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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesVestibular Function Tests, With Recording (eg, ENG)CPT cpt-92546-vestibular-function-sinusoidal-rotation-testing
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    CPT 92546: Vestibular Testing with Sinusoidal Vertical-Axis Rotation

    Medicare pays $94 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 92546 describes laboratory testing that measures normal and pathological vestibular function and estimates visual acuity via assessment of visual–vestibular interaction using sinusoidal vertical-axis rotation testing; service type: diagnostic vestibular function testing; typical site of service: hospital outpatient clinic or specialized vestibular laboratory setting.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM), Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®), Lumbar Microdiscectomy.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 54-year-old patient presents to a tertiary otolaryngology/neurotology clinic with a 3-month history of episodic rotational vertigo, imbalance, and blurred vision with head movement. The neurologist and neurotologist perform a focused history and bedside vestibular exam; findings suggest a central or mixed vestibular disorder. To quantify vestibular function and evaluate visual–vestibular interaction, the patient is scheduled for laboratory vestibular testing that includes sinusoidal vertical-axis rotation testing. During the outpatient visit the patient changes into testing attire, is instructed about the procedure, and is seated in a motorized rotary chair while eye movements are recorded with video-oculography. The provider measures vestibulo-ocular reflex parameters, phase and gain across frequencies, and estimates visual acuity during visual–vestibular stimulation to distinguish peripheral from central pathology and guide management. Typical sites of service are an outpatient hospital-based vestibular laboratory, ambulatory surgical center with vestibular diagnostic capability, or an otolaryngology/neurotology clinic with dedicated vestibular testing equipment. Ancillary staff perform the technologic setup and testing; the interpreting physician documents test findings, interpretation, and clinical implications in the medical record.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    92545Rotational testing, sinusoidal or harmonic acceleration, horizontal axis, with recordingOften performed alongside vertical-axis rotation testing to assess horizontal semicircular canal function and provide complementary vestibular data.
    92544Rotational testing, sinusoidal or harmonic acceleration, horizontal axis, without recordingAn alternate format of chair testing when recording is not performed; may precede or follow more comprehensive recorded testing.
    92550Vectoelectronystagmography, positional nystagmus studiesFrequently performed in the same battery to evaluate positional triggers and nystagmus patterns relevant to differential diagnosis.
    92557Comprehensive vestibular function testing (includes caloric, rotary chair, posturography components)May be billed when a full battery including sinusoidal rotation testing is performed as part of a comprehensive vestibular assessment.
    92601Diagnostic analysis of vestibular evoked myogenic potentialsOften used adjunctively to assess otolith organ function when rotary chair testing suggests otolith involvement.

    Related Modifiers

    7 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    208D00000X
    2084P0800X
    261QP2300X
    3336C0003X
    207QS1201X
    133VN1004X
    2086X0206X
    2083T0002X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Neurology/Neurosurgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM)Kaiser Permanente2027-01-01
    Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®)bcbsvermont2026-11-01
    Lumbar Microdiscectomyuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Artificial Cervical Intervertebral Discuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Lumbar Decompressionuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Responsive Neurostimulation for Focal EpilepsyPremera Bluecross2026-10-14
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    High-Intensity Focused UltrasoundMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-10-01
    Vagal Nerve StimulationAmbetter Nevada2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-92537-CALORIC-VESTIBULAR-TEST

    CPT 92537: Caloric Vestibular Test (Irrigation with Warm and Cold Water)

    CPT-92538-CALORIC-VESTIBULAR-TEST-MONOTHERMAL

    CPT 92538: Caloric Vestibular Test (Monothermal)

    CPT-92540-VESTIBULAR-BALANCE-TESTING-FOUR-TESTS-WITH-RECORDING

    CPT 92540: Complete Vestibular/Balance Testing with Recording

    CPT-92541-ELECTRONYSTAGMOGRAPHY-VIDEONYSTAGMOGRAPHY-EYE-MOVEMENTS

    CPT 92541: Electronystagmography/Videonystagmography Recording of Ocular Movements

    CPT-92542-POSITIONAL-NYSTAGMUS-ELECTRONYSTAGMOGRAPHY

    CPT 92542: Electronystagmography/Videonystagmography Recording of Eye Movements

    CPT-92544-OCULAR-MOTILITY-EYE-MOVEMENT-TESTING

    CPT 92544: Oculomotor Function Evaluation (Eye Movement Testing)

    CPT-92545-VESTIBULAR-VISUAL-TRACKING-ASSESSMENT

    CPT 92545: Visual Fixation Assessment during Balance Evaluation

    CPT-92547-VESTIBULAR-FUNCTION-TEST-VERTICAL-ELECTRODE-NYSTAGMUS

    CPT 92547: Vestibular Test with Vertical Electrodes for Nystagmus Assessment

    CPT-92548-COMPUTERIZED-DYNAMIC-POSTUROGRAPHY-SENSORY-TESTING

    CPT 92548: Computerized Dynamic Posturography Sensory Organization Testing

    CPT-92549-COMPUTERIZED-DYNAMIC-POSTUROGRAPHY-BALANCE-TESTING

    CPT 92549: Computerized Dynamic Posturography Sensory Organization Test

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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