwave, when performed laparoscopicallyAlternative ablation approach when IRE is not used or when laparoscopy is chosen instead of percutaneous access
    77012CT guidance for needle placement (eg, biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization device), radiological supervision and interpretationOften billed for CT image guidance component if billed separately by radiology depending on payer bundling rules
    76942Ultrasonic guidance for needle placement (eg, biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization device), imaging supervision and interpretationUsed when ultrasound guidance is the imaging modality for probe placement
    99233Subsequent hospital care, typically 35 minutes per dayFor inpatient pre- or post-procedure daily critical decision-making follow-up by the physician
    43249Endoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with FNA of liver lesion — (note: example of advanced diagnostic procedure)Occasionally used in diagnostic workflows for sampling lesions prior to ablation when endoscopic access is required
    CPT not providedData not available in the input.Data not available in the input.

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207L00000X
    2084P0800X
    213E00000X
    207SG0203X
    2080S0012X
    171W00000X
    2080P1004X
    246ZI1000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    23 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    B18.1Chronic viral hepatitis B without delta-agent
    B18.2Chronic viral hepatitis C
    C22.0Liver cell carcinoma
    C22.1Intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma
    C22.3Angiosarcoma of liver
    C22.4Other sarcomas of liver
    C22.7Other specified carcinomas of liver
    C22.8Malignant neoplasm of liver, primary, unspecified as to type
    C22.9Malignant neoplasm of liver, not specified as primary or secondary
    C78.4Secondary malignant neoplasm of small intestine

    Showing 1–10 of 23

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-47380-OPEN-RADIOFREQUENCY-ABLATION-LIVER

    CPT 47380: Open Radiofrequency Ablation of Liver Tumor

    CPT-47381-OPEN-LIVER-CRYOABLATION

    CPT 47381: Open Cryosurgical Ablation of Liver Tumors

    CPT-47382-PERCUTANEOUS-RADIOFREQUENCY-ABLATION-LIVER-TUMOR

    CPT 47382: Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Liver Tumors

    CPT-47383-PERCUTANEOUS-LIVER-CRYOABLATION

    CPT 47383: Percutaneous Cryoablation of Liver Tumor(s)

    CPT-47399-UNLISTED-LIVER-PROCEDURE

    CPT 47399: Unlisted Procedure, Liver

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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