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    OpenPayerBilling CodesAnesthesia for Procedures on the Knee and Popliteal AreaCPT cpt-01400-anesthesia-for-knee-surgery-open-or-arthroscopic
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    CPT 01400: Anesthesia for Open or Arthroscopic Knee Procedure

    Commercial payers pay $96 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 01400 represents anesthesia services provided for a patient undergoing an open or arthroscopic procedure on the knee joint, typically delivered as intraoperative anesthesia for surgical knee procedures; service type: anesthesia for knee surgery; typical site of service: hospital operating room or ambulatory surgical center.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Dental Anesthesia Services, Anesthesia Services for Interventional Pain Management Procedures in an Adult, General Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation Services.

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    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    National commercial rates for CPT 01400 cluster around BUCA’s average commercial benchmark of $96.40, with notable variation by insurer. Blue Cross Blue Shield carries a lower central tendency (median $67.60) while Aetna shows the highest median ($156.90) and largest high-end behavior (max $532.30). Cigna (median $84.40) and UnitedHealth Group (median $64.00) sit nearer BUCA’s center but with different spread characteristics that affect predictability for contracted rates.

    Measuring dispersion as the P75–P25 spread highlights where rates are tightest or widest: Blue Cross Blue Shield’s spread is $46.20 (P75 $104.00 minus P25 $52.80), UnitedHealth Group’s spread is $30.90 (P75 $81.10 minus P25 $52.00), and Aetna’s spread is $125.30 (P75 $230.10 minus P25 $104.80). Cigna’s spread is $40.50 and BUCA’s interquartile span is $57.20, making Aetna the widest and UnitedHealth Group the tightest in dispersion.

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    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 58-year-old patient presents with progressive right knee pain, mechanical symptoms, and limited function. Imaging confirms a meniscal tear with early osteoarthritic changes (S83.241A, M17.11). The orthopedic surgeon schedules an arthroscopic knee procedure (meniscectomy and chondroplasty). The anesthesiology team provides anesthesia for the open or arthroscopic knee procedure billed with 01400. Typical workflow: preoperative evaluation by anesthesia (medical history, airway assessment, ASA classification, and informed consent); intraoperative management (general anesthesia with endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway, or monitored anesthesia care with regional blockade such as femoral nerve block or adductor canal block); documentation of anesthetic start and end times, agents used, airway device, monitoring, and intraoperative events; postoperative handoff to PACU with multimodal analgesia plan and documentation of recovery and complications. Typical site of service is an outpatient ambulatory surgery center or hospital operating room. Typical service type is provision of anesthesia care for knee arthroscopy or open knee surgery.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    29877Arthroscopy, knee, surgical; debridement/shaving of articular cartilage (chondroplasty)

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    23Modifier -23 (Unusual Anesthesia) is used on anesthesia service CPT codes when a procedure that normally requires no anesthesia or only local anesthesia must be performed under general anesthesia…- Use modifier -23 only on anesthesia CPT codes (00100–01999) when a procedure that normally requires no anesthesia or only local anesthesia must be performed under general anesthesia because of…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207L00000X
    367H00000X
    367500000X
    331L00000X
    332B00000X
    2084P0005X
    332G00000X
    207QD0401X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    18 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    M00.261Other streptococcal arthritis, right knee
    M15.9Polyosteoarthritis, unspecified
    M17.0Bilateral primary osteoarthritis of knee
    M17.11Unilateral primary osteoarthritis, right knee
    M17.12Unilateral primary osteoarthritis, left knee
    M17.9Osteoarthritis of knee, unspecified
    M22.40Chondromalacia patellae, unspecified knee
    M22.41Chondromalacia patellae, right knee
    M22.42Chondromalacia patellae, left knee
    M23.50Chronic instability of knee, unspecified knee

    Showing 1–10 of 18

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Anesthesiology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Dental Anesthesia ServicesProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Anesthesia Services for Interventional Pain Management Procedures in an AdultCigna2026-09-15
    General Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation ServicesUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Elective Inpatient Services (for Idaho Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-06-01
    Sites of Servicepriority health2026-06-01
    Coverage for Ambulatory Surgery Unit (ASU)/Outpatient Facility and Anesthesia for Dental Servicesuniverahealthcare2026-05-21

    Related Codes

    CPT-01320-ANESTHESIA-FOR-KNEE-POPLITEAL-SOFT-TISSUE-PROCEDURES

    CPT 01320: Anesthesia for Procedures on Knee and Popliteal Area

    CPT-01340-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-PROCEDURE-LOWER-THIRD-FEMUR

    CPT 01340: Anesthesia for Closed Procedure of Lower One-Third of Femur

    CPT-01360-ANESTHESIA-OPEN-PROCEDURE-LOWER-FEMUR

    CPT 01360: Anesthesia for Open Procedure on Lower Femur

    CPT-01380-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-KNEE-PROCEDURE

    CPT 01380: Anesthesia for Closed Procedure of Knee Joint

    CPT-01382-ANESTHESIA-DIAGNOSTIC-ARTHROSCOPY-KNEE

    CPT 01382: Anesthesia for Diagnostic Arthroscopic Procedure of Knee

    CPT-01390-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-PROCEDURE-TIBIA-FIBULA-PATELLA

    CPT 01390: Anesthesia for Closed Procedure of Upper Tibia/Fibula/Patella

    CPT-01392-ANESTHESIA-OPEN-PROCEDURE-UPPER-TIBIA-FIBULA-PATELLA

    CPT 01392: Anesthesia for Open Upper Tibia/Fibula/Patella Procedure

    CPT-01402-ANESTHESIA-TOTAL-KNEE-ARTHROPLASTY

    CPT 01402: Anesthesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty

    CPT-01404-ANESTHESIA-FOR-KNEE-JOINT-SURGERY

    CPT 01404: Anesthesia for Open or Arthroscopic Knee Procedure

    CPT-01420-ANESTHESIA-FOR-KNEE-INCLUDING-CAST-APPLICATION-REMOVAL-REPAIR

    CPT 01420: Anesthesia for Application/Removal/Repair of Knee-Including Cast

    Showing 1–10 of 15

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    Common arthroscopic procedure performed during knee surgery for cartilage lesions; anesthesia 01400 covers anesthetic care for this procedure.
    29880Arthroscopy, knee, surgical; with meniscectomy (medial AND lateral, including any meniscal shaving) including debridement/shaving of articular cartilage (chondroplasty)More extensive arthroscopic meniscectomy often performed for complex or combined meniscal pathology; anesthesia services billed under 01400 for intraoperative care.
    29881Arthroscopy, knee, surgical; with meniscectomy (medial OR lateral, including any meniscal shaving) including debridement/shaving of articular cartilage (chondroplasty)Commonly paired with 01400 when a single-compartment meniscectomy is performed; impacts anesthetic time and analgesic plan.
    64447Injection(s), anesthetic agent(s) and/or steroid; femoral nerve, including imaging guidance, when performedRegional nerve block frequently used as adjunct for intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia; may be performed by anesthesia or proceduralist and documented alongside 01400 when performed by anesthesia provider.