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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesReproductive Medicine ProceduresCPT cpt-89398-reproductive-medicine-lab-unlisted-procedure
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    CPT 89398: Reproductive Medicine Laboratory, Unlisted Procedure

    CPT code 89398 is used to report unlisted reproductive medicine laboratory procedures when no specific CPT code exists for the assisted reproductive or andrology test performed; it represents reproductive medicine laboratory services such as specialized sperm, egg, or embryo testing and processing and is typically billed for laboratory-based diagnostic or procedural services provided in a reproductive medicine or fertility laboratory or other clinical laboratory setting.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Prenatal (Fetal) Diagnostic Testing, Oral Cancer Screening and Testing, RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 34-year-old patient undergoing assisted reproductive technology presents to an outpatient reproductive medicine laboratory after oocyte retrieval. The embryology team performs specialized laboratory procedures that are not described by a specific CPT code — for example, unique sperm or embryo preparation techniques, bespoke laboratory manipulations, or novel diagnostic assays used to support in vitro fertilization. The workflow begins with specimen receipt in the lab, verification and accessioning, performance of the custom procedure (such as experimental embryo culture modification, non-standard micromanipulation, or an investigational viability assay), result documentation, and communication of findings to the reproductive endocrinology team. Billing uses 89398 to report these unlisted reproductive medicine laboratory services when no exact CPT code exists; documentation must describe the technical steps, clinical rationale, time, personnel, and equipment involved to support medical necessity and reimbursement review.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    89250Oocyte retrieval, any method; with anesthesiaPerformed prior to many reproductive laboratory procedures to obtain oocytes for lab processing.
    89258Embryo culture, less than 24 hoursCommon laboratory service for embryo handling; 89398 may be used for unique culture modifications not otherwise coded.
    89342Semen preparation techniques (e.g., for intrauterine insemination)Standard sperm processing; novel or nonstandard sperm preparation methods would be reported with 89398.
    89290Assisted zona manipulation (e.g., zona drilling)Specific micromanipulation; if a technique is not described by an existing code, 89398 may be used.
    89260Embryo transfer, intrauterineDownstream clinical procedure after laboratory work; lab procedures reported with 89398 support successful transfer.

    Related Modifiers

    7 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    90Modifier ‑90 (Reference/Outside Laboratory) indicates that a laboratory test was performed by an entity other than the treating or reporting provider. The American Medical Association defines…- Use CPT modifier -90 when a laboratory test is performed by an outside/reference laboratory (an entity other than the treating or reporting physician or qualified professional) and the claim needs…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    174400000X
    364S00000X
    174H00000X
    208000000X
    163WN0002X
    363LF0000X
    177F00000X
    2470A2800X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Genetic & Molecular Testing1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Prenatal (Fetal) Diagnostic TestingBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2027-01-01
    Oral Cancer Screening and TestingOscar Health2027-01-01
    RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin DeficiencyOscar Health2027-01-01
    Cytochrome P450 Genotype-Guided Treatment Strategy Corporate Medical Policybcbsvermont2027-01-01
    Polygenic Risk ScoreBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-12-01
    Gene Expression Profiling for Cutaneous MelanomaBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-12-01
    Genetic Testing for Diagnosis and Management of Mental Health ConditionsBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-11-01
    Molecular Testing in the Management of Pulmonary NodulesBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-11-01
    Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer (for North Carolina Only)Colorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-10-01
    Expanded Molecular Testing of Cancers to Select Targeted TherapiesBlue Cross Blue Shield - North Dakota2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-89250-SHORT-TERM-OOCYTE-EMBRYO-CULTURE-ART

    CPT 89250: Oocyte or Embryo Culture <4 Days

    CPT-89251-OOCYTE-EMBRYO-SHORT-TERM-COCULTURE-ART

    CPT 89251: Oocyte/Embryo Culture with Coculture (<4 days)

    CPT-89253-ASSISTED-EMBRYO-HATCHING-PARTIAL-ZONA-DISSECTION

    CPT 89253: Assisted Embryo Hatching, Partial Zona Dissection

    CPT-89254-FOLLICULAR-FLUID-OOCYTE-IDENTIFICATION-LAB

    CPT 89254: Oocyte Identification from Follicular Fluid

    CPT-89255-EMBRYO-PREPARATION-FOR-TRANSFER-ART

    CPT 89255: Embryo Preparation for Transfer (ART)

    CPT-89257-SPERM-IDENTIFICATION-FROM-ASPIRATION

    CPT 89257: Identification of Sperm from Non-Seminal Aspirates

    CPT-89258-EMBRYO-CRYOPRESERVATION-IVF

    CPT 89258: Embryo Cryopreservation During IVF Cycle

    CPT-89259-SPERM-CRYOPRESERVATION-AND-PRESERVATION

    CPT 89259: Sperm Cryopreservation, Laboratory Processing

    CPT-89260-LABORATORY-SPERM-PREPARATION-SPERM-WASH-SWIM-UP

    CPT 89260: Sperm Isolation for Sperm Wash and Swim‑Up Preparation

    CPT-89261-SPERM-PREPARATION-AND-SEMEN-ANALYSIS

    CPT 89261: Complex Sperm Preparation and Semen Analysis

    Showing 1–10 of 36

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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