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    OpenPayerBilling CodesReproductive Medicine ProceduresCPT cpt-89291-oocyte-polar-body-embryo-blastomere-biopsy-pgd
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    CPT 89291: PGD Biopsy of Polar Bodies or Blastomeres (>5 Embryos)

    CPT code 89291 describes laboratory microtechnique biopsy of oocyte polar bodies or embryo blastomeres for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) involving more than five embryos; this is a specialized embryology laboratory service performed during assisted reproductive technology procedures, typically provided in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) clinical setting or embryology laboratory.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Prenatal (Fetal) Diagnostic Testing, Oral Cancer Screening and Testing, RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 36-year-old patient undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) presents for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Following ovarian stimulation and retrieval, embryology laboratory staff culture and monitor embryos. On day 3 (cleavage-stage) or day 5 (blastocyst-stage) embryos selected for genetic analysis undergo biopsy. For this encounter the laboratory analyst performs microtechnique biopsy of greater than five embryos, obtaining oocyte polar bodies or embryo blastomeres for genetic testing using micromanipulation and micropipette systems. The workflow includes embryo preparation under an inverted microscope, immobilization, removal of zona pellucida if required, aspiration of blastomeres or polar body biopsy, labeling and preservation of samples, and transfer of biopsied embryos to culture. Specimens are sent to the genetics lab for PGD/PGS analysis. Typical site of service is an assisted reproduction clinic or hospital-based embryology laboratory with specialized micromanipulation equipment. The patient scenario commonly involves indications such as known parental genetic carrier status, prior child with a single-gene disorder, advanced maternal age, or recurrent pregnancy loss where embryo genetic evaluation is pursued before uterine transfer.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    89280Culture of oocytes and embryos, (e.g., IVF)Performed earlier in IVF workflow to culture embryos prior to biopsy
    89290Embryo biopsy, single embryo; micromanipulation technique for PGD/PGS (biopsy of oocyte polar bodies or embryo blastomeres) — service involving five or fewer embryosClosely related code for cases involving fewer embryos; 89291 applies when more than five embryos are biopsied
    89292Biopsy of embryo(s) for PGD using trophectoderm biopsy (blastocyst stage)Alternate biopsy approach commonly used at blastocyst stage; may be performed instead of cleavage-stage blastomere biopsy
    89250Semen preparation techniques for assisted reproductive proceduresOften performed earlier in the IVF cycle as part of gamete preparation
    89260Assisted embryo hatchingMay be performed adjunctively in embryo manipulation protocols prior to or after biopsy

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    66Modifier 66 (Surgical Team) is used when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons on a single, highly complex procedure. The AMA defines it for use when a surgical team — often composed of…- Use modifier 66 when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons working collaboratively as a surgical team on a single, highly complex or difficult procedure (for example organ…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    390200000X
    208200000X
    103TF0000X
    374U00000X
    287300000X
    2080C0008X
    103TH0100X
    163W00000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    19 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    E28.2Polycystic ovarian syndrome
    E28.39Other primary ovarian failure
    E28.8Other ovarian dysfunction
    E28.9Ovarian dysfunction, unspecified
    N46.9Male infertility, unspecified
    N97.0Female infertility associated with anovulation
    N97.1Female infertility of tubal origin
    N97.2Female infertility of uterine origin
    N97.9Female infertility, unspecified
    O09.511Supervision of elderly primigravida, first trimester

    Showing 1–10 of 19

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Genetic & Molecular Testing1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Prenatal (Fetal) Diagnostic TestingBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2027-01-01
    Oral Cancer Screening and TestingOscar Health2027-01-01
    RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin DeficiencyOscar Health2027-01-01
    Cytochrome P450 Genotype-Guided Treatment Strategy Corporate Medical Policybcbsvermont2027-01-01
    Polygenic Risk ScoreBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-12-01
    Gene Expression Profiling for Cutaneous MelanomaBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-12-01
    Genetic Testing for Diagnosis and Management of Mental Health ConditionsBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-11-01
    Molecular Testing in the Management of Pulmonary NodulesBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-11-01
    Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer (for North Carolina Only)Colorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-10-01
    Expanded Molecular Testing of Cancers to Select Targeted TherapiesBlue Cross Blue Shield - North Dakota2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-89250-SHORT-TERM-OOCYTE-EMBRYO-CULTURE-ART

    CPT 89250: Oocyte or Embryo Culture <4 Days

    CPT-89251-OOCYTE-EMBRYO-SHORT-TERM-COCULTURE-ART

    CPT 89251: Oocyte/Embryo Culture with Coculture (<4 days)

    CPT-89253-ASSISTED-EMBRYO-HATCHING-PARTIAL-ZONA-DISSECTION

    CPT 89253: Assisted Embryo Hatching, Partial Zona Dissection

    CPT-89254-FOLLICULAR-FLUID-OOCYTE-IDENTIFICATION-LAB

    CPT 89254: Oocyte Identification from Follicular Fluid

    CPT-89255-EMBRYO-PREPARATION-FOR-TRANSFER-ART

    CPT 89255: Embryo Preparation for Transfer (ART)

    CPT-89257-SPERM-IDENTIFICATION-FROM-ASPIRATION

    CPT 89257: Identification of Sperm from Non-Seminal Aspirates

    CPT-89258-EMBRYO-CRYOPRESERVATION-IVF

    CPT 89258: Embryo Cryopreservation During IVF Cycle

    CPT-89259-SPERM-CRYOPRESERVATION-AND-PRESERVATION

    CPT 89259: Sperm Cryopreservation, Laboratory Processing

    CPT-89260-LABORATORY-SPERM-PREPARATION-SPERM-WASH-SWIM-UP

    CPT 89260: Sperm Isolation for Sperm Wash and Swim‑Up Preparation

    CPT-89261-SPERM-PREPARATION-AND-SEMEN-ANALYSIS

    CPT 89261: Complex Sperm Preparation and Semen Analysis

    Showing 1–10 of 36

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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