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    OpenPayerBilling CodesLaparoscopic Procedures on the KidneyCPT cpt-50542-laparoscopic-renal-mass-ablation-cryo-radiofrequency
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    CPT 50542: Laparoscopic Destruction of Renal Mass Lesion(s)

    Medicare pays $1062 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 50542 describes laparoscopic destruction of renal mass lesion(s) using ablative techniques such as cryoablation (freezing) or radiofrequency ablation (focused radio waves to burn) and represents a minimally invasive surgical ablative procedure performed via a laparoscopic approach; service type: laparoscopic renal mass ablation; typical site of service: hospital outpatient department or ambulatory surgery center.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a 58-year-old with an incidentally discovered 2.5–4.0 cm renal cortical mass on abdominal imaging. The patient has preserved renal function but wishes to avoid radical nephrectomy. Preoperative workup includes contrast-enhanced CT or MRI to characterize the lesion, basic labs including renal function and coagulation studies, and anesthetic evaluation for laparoscopic surgery. The urologist schedules a minimally invasive laparoscopic renal mass ablation procedure using either cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation under general anesthesia. Intraoperative workflow: patient positioned in lateral decubitus, laparoscopic ports placed, lesion localized with intraoperative ultrasound or fluoroscopy, and ablation probes placed into the mass. Hemostasis is confirmed, and ports are removed with standard closure. Postoperative care includes monitoring for bleeding, pain control, assessment of urine output and renal function, discharge instructions, and imaging follow-up (typically contrast CT or MRI at 3–6 months) to assess treatment completeness and detect recurrence. Typical sites of service are an ambulatory surgical center or hospital operating room. The service type is a surgical therapeutic, minimally invasive ablative procedure.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    50540Laparoscopy, kidney; surgical, for excision of tumor (partial nephrectomy)Alternative laparoscopic kidney procedure when tumor excision (partial nephrectomy) is performed instead of ablative destruction.
    50541Laparoscopy, kidney; surgical, cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous or open approach (separate from 50542)Related ablative technique codes for non-laparoscopic (percutaneous or open) approaches; useful when approach differs from laparoscopic.
    76942Ultrasonic guidance for percutaneous proceduresUsed if intraoperative ultrasound guidance is separately reported for lesion localization and probe placement during ablation.
    74470Computed tomography, abdomen and pelvis; without contrast, with contrast, and delayed phases (CT renal protocol)Preoperative or postoperative imaging to characterize lesion and assess treatment response; often part of the clinical workflow (imaging billed separately).
    20982Ablation, cryoablation, of bone tumor; when applicable (example of ablative technique CPT family)Represents other ablative procedure codes in CPT family for reference; demonstrates similar coding principles for ablation technologies.

    Related Modifiers

    12 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    66Modifier 66 (Surgical Team) is used when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons on a single, highly complex procedure. The AMA defines it for use when a surgical team — often composed of…- Use modifier 66 when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons working collaboratively as a surgical team on a single, highly complex or difficult procedure (for example organ…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…

    Showing 1–10 of 12

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    208800000X
    207T00000X
    163W00000X
    363A00000X
    261QP2300X
    246ZN0300X
    3336S0011X
    332100000X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-50541-LAPAROSCOPIC-RENAL-CYST-ABLATION-CRYO-RFA

    CPT 50541: Laparoscopic Destruction of Renal Cysts

    CPT-50543-LAPAROSCOPIC-PARTIAL-NEPHRECTOMY

    CPT 50543: Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

    CPT-50544-PYELOPLASTY-URETEROPELVIC-JUNCTION-REPAIR

    CPT 50544: Pyeloplasty to Repair Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

    CPT-50545-RADICAL-NEPHRECTOMY-KIDNEY-AND-SURROUNDING-STRUCTURES

    CPT 50545: Radical Nephrectomy Including Gerota's Fascia

    CPT-50546-LAPAROSCOPIC-NEPHRECTOMY-WITH-PARTIAL-URETERECTOMY

    CPT 50546: Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy with Partial Ureter Removal

    CPT-50547-LAPAROSCOPIC-DONOR-NEPHRECTOMY-COLD-PRESERVATION

    CPT 50547: Laparoscopic Living Donor Nephrectomy

    CPT-50548-LAPAROSCOPIC-NEPHROURETERECTOMY-KIDNEY-AND-URETER-REMOVAL

    CPT 50548: Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy

    CPT-50549-LAPAROSCOPIC-RENAL-UNLISTED-PROCEDURE

    CPT 50549: Laparoscopic Renal Procedure, Unlisted

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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