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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesDiseases and Disorders of the Hepatobiliary System and PancreasDRG 444-disorders-of-the-biliary-tract-with-mcc
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    Disorders of the Biliary Tract with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    DRG 444 encompasses inpatient admissions for disorders of the biliary tract with a Major Complication or Comorbidity; it includes conditions such as complicated cholecystitis and biliary sepsis that drive higher resource needs. Accurate assignment of this Diagnosis-Related Group is important for inpatient reimbursement because the Major Complication or Comorbidity status increases payment under the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services prospective payment methodology.

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    DRG 444 Overview

    DRG 444 covers inpatient hospital cases for disorders of the biliary tract with a Major Complication or Comorbidity and typically includes severe acute cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice with major systemic impact, or complicated biliary sepsis requiring significant resources. This Diagnosis-Related Group matters for Medicare payment because the presence of a Major Complication or Comorbidity increases relative resource use and influences case reimbursement under the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services inpatient prospective payment system. Hospital coding and documentation that support the Major Complication or Comorbidity designation affect payment assignment and billing accuracy. The grouping reflects higher expected intensity of care, longer lengths of stay, and greater use of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

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    Clinical Trials

    • Acute interventional trials evaluating endoscopic or percutaneous procedures for obstructive biliary conditions: These studies focus on patients hospitalized with biliary tract disorders complicated by acute cholangitis, biliary obstruction, or sepsis-level presentations and compare timing, techniques, or adjunctive peri-procedural management for biliary decompression (for example, early vs delayed ERCP/timing of percutaneous drainage). Research in this area addresses emergency management decisions that directly affect in-hospital morbidity, length of stay, ICU utilization, and resource use, making findings highly relevant to clinicians treating acute presentations and to payers concerned with hospitalization costs and readmission risk.
    • Comparative effectiveness studies of surgical strategies and perioperative care for complicated biliary disease with major complications: These trials enroll patients who require operative management for severe biliary disorders (such as complicated gallstone disease with necrosis, gangrene, or bile duct injury) and compare approaches like open versus minimally invasive procedures, timing of definitive surgery (index operation vs staged approach), and standardized enhanced recovery protocols. This research helps define which surgical and perioperative pathways reduce postoperative complications, intensive-care needs, and prolonged stays—outcomes that influence DRG reimbursement drivers and guide provider pathways for high-risk inpatients.
    • Post-discharge outcomes and health services research on recurrence, readmission, and long-term complications after severe biliary events: These observational cohort studies and pragmatic trials follow patients discharged after an episode classified as a biliary tract disorder with major complication to assess rates of recurrent biliary events, cholangitis, biliary strictures, quality of life, and downstream utilization (readmissions, outpatient procedures, long-term interventions). Findings inform care-transition practices, allocation of outpatient surveillance resources, and payer strategies for reducing costly readmissions and chronic complications among a population with high post-hospitalization resource needs.

    Related Codes

    405-PANCREAS-LIVER-AND-SHUNT-PROCEDURES-WITH-MCC

    Pancreas, Liver and Shunt Procedures with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    406-PANCREAS-LIVER-AND-SHUNT-PROCEDURES-WITH-CC

    Pancreas, Liver and Shunt Procedures with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    407-PANCREAS-LIVER-AND-SHUNT-PROCEDURES-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Pancreas, Liver and Shunt Procedures without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    408-BILIARY-TRACT-PROCEDURES-EXCEPT-ONLY-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-OR-WITHOUT-C-D-E-WITH-MCC

    Biliary Tract Procedures Except Only Cholecystectomy with or without C.D.E. with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    409-BILIARY-TRACT-PROCEDURES-EXCEPT-ONLY-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-OR-WITHOUT-C-D-E-WITH-CC

    Biliary Tract Procedures Except Only Cholecystectomy with or without C.D.E. with CC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    410-BILIARY-TRACT-PROCEDURES-EXCEPT-ONLY-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-OR-WITHOUT-C-D-E-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Biliary Tract Procedures Except Only Cholecystectomy with or without C.D.E.: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    411-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-C-D-E-WITH-MCC

    Cholecystectomy with C.D.E. with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    412-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-C-D-E-WITH-CC

    Cholecystectomy with Common Duct Exploration with Complication or Comorbidity: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    413-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-WITH-C-D-E-WITHOUT-CC-MCC

    Cholecystectomy with C.D.E. without CC/MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

    414-CHOLECYSTECTOMY-EXCEPT-BY-LAPAROSCOPE-WITHOUT-C-D-E-WITH-MCC

    Cholecystectomy Except by Laparoscope without C.D.E. with MCC: Inpatient Reimbursement Overview

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    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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