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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesAnesthesia for Intrathoracic ProceduresCPT cpt-00560-cardiothoracic-anesthesia-no-bypass
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    CPT 00560: Anesthesia for Heart, Pericardium, and Great Vessels (No Oxygenator)

    Commercial payers pay $73 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 00560 describes anesthesia services provided for intrathoracic procedures involving the heart, pericardium, and great vessels (for example the aorta and major pulmonary vessels) when the patient does not require a pump oxygenator; service type: cardiac/thoracic anesthesia; typical site of service: operating room or cardiac surgical suite for intrathoracic procedures without cardiopulmonary bypass.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use Disorders, Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use Disorders, Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use Disorders.

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    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    National commercial rates for CPT 00560 cluster around the BUCA average commercial of $73.00, with notable variation among major carriers. Blue Cross Blue Shield shows a relatively tight interquartile spread (P75–P25 = $33.50), while Aetna presents a much wider spread (P75–P25 = $78.90). Cigna’s spread is $53.40 and UnitedHealth Group’s spread is $28.80, placing UnitedHealth Group among the tightest and Aetna the widest in terms of middle-50% dispersion.

    Median and mean differences also highlight variation: Cigna and Aetna have similar mean rates near $92, but Cigna’s median ($85.70) is higher than Blue Cross Blue Shield’s median ($56.20) and UnitedHealth Group’s median ($64.00). Payer-specific maximums extend highest for Aetna at $280.70 and remain more constrained for UnitedHealth Group at $122.70, underscoring divergent upper-end contract outcomes across carriers.

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    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 72-year-old male with known atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (I25.10), chronic heart failure (I50.9), and symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (I35.0) is scheduled for open-heart valve repair or replacement and possible concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting. The perioperative team includes a cardiovascular surgeon, an anesthesiologist with cardiothoracic experience, perfusionists on standby (not activated for this case), and intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography support. The patient presents from the preoperative holding area after standard preoperative evaluation, medication reconciliation, and risk stratification. General endotracheal anesthesia is induced, invasive arterial and central venous monitoring are placed, and transesophageal echocardiography is used for hemodynamic assessment. The procedure involves direct operative work on the heart, pericardium, and great vessels without initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (no pump oxygenator). The anesthesiologist documents pre-induction assessment, induction agents, maintenance anesthetics, hemodynamic management, invasive line placement, TEE findings, blood product use, and emergence care. Postoperative transfer is to the cardiovascular intensive care unit for continued hemodynamic monitoring and ventilatory weaning.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    23Modifier -23 (Unusual Anesthesia) is used on anesthesia service CPT codes when a procedure that normally requires no anesthesia or only local anesthesia must be performed under general anesthesia…- Use modifier -23 only on anesthesia CPT codes (00100–01999) when a procedure that normally requires no anesthesia or only local anesthesia must be performed under general anesthesia because of…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy CodeSpecialtyNotes
    207L00000XAnesthesiology PhysicianAn anesthesiologist is trained to provide pain relief and maintenance, or restoration, of a stable condition during and immediately following an opera…
    207RC0000XCardiovascular Disease PhysicianAn internist who specializes in diseases of the heart and blood vessels and manages complex cardiac conditions such as heart attacks and life-threaten…
    207RG0300XGeriatric Medicine (Internal Medicine) PhysicianAn internist who has special knowledge of the aging process and special skills in the diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive and rehabilitative aspects o…
    204F00000XTransplant Surgery PhysicianA surgeon who specializes in transplant surgery.
    261QM1101XMilitary and U.S. Coast Guard Ambulatory Procedure Clinic/CenterThat part of a "fixed" (non-temporary, non-deployed) DoD or Coast Guard entity furnishing surgical procedures requiring medically supervised recovery.…
    222Z00000XOrthotistA health care professional who is specifically educated and trained to manage comprehensive orthotic patient care, including musculoskeletal and neuro…
    246XC2901XCardiovascular Invasive Specialist/TechnologistA cardiovascular invasive specialist/technologist monitors patients’ heart rates and helps physicians in diagnosing and treating heart problems. They …
    2084V0102XVascular Neurology PhysicianVascular Neurology is a subspecialty in the evaluation, prevention, treatment and recovery from vascular diseases of the nervous system. This subspeci…

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    24 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    I21.3ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of unspecified site
    I21.4Non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction
    I21.9Acute myocardial infarction, unspecified
    I22.0Subsequent ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of anterior wall
    I25.10Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris
    I25.110Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with unstable angina pectoris
    I25.9Chronic ischemic heart disease, unspecified
    I26.99Other pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
    I33.0Acute and subacute infective endocarditis
    I34.0Nonrheumatic mitral (valve) insufficiency

    Showing 1–10 of 24

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Anesthesiology1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Elective Inpatient Services (for Idaho Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-06-01
    Sites of Servicepriority health2026-06-01
    Coverage for Ambulatory Surgery Unit (ASU)/Outpatient Facility and Anesthesia for Dental Servicesuniverahealthcare2026-05-21
    Mm_0579_Coveragepositioncriteria_Anesthesia_Services_Selected_Nerve_BlocksCigna2026-05-15
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric DisordersBlue Cross Blue Shield - North Carolina2026-04-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric DisordersBlue Cross Blue Shield - North Carolina2026-04-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-00500-ANESTHESIA-ESOPHAGUS-PROCEDURE

    CPT 00500: Anesthesia for Esophageal Procedure

    CPT-00520-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-CHEST-BRONCHOSCOPY

    CPT 00520: Anesthesia for Closed Chest Procedures, Bronchoscopy

    CPT-00522-NEEDLE-PLEURAL-BIOPSY-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-CHEST

    CPT 00522: Anesthesia for Pleural Needle Biopsy

    CPT-00524-ANESTHESIA-CLOSED-CHEST-PNEUMOCENTESIS

    CPT 00524: Anesthesia for Closed-Chest Pneumocentesis

    CPT-00528-ANESTHESIA-MEDIASTINOSCOPY-DIAGNOSTIC-THORACOSCOPY

    CPT 00528: Anesthesia for Mediastinoscopy and Diagnostic Thoracoscopy

    CPT-00529-ANESTHESIA-MEDIASTINOSCOPY-ONE-LUNG-VENTILATION

    CPT 00529: Anesthesia for Mediastinoscopy/Thoracoscopy with One-Lung Ventilation

    CPT-00530-ANESTHESIA-PERMANENT-TRANSVENOUS-PACEMAKER-INSERTION

    CPT 00530: Anesthesia for Permanent Transvenous Pacemaker Insertion

    CPT-00532-ANESTHESIA-FOR-CENTRAL-VENOUS-ACCESS

    CPT 00532: Anesthesia for Central Venous Access

    CPT-00534-ANESTHESIA-FOR-TRANSVENOUS-CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR-INSERTION

    CPT 00534: Anesthesia for Transvenous Cardioverter–Defibrillator Insertion

    CPT-00537-CARDIAC-ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY-ANESTHESIA

    CPT 00537: Anesthesia for Cardiac Electrophysiology Procedures

    Showing 1–10 of 23

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    00550
    Anesthesia for intrathoracic procedures involving removing dead or damaged tissue from the breastbone.
    May be billed for anesthesia services when intrathoracic exposure involves sternal debridement or related intrathoracic access procedures.
    00561Anesthesia for intrathoracic procedures involving the heart, sac around the heart, and great vessels, with pump oxygenator for patients younger than a year old.Related code when cardiopulmonary bypass with pump oxygenator is used in neonatal patients; distinguishes presence of pump oxygenator and patient age.
    00563Anesthesia for intrathoracic procedures involving the heart, sac around the heart, and great vessels with pump oxygenator and hypothermic circulatory arrest.Related when surgery requires cardiopulmonary bypass plus hypothermic circulatory arrest; indicates more complex physiology requiring specialized anesthesia management.