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    v1.0.31
    OpenPayerBilling CodesEndoscopy Procedures on the RectumCPT cpt-45379-colonoscopic-foreign-body-removal
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    CPT 45379: Colonoscopy with Foreign Body Removal

    Medicare pays $496 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 45379 describes a colonoscopic procedure in which a provider uses a colonoscope inserted through the rectum to examine the colon and rectum and identify and remove foreign bodies that are causing obstruction or risk of injury; service type: endoscopic therapeutic procedure; typical site of service: endoscopy suite or hospital gastrointestinal procedure area.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Achalasia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Minimally Invasive Procedures - Medical Policy, Esophageal Brush Biopsy, Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 7-year-old child presents to the emergency department after ingesting a small toy part several hours earlier. The patient has intermittent abdominal pain, refusal to eat, and radiographs suggesting a radiopaque foreign body in the colon near the sigmoid region. The gastroenterology team is consulted. After history, focused exam, and informed consent, the patient is taken to the endoscopy suite. Under monitored anesthesia care or general anesthesia, the provider performs a colonoscopy using a colonoscope inserted through the rectum to localize and visualize the foreign body. Using endoscopic retrieval devices (e.g., forceps, retrieval net), the provider grasps and removes the object, inspects the mucosa for injury or perforation, documents findings, and monitors the patient in recovery. The procedure includes bowel preparation as appropriate for pediatric patients, anesthesia documentation, and post-procedure instructions. Typical documentation elements include indication, informed consent, anesthesia type, procedure performed (45379), instruments used, description of the foreign body, retrieval technique, findings, specimens if any, complications, and disposition.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    45378Colonoscopy, flexible, distal to splenic flexure; with removal of foreign bodyOften used interchangeably depending on documentation; 45379 specifically describes removal of foreign body from colon and rectum with colonoscope — ensure correct code per payer guidance.
    00812Anesthesia for intraperitoneal procedures in lower abdomen including laparoscopy (pediatric/adult)Used when general anesthesia is provided for the retrieval in the operating room setting; billed by anesthesia provider.
    43265Upper endoscopy with removal of foreign body (esophagus or stomach)Performed when ingested object is located in upper GI tract; documents related workflow when object migrates before colonoscopy.
    45385Colonoscopy with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)Performed when additional mucosal resection is required for pathology encountered during colonoscopy; not typical but may occur if lesion identified.
    99024Postoperative follow-up visit global periodUsed for routine postoperative follow-up related to the procedure during the global period when billed by the surgeon.

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207V00000X
    207L00000X
    207K00000X
    208000000X
    363LF0000X
    261QR0200X
    261QM1103X
    207RG0100X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Gastroenterology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Achalasia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Minimally Invasive Procedures - Medical PolicyHealth-New-England2027-02-01
    Esophageal Brush Biopsycaresourcegeorgia2026-12-01
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disordersbcbsvermont2026-12-01
    Gastric Pacing/Gastric Electrical Stimulation (GES)Cigna2026-11-15
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation for disorders of gut-brain interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) Coverage Policyevicore2026-11-05
    Non-invasive Testing for Liver FibrosisModa Health2026-11-01
    Surgical Site of Care - Colonoscopy and Sigmoidoscopyregence2026-11-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-45300-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-RIGID-DIAGNOSTIC

    CPT 45300: Diagnostic Proctosigmoidoscopy with Rigid Proctoscope

    CPT-45303-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-WITH-STRICTURE-DILATION

    CPT 45303: Proctosigmoidoscopy with Stricture Dilation

    CPT-45305-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-WITH-BIOPSY

    CPT 45305: Proctosigmoidoscopy with Biopsy

    CPT-45307-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-LOWER-GI-ENDOSCOPY

    CPT 45307: Proctosigmoidoscopy of Rectum and Sigmoid Colon

    CPT-45308-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPIC-LESION-REMOVAL

    CPT 45308: Proctosigmoidoscopy with Removal of Single Lesion

    CPT-45309-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-SNARE-EXCISION-LESION

    CPT 45309: Proctosigmoidoscopy with Snare Polypectomy

    CPT-45315-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPIC-POLYPECTOMY-MULTIPLE-LESIONS

    CPT 45315: Proctosigmoidoscopy with Multiple Lesion Removal

    CPT-45317-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY-WITH-HEMOSTASIS

    CPT 45317: Therapeutic Proctosigmoidoscopy for Hemorrhage Control

    CPT-45320-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPIC-LESION-ABLATION

    CPT 45320: Proctosigmoidoscopic Ablation of Lesion

    CPT-45321-PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPIC-DECOMPRESSION-SIGMOID-VOLVULUS

    CPT 45321: Proctosigmoidoscopic Decompression of Volvulus

    Showing 1–10 of 39

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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