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CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

CPT code 93312 covers transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) performed with multiple probes or a rotating transducer to obtain two-dimensional (2D) images of the heart. TEE offers high-resolution views of cardiac valves and chambers and is frequently used when transthoracic imaging is inadequate or when detailed assessment of valvular pathology, intracardiac thrombus, endocarditis, or perioperative evaluation is required. Nationally, TEE is a critical diagnostic tool in cardiology workflows and perioperative cardiac care.

This analysis includes major national payers: Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, United Healthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise explanation of the clinical context for 93312, comparisons to related echocardiography services, and coverage considerations relevant to hospital and outpatient imaging settings. The content highlights typical sites of service and the clinical scenarios that commonly justify a 2D TEE using multiple or rotating transducers.

The publication provides benchmarks and policy-relevant information where available, clarifies the relationship of 93312 to adjacent echocardiography codes, and outlines the expected clinical applications that drive use of this procedure. Data not available in the input is identified explicitly.

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Billing Code Overview

CPT code 93312 describes a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) procedure using multiple transducers or a rotating transducer to obtain two-dimensional (2D) cardiac images. The examination provides detailed visualization of the heart’s valves and chambers to assess valve function, chamber structure, and to detect a range of cardiac diseases.

Service Type: Diagnostic cardiac imaging — transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE)

Typical Site of Service: Hospital inpatient or outpatient cardiac imaging suites, cardiac catheterization laboratories, or specialized echocardiography laboratories where procedural sedation and airway management are available.

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

Medicare’s mean of $165.90 sits well below BUCA’s average commercial mean of $746.20, indicating a substantial gap between federal reimbursement and BUCA’s commercial positioning for CPT 93312. This spread underscores how Medicare payment levels serve as a low anchor while some commercial agreements, especially BUCA, reimburse several times higher on average.

Examining dispersion (P75 minus P25) highlights payers with tighter versus wider rate spreads. Blue Cross Blue Shield shows the widest interquartile spread at $507.10 ($1,386.00 - $847.90), followed by UnitedHealth Group at $192.50 ($357.00 - $166.50) and Cigna at $184.40 ($370.00 - $158.60). Aetna displays the tightest spread at $153.80 ($260.70 - $106.90); BUCA’s IQR is $468.90 ($933.10 - $546.20) and Medicare’s IQR is $121.50 ($231.50 - $110.00).

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CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

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Billing Code Overview

Service Type: Diagnostic cardiac imaging — transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE)

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 62-year-old inpatient with fever, positive blood cultures for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, hypotension, and concern for infective endocarditis undergoes transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) using a multiplane or rotating transducer to evaluate valvular vegetations, perivalvular abscess, or prosthetic valve dysfunction. Clinical workflow: the ordering physician (cardiologist or infectious disease consultant) documents indication and hemodynamic stability; informed consent obtained; nil per os status confirmed; anesthesia or sedation plan arranged (conscious sedation or monitored anesthesia care depending on airway risk); TEE probe insertion performed in procedural suite, intensive care unit, or operating room by a credentialed echocardiographer or cardiologist; real-time 2D imaging and targeted Doppler assessment performed; images archived and interpreted with a formal report documenting findings relevant to sepsis, prosthetic valve evaluation, or aortic pathology; results communicated to the treating team for antimicrobial and surgical planning.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when only the physician interpretation is billed separately from technical component.
`TC`	Technical component	Use when billing only the technical component (equipment/probe) separate from physician interpretation.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when TEE is performed in a separate session/procedure distinct from another service on the same day.
`62`	Two surgeons or more	Use when two physicians perform portions of the procedure as co-surgeons (rare for TEE, applicable if documented).
`52`	Reduced services	Use when TEE is partially completed or limited due to patient tolerance or anatomy.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is started but stopped for patient safety before meaningful images obtained.
`25`	Significant, separately identifiable E/M service	Use when a separate E/M visit is performed and documented on same day as TEE.
`76`	Repeat procedure by same physician	Use when TEE is repeated by same physician during the same encounter.
`77`	Repeat procedure by different physician	Use when a different physician repeats the TEE during same encounter.
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when documentation supports substantially greater effort or complexity than typical TEE.
`XU`	Unusual non-overlapping service	Use when components of the service are distinct and not normally billed together (per payer policy).
`XE`	Separate encounter	Use when TEE is performed during a separate encounter from another related service.
`XP`	Separate practitioner	Use when distinct practitioner performs a portion of the service separate from other practitioners.
`GZ`	Item/service expected to be denied as not reasonable/necessary (no modifier to indicate)	Use when reporting to payers that service lacks medical necessity documentation (check payer rules).

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
`207RC0000X`	Cardiovascular Disease Physician	Most common specialty performing and interpreting TEE for endocarditis, valvular disease, and aortic pathology.
`207RI0011X`	Interventional Cardiology Physician	Performs TEE intra-procedurally for structural interventions and guidance.
`207RC0200X`	Cardiac Electrophysiology Physician	Uses TEE for lead-related infections or to guide device procedures when indicated.
`207R00000X`	Internal Medicine Physician	Hospitalists or internists may request TEE and provide pre-/post-procedure care; interpretation usually by cardiology.
`207ZP0102X`	Pediatric Cardiology Physician	Performs TEE in pediatric patients when indicated for congenital or infectious disease evaluations.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`A02.1`	Salmonella sepsis	Bacteremia with concern for cardiac seeding or endocarditis; TEE evaluates for valvular involvement.
`A18.84`	Tuberculosis of heart	Rare cardiac involvement; TEE can assess for myocardial or pericardial masses and valvular effects.
`A22.7`	Anthrax sepsis	Systemic infection with potential for cardiovascular complications; TEE may be used if endocardial involvement suspected.
`A26.7`	Erysipelothrix sepsis	Bacteremia with possible endocardial infection; TEE assesses vegetations.
`A32.7`	Listerial sepsis	Listeria bacteremia with risk of endocarditis in at-risk patients; TEE used for evaluation.
`A40.0`	Sepsis due to streptococcus, group A	Common cause of bacteremia; TEE assesses for valvular vegetations.
`A40.1`	Sepsis due to streptococcus, group B	Same clinical relevance for cardiac involvement assessment.
`A40.3`	Sepsis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae	TEE used when pneumococcal bacteremia raises concern for endocarditis.
`A40.8`	Other streptococcal sepsis	TEE evaluates for endocarditis depending on clinical suspicion.
`A41.01`	Sepsis due to Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus	High-risk organism for endocarditis; TEE is frequently indicated.
`A41.02`	Sepsis due to Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus	MRSA bacteremia has high endocarditis risk; TEE recommended to evaluate valves and prosthetic devices.
`A41.1`	Sepsis due to other specified staphylococcus	Relevant when staphylococcal bacteremia raises concern for cardiac infection.
`A41.3`	Sepsis due to Hemophilus influenzae	Bacteremia with possible endocardial involvement; TEE may be indicated.
`A41.4`	Sepsis due to anaerobes	Anaerobic bacteremia may seed heart valves; TEE assesses for vegetations.
`A41.50`	Gram-negative sepsis, unspecified	Gram-negative bacteremia prompting TEE when endocarditis suspected.
`A41.51`	Sepsis due to Serratia	Specific gram-negative pathogen with potential endocardial complications.
`A41.52`	Sepsis due to unspecified gram-negative organisms	TEE considered when clinical course suggests endocarditis.
`A41.53`	Sepsis due to Serratia (again)	Same clinical relevance as `A41.51`.
`A41.59`	Other Gram-negative sepsis	See above for relevance.
`A41.81`	Sepsis due to Enterococcus	Enterococcal bacteremia linked to endocarditis; TEE used for evaluation.
`A41.89`	Other specified sepsis	Pathogen-specific sepsis triggering TEE based on risk factors.
`A41.9`	Sepsis, unspecified organism	When sepsis present and source unclear, TEE helps identify cardiac source.
`A42.7`	Actinomycotic sepsis	Rare infection with potential cardiac involvement; TEE assesses structural abnormalities.
`A52.01`	Syphilitic aneurysm of aorta	TEE evaluates aortic root and ascending aorta for syphilitic aortitis or aneurysm-related complications.
`A52.02`	Syphilitic aortitis	TEE assesses aortic valve and root for involvement from syphilitic disease.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`93320`	Doppler echocardiography, pulsed wave and/or continuous wave with spectral display	Often performed adjunctively during echocardiographic evaluation to quantify flow velocities and gradients when assessing valvular lesions noted on TEE.
`93325`	Doppler echocardiography color flow velocity mapping	Used to characterize regurgitant jets and shunts seen on TEE; may be billed when color flow Doppler imaging is performed.
`93350`	Stress echocardiography	Different modality; performed when ischemia evaluation is needed rather than structural/infective assessment provided by TEE.
`93306`	Echocardiography, transthoracic, complete	Often performed before TEE; TTE is a noninvasive first-line study, with TEE used when TTE windows are inadequate or higher resolution is required.
`93351`	Stress echocardiography, including interpretation and report	Related to ischemia testing rather than TEE; included here as part of the echocardiography family and potential subsequent testing in workflow.

CPT 93303: Complete Transthoracic Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease

CPT-93304-LIMITED-TRANSTHORACIC-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-CONGENITAL-HEART

CPT 93304: Limited Transthoracic Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease

CPT-93306-TRANSTHORACIC-2D-ECHOCARDIOGRAM-COMPREHENSIVE

CPT 93306: Transthoracic 2D Echocardiogram, Comprehensive

CPT-93307-TRANSTHORACIC-2D-ECHOCARDIOGRAM

CPT 93307: Two-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiogram

CPT-93308-LIMITED-TRANSTHORACIC-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D

CPT 93308: Limited Transthoracic Echocardiography, 2D Focused Study

CPT-93313-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-PROBE-INSERTION-2D

CPT 93313: Transesophageal Echocardiography Probe Insertion for 2D Imaging

CPT-93314-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-TEE-INTERPRETATION-REPORT

CPT 93314: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) Interpretation and Report

CPT-93315-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D-MULTIPLE-TRANSDUCERS

CPT 93315: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE), 2D, Multiple/Rotating Transducers

CPT-93316-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D-ROTATING-MULTIPLE-TRANSDUCERS

CPT 93316: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

CPT-93317-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-TEE-2D-ROTATING-TRANSDUCER

CPT 93317: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE), 2D Rotating/Multiple Transducers

Showing 1–10 of 20

Frequently Asked Questions

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

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Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when only the physician interpretation is billed separately from technical component.
`TC`	Technical component	Use when billing only the technical component (equipment/probe) separate from physician interpretation.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when TEE is performed in a separate session/procedure distinct from another service on the same day.
`62`	Two surgeons or more	Use when two physicians perform portions of the procedure as co-surgeons (rare for TEE, applicable if documented).
`52`	Reduced services	Use when TEE is partially completed or limited due to patient tolerance or anatomy.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the procedure is started but stopped for patient safety before meaningful images obtained.
`25`	Significant, separately identifiable E/M service	Use when a separate E/M visit is performed and documented on same day as TEE.
`76`	Repeat procedure by same physician	Use when TEE is repeated by same physician during the same encounter.
`77`	Repeat procedure by different physician	Use when a different physician repeats the TEE during same encounter.
`22`	Increased procedural services	Use when documentation supports substantially greater effort or complexity than typical TEE.
`XU`	Unusual non-overlapping service	Use when components of the service are distinct and not normally billed together (per payer policy).
`XE`	Separate encounter	Use when TEE is performed during a separate encounter from another related service.
`XP`	Separate practitioner	Use when distinct practitioner performs a portion of the service separate from other practitioners.
`GZ`	Item/service expected to be denied as not reasonable/necessary (no modifier to indicate)	Use when reporting to payers that service lacks medical necessity documentation (check payer rules).

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
`207RC0000X`	Cardiovascular Disease Physician	Most common specialty performing and interpreting TEE for endocarditis, valvular disease, and aortic pathology.
`207RI0011X`	Interventional Cardiology Physician	Performs TEE intra-procedurally for structural interventions and guidance.
`207RC0200X`	Cardiac Electrophysiology Physician	Uses TEE for lead-related infections or to guide device procedures when indicated.
`207R00000X`	Internal Medicine Physician	Hospitalists or internists may request TEE and provide pre-/post-procedure care; interpretation usually by cardiology.
`207ZP0102X`	Pediatric Cardiology Physician	Performs TEE in pediatric patients when indicated for congenital or infectious disease evaluations.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`A02.1`	Salmonella sepsis	Bacteremia with concern for cardiac seeding or endocarditis; TEE evaluates for valvular involvement.
`A18.84`	Tuberculosis of heart	Rare cardiac involvement; TEE can assess for myocardial or pericardial masses and valvular effects.
`A22.7`	Anthrax sepsis	Systemic infection with potential for cardiovascular complications; TEE may be used if endocardial involvement suspected.
`A26.7`	Erysipelothrix sepsis	Bacteremia with possible endocardial infection; TEE assesses vegetations.
`A32.7`	Listerial sepsis	Listeria bacteremia with risk of endocarditis in at-risk patients; TEE used for evaluation.
`A40.0`	Sepsis due to streptococcus, group A	Common cause of bacteremia; TEE assesses for valvular vegetations.
`A40.1`	Sepsis due to streptococcus, group B	Same clinical relevance for cardiac involvement assessment.
`A40.3`	Sepsis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae	TEE used when pneumococcal bacteremia raises concern for endocarditis.
`A40.8`	Other streptococcal sepsis	TEE evaluates for endocarditis depending on clinical suspicion.
`A41.01`	Sepsis due to Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus	High-risk organism for endocarditis; TEE is frequently indicated.
`A41.02`	Sepsis due to Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus	MRSA bacteremia has high endocarditis risk; TEE recommended to evaluate valves and prosthetic devices.
`A41.1`	Sepsis due to other specified staphylococcus	Relevant when staphylococcal bacteremia raises concern for cardiac infection.
`A41.3`	Sepsis due to Hemophilus influenzae	Bacteremia with possible endocardial involvement; TEE may be indicated.
`A41.4`	Sepsis due to anaerobes	Anaerobic bacteremia may seed heart valves; TEE assesses for vegetations.
`A41.50`	Gram-negative sepsis, unspecified	Gram-negative bacteremia prompting TEE when endocarditis suspected.
`A41.51`	Sepsis due to Serratia	Specific gram-negative pathogen with potential endocardial complications.
`A41.52`	Sepsis due to unspecified gram-negative organisms	TEE considered when clinical course suggests endocarditis.
`A41.53`	Sepsis due to Serratia (again)	Same clinical relevance as `A41.51`.
`A41.59`	Other Gram-negative sepsis	See above for relevance.
`A41.81`	Sepsis due to Enterococcus	Enterococcal bacteremia linked to endocarditis; TEE used for evaluation.
`A41.89`	Other specified sepsis	Pathogen-specific sepsis triggering TEE based on risk factors.
`A41.9`	Sepsis, unspecified organism	When sepsis present and source unclear, TEE helps identify cardiac source.
`A42.7`	Actinomycotic sepsis	Rare infection with potential cardiac involvement; TEE assesses structural abnormalities.
`A52.01`	Syphilitic aneurysm of aorta	TEE evaluates aortic root and ascending aorta for syphilitic aortitis or aneurysm-related complications.
`A52.02`	Syphilitic aortitis	TEE assesses aortic valve and root for involvement from syphilitic disease.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`93320`	Doppler echocardiography, pulsed wave and/or continuous wave with spectral display	Often performed adjunctively during echocardiographic evaluation to quantify flow velocities and gradients when assessing valvular lesions noted on TEE.
`93325`	Doppler echocardiography color flow velocity mapping	Used to characterize regurgitant jets and shunts seen on TEE; may be billed when color flow Doppler imaging is performed.
`93350`	Stress echocardiography	Different modality; performed when ischemia evaluation is needed rather than structural/infective assessment provided by TEE.
`93306`	Echocardiography, transthoracic, complete	Often performed before TEE; TTE is a noninvasive first-line study, with TEE used when TTE windows are inadequate or higher resolution is required.
`93351`	Stress echocardiography, including interpretation and report	Related to ischemia testing rather than TEE; included here as part of the echocardiography family and potential subsequent testing in workflow.

CPT 93303: Complete Transthoracic Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease

CPT-93304-LIMITED-TRANSTHORACIC-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-CONGENITAL-HEART

CPT 93304: Limited Transthoracic Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease

CPT-93306-TRANSTHORACIC-2D-ECHOCARDIOGRAM-COMPREHENSIVE

CPT 93306: Transthoracic 2D Echocardiogram, Comprehensive

CPT-93307-TRANSTHORACIC-2D-ECHOCARDIOGRAM

CPT 93307: Two-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiogram

CPT-93308-LIMITED-TRANSTHORACIC-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D

CPT 93308: Limited Transthoracic Echocardiography, 2D Focused Study

CPT-93313-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-PROBE-INSERTION-2D

CPT 93313: Transesophageal Echocardiography Probe Insertion for 2D Imaging

CPT-93314-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-TEE-INTERPRETATION-REPORT

CPT 93314: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) Interpretation and Report

CPT-93315-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D-MULTIPLE-TRANSDUCERS

CPT 93315: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE), 2D, Multiple/Rotating Transducers

CPT-93316-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-2D-ROTATING-MULTIPLE-TRANSDUCERS

CPT 93316: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

CPT-93317-TRANSESOPHAGEAL-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-TEE-2D-ROTATING-TRANSDUCER

CPT 93317: Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE), 2D Rotating/Multiple Transducers

Showing 1–10 of 20

Frequently Asked Questions

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.

Published by

Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

OpenPayer

CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

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Billing Code Overview

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

OpenPayer

CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

Sign up for cpt 93312 policy alerts

Billing Code Overview

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

Sign up for cpt 93312 policy alerts

Billing Code Overview

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

CPT 93312: Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2D with Multiple/Rotating Transducers

Sign up for cpt 93312 policy alerts

Billing Code Overview

National Reimbursement Benchmarks

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

What procedure and clinical uses does CPT 93312 cover?

Which modifiers are relevant when billing CPT 93312?

How do reimbursement rates for CPT 93312 vary across payers?

Where is CPT 93312 typically performed?

Which related CPT and ICD-10 codes are associated with CPT 93312?

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

What procedure and clinical uses does CPT 93312 cover?

Which modifiers are relevant when billing CPT 93312?

How do reimbursement rates for CPT 93312 vary across payers?

Where is CPT 93312 typically performed?

Which related CPT and ICD-10 codes are associated with CPT 93312?

References