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CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

CPT code 51797 denotes a voiding pressure (leak point pressure) measurement, a urodynamic test that records detrusor muscle contractions during active voiding to identify pressure-related urinary obstruction. This diagnostic procedure is clinically important for evaluating urinary incontinence, suspected outlet obstruction, and other lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Nationally, urodynamic testing informs treatment planning and surgical decision-making for patients with complex voiding symptoms.

Key payers covered in this analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise overview of the clinical context for 51797, typical sites of service, and the procedural purpose. The publication also presents payer coverage considerations, common billing modifiers used with urodynamic procedures, and benchmarks for utilization where available. Policy implications for documentation, medical necessity, and potential prior authorization practices are summarized to aid billing and compliance teams.

This resource targets clinicians, coding professionals, and healthcare administrators seeking clear guidance on the role of CPT code 51797 in diagnostic evaluation of lower urinary tract dysfunction. Data not available in the input is noted where applicable.

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Billing Code Overview

CPT code 51797 describes a voiding pressure test (sometimes called leak point pressure) that measures contractions of the detrusor muscle during attempted voiding. The procedure evaluates bladder pressure dynamics to detect a pressure obstruction when the patient is able to void or express urine.

Service Type: Urodynamic diagnostic testing

Typical Site of Service: Outpatient urology clinic, ambulatory surgical center, or hospital outpatient department

Data not available in the input.

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CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

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Sign up for cpt 51797 policy alerts

Get alerted when payer policies referencing 51797 are released or updated.

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Billing Code Overview

Service Type: Urodynamic diagnostic testing

Typical Site of Service: Outpatient urology clinic, ambulatory surgical center, or hospital outpatient department

Data not available in the input.

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

A 62-year-old female with a history of mixed urinary incontinence presents to the urology clinic for objective evaluation of bladder function. She reports stress urinary leakage with coughing and intermittent urgency incontinence. The clinician performs a focused history and physical, reviews prior pelvic surgery, and orders urodynamic testing. During the ambulatory visit the patient undergoes multichannel urodynamic testing including filling cystometry and a voiding study. The procedure 51797 (voiding pressure) is obtained while the patient is instructed to void; detrusor pressure is measured during attempted voiding to determine leak point pressure and to assess for detrusor overactivity or outlet obstruction. The typical site of service is an outpatient urology or urogynecology clinic, or an ambulatory surgery center with urodynamics capabilities. The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure consent and instruction, placement of intravesical and rectal catheters, performance of filling cystometry, obtaining the voiding pressure measurements (51797) while recording flow and pressure data, interpretation by the performing physician, and documentation of findings in the medical record. Typical patients include adult men and women evaluated for urinary incontinence, suspected bladder outlet obstruction, or neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician interpretation/report for the urodynamic study separate from the technical component.
`TC`	Technical component	Use when billing only the facility/technical portion (equipment, supplies, technologist) for the urodynamic testing.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the urodynamic study was partially reduced or not completed as planned but still performed.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the urodynamic test was started but discontinued for patient safety or intolerance.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when `51797` is a separate, distinct service from another procedure on the same date (ensure documentation supports distinctness).
`76`	Repeat procedure by same physician	Use if `51797` is repeated later the same day by the same physician due to an incomplete initial attempt.
`77`	Repeat procedure by another physician	Use if another physician repeats `51797` on the same date.
`78`	Unplanned return to the OR/procedure room after initial procedure for a related procedure	Use only if an unplanned return to a procedure room is required to repeat or manage complications of the urodynamic procedure.
`62`	Two surgeons	Rare for this procedure; use if two qualified providers of different specialties actively participate and documentation supports it.
`LT`	Left side / `RT`	Not typically applicable to `51797` but available in the modifier set for laterality reporting when required.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
208800000X	Urology	Urologists commonly perform and interpret urodynamics including voiding pressure studies.
263Q00000X	Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS)	Specialists who evaluate pelvic floor dysfunction and incontinence frequently perform urodynamics.
207Q00000X	Physiatry (Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation)	Physiatrists may perform urodynamic testing for neurogenic bladder evaluation.
363LP0800X	Clinical Laboratory Technologist/Technician (Urodynamics technologist)	Technical staff performing the study and acquiring tracings; use for billing taxonomy of technical providers.
208M00000X	Obstetrics & Gynecology	Gynecologists with urogynecology practice may perform or order `51797` studies.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`N39.3`	Stress incontinence (female)	Direct indication for voiding pressure measurement to quantify leak point pressure and characterize stress urinary incontinence.
`N39.41`	Urge incontinence	Voiding pressure testing helps identify detrusor overactivity contributing to urgency urinary incontinence.
`N32.9`	Neurogenic bladder, unspecified	Urodynamics including `51797` evaluate detrusor-sphincter function in suspected neurogenic bladder.
`R32`	Unspecified urinary retention	Voiding pressure studies assess outlet obstruction or poor detrusor contractility in retention.
`N13.8`	Other obstructive and reflux uropathy	Used when evaluating possible bladder outlet obstruction contributing to elevated voiding pressures.
`N39.0`	Urinary tract infection	Often excluded or treated before urodynamics; relevant because active UTI may alter results and require postponement.
`N94.89`	Other specified conditions associated with female genital organs and menstrual cycle	May be used for pelvic floor dysfunction presentations where urodynamics are part of evaluation.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`51784`	Complex cystometrogram (e.g., multichannel; with pressure measurements and filling and voiding phases)	Often performed before or with `51797` as part of a complete multichannel urodynamic evaluation; provides filling phase data complementary to voiding pressures.
`51726`	Noninvasive uroflowmetry, maximum flow rate; single channel, without pressure measurements	May be performed prior to or alongside `51797` to document voided volume and flow rate.
`51741`	Cystometrogram, single channel	A simpler filling study that may precede or be part of urodynamic testing when full multichannel testing is not required.
`51792`	Electromyography (EMG) studies of pelvic floor function	Often performed concurrently with `51797` to assess sphincter activity during voiding and correlate with detrusor pressures.
`52000`	Cystourethroscopy (separate procedure code)	May be performed before or after urodynamics in the diagnostic workup to visualize urethral/bladder pathology related to leakage or obstruction.
`51701`	Insertion of needle electrode into external urethral sphincter for EMG	Used when needle EMG is indicated as part of the urodynamic assessment alongside voiding pressure measurements.

CPT 51725: Cystometrogram — Bladder Pressure and Capacity Test

CPT-51726-CYSTOMETRY-BLADDER-PRESSURE-TESTING

CPT 51726: Cystometry for Bladder Capacity and Pressure Measurement

CPT-51727-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-URETHRAL-PRESSURE-PROFILE

CPT 51727: Complex Cystometrogram with Urethral Pressure Profile

CPT-51728-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-VOIDING-PRESSURE-STUDIES

CPT 51728: Complex Cystometrogram with Voiding Pressure Studies

CPT-51729-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-VOIDING-URETHRAL-PRESSURE-PROFILE

CPT 51729: Complex Cystometrogram with Voiding and Urethral Pressure Studies

CPT-51736-UROFLOWMETRY-URODYNAMIC-FLOW-STUDY

CPT 51736: Uroflowmetry (Urodynamic Flow Study)

CPT-51741-UROFLOWMETRY-URINARY-FLOW-MEASUREMENT

CPT 51741: Uroflowmetry (Urinary Flow Measurement)

CPT-51784-ANAL-OR-URETHRAL-SPHINCTER-ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY-TESTING

CPT 51784: Anal or Urethral Sphincter Electrical Activity Testing

CPT-51785-ANAL-URETHRAL-SPHINCTER-ELECTROMYOGRAPHY

CPT 51785: Electromyography of Anal or Urethral Sphincter

CPT-51792-SPHINCTER-ELECTROMYOGRAPHY-ANAL-URETHRAL

CPT 51792: Electromyography of Anal or Urethral Sphincter Muscles

Showing 1–10 of 11

Frequently Asked Questions

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.

Published by

Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Modifier	Description	When to Use
`26`	Professional component	Use when billing only the physician interpretation/report for the urodynamic study separate from the technical component.
`TC`	Technical component	Use when billing only the facility/technical portion (equipment, supplies, technologist) for the urodynamic testing.
`52`	Reduced services	Use when the urodynamic study was partially reduced or not completed as planned but still performed.
`53`	Discontinued procedure	Use when the urodynamic test was started but discontinued for patient safety or intolerance.
`59`	Distinct procedural service	Use when `51797` is a separate, distinct service from another procedure on the same date (ensure documentation supports distinctness).
`76`	Repeat procedure by same physician	Use if `51797` is repeated later the same day by the same physician due to an incomplete initial attempt.
`77`	Repeat procedure by another physician	Use if another physician repeats `51797` on the same date.
`78`	Unplanned return to the OR/procedure room after initial procedure for a related procedure	Use only if an unplanned return to a procedure room is required to repeat or manage complications of the urodynamic procedure.
`62`	Two surgeons	Rare for this procedure; use if two qualified providers of different specialties actively participate and documentation supports it.
`LT`	Left side / `RT`	Not typically applicable to `51797` but available in the modifier set for laterality reporting when required.

Taxonomy Code	Specialty	Notes
208800000X	Urology	Urologists commonly perform and interpret urodynamics including voiding pressure studies.
263Q00000X	Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS)	Specialists who evaluate pelvic floor dysfunction and incontinence frequently perform urodynamics.
207Q00000X	Physiatry (Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation)	Physiatrists may perform urodynamic testing for neurogenic bladder evaluation.
363LP0800X	Clinical Laboratory Technologist/Technician (Urodynamics technologist)	Technical staff performing the study and acquiring tracings; use for billing taxonomy of technical providers.
208M00000X	Obstetrics & Gynecology	Gynecologists with urogynecology practice may perform or order `51797` studies.

Related Diagnoses

ICD-10 Code	Description	Clinical Relevance
`N39.3`	Stress incontinence (female)	Direct indication for voiding pressure measurement to quantify leak point pressure and characterize stress urinary incontinence.
`N39.41`	Urge incontinence	Voiding pressure testing helps identify detrusor overactivity contributing to urgency urinary incontinence.
`N32.9`	Neurogenic bladder, unspecified	Urodynamics including `51797` evaluate detrusor-sphincter function in suspected neurogenic bladder.
`R32`	Unspecified urinary retention	Voiding pressure studies assess outlet obstruction or poor detrusor contractility in retention.
`N13.8`	Other obstructive and reflux uropathy	Used when evaluating possible bladder outlet obstruction contributing to elevated voiding pressures.
`N39.0`	Urinary tract infection	Often excluded or treated before urodynamics; relevant because active UTI may alter results and require postponement.
`N94.89`	Other specified conditions associated with female genital organs and menstrual cycle	May be used for pelvic floor dysfunction presentations where urodynamics are part of evaluation.

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code	Description	Relationship to This Procedure
`51784`	Complex cystometrogram (e.g., multichannel; with pressure measurements and filling and voiding phases)	Often performed before or with `51797` as part of a complete multichannel urodynamic evaluation; provides filling phase data complementary to voiding pressures.
`51726`	Noninvasive uroflowmetry, maximum flow rate; single channel, without pressure measurements	May be performed prior to or alongside `51797` to document voided volume and flow rate.
`51741`	Cystometrogram, single channel	A simpler filling study that may precede or be part of urodynamic testing when full multichannel testing is not required.
`51792`	Electromyography (EMG) studies of pelvic floor function	Often performed concurrently with `51797` to assess sphincter activity during voiding and correlate with detrusor pressures.
`52000`	Cystourethroscopy (separate procedure code)	May be performed before or after urodynamics in the diagnostic workup to visualize urethral/bladder pathology related to leakage or obstruction.
`51701`	Insertion of needle electrode into external urethral sphincter for EMG	Used when needle EMG is indicated as part of the urodynamic assessment alongside voiding pressure measurements.

CPT 51725: Cystometrogram — Bladder Pressure and Capacity Test

CPT-51726-CYSTOMETRY-BLADDER-PRESSURE-TESTING

CPT 51726: Cystometry for Bladder Capacity and Pressure Measurement

CPT-51727-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-URETHRAL-PRESSURE-PROFILE

CPT 51727: Complex Cystometrogram with Urethral Pressure Profile

CPT-51728-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-VOIDING-PRESSURE-STUDIES

CPT 51728: Complex Cystometrogram with Voiding Pressure Studies

CPT-51729-COMPLEX-CYSTOMETROGRAM-VOIDING-URETHRAL-PRESSURE-PROFILE

CPT 51729: Complex Cystometrogram with Voiding and Urethral Pressure Studies

CPT-51736-UROFLOWMETRY-URODYNAMIC-FLOW-STUDY

CPT 51736: Uroflowmetry (Urodynamic Flow Study)

CPT-51741-UROFLOWMETRY-URINARY-FLOW-MEASUREMENT

CPT 51741: Uroflowmetry (Urinary Flow Measurement)

CPT-51784-ANAL-OR-URETHRAL-SPHINCTER-ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY-TESTING

CPT 51784: Anal or Urethral Sphincter Electrical Activity Testing

CPT-51785-ANAL-URETHRAL-SPHINCTER-ELECTROMYOGRAPHY

CPT 51785: Electromyography of Anal or Urethral Sphincter

CPT-51792-SPHINCTER-ELECTROMYOGRAPHY-ANAL-URETHRAL

CPT 51792: Electromyography of Anal or Urethral Sphincter Muscles

Showing 1–10 of 11

Frequently Asked Questions

References

1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.
2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.
3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Jul 29, 2026.

Published by

Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

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CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

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Billing Code Overview

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CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

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Billing Code Overview

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

References

CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

Sign up for cpt 51797 policy alerts

Billing Code Overview

CPT 51797: Voiding Pressure (Urodynamic) Measurement

Sign up for cpt 51797 policy alerts

Billing Code Overview

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

What clinical procedure does CPT 51797 represent and where is it typically performed?

Which billing modifiers apply to CPT 51797 and when are they used?

What related CPT codes are commonly performed with 51797?

What diagnoses support the medical necessity of performing 51797?

Which payers are referenced for coverage considerations and what documentation elements are highlighted?

References

Clinical & Coding Specifications

Clinical Context

Coding Specifications

Related Diagnoses

Related CPT Codes

Related Codes

What clinical procedure does CPT 51797 represent and where is it typically performed?

Which billing modifiers apply to CPT 51797 and when are they used?

What related CPT codes are commonly performed with 51797?

What diagnoses support the medical necessity of performing 51797?

Which payers are referenced for coverage considerations and what documentation elements are highlighted?

References