Cosmetic and Reconstructive Procedures
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Defines medical necessity criteria, exclusions, and supporting CPT/HCPCS codes for cosmetic and reconstructive procedures for Ambetter Nevada members; applies to providers submitting claims and prior authorization requests.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Medical Necessity and Coverage Rules
Medically necessary reconstructive procedures
Reconstructive procedures are considered medically necessary when ALL of the following are met:
Includes requirement for documented diagnoses of HIV/AIDS and facial lipodystrophy syndrome when applicable (see policy note).
Photographs should be included when relevant to support medical necessity.
Not medically necessary (cosmetic) procedures
Cosmetic surgery is not medically necessary and generally not covered when performed to improve a patient's normal appearance. Examples include (but are not limited to):
List is illustrative, not exhaustive.
General Coverage Criteria
Policy covers reconstructive procedures when medically necessary and excludes cosmetic procedures except specified reconstructive indications
Policy distinguishes 'cosmetic procedures' from 'reconstructive procedures' and references Decision Support Criteria where applicable.
Not Medically Necessary — Examples
Explicit not medically necessary items called out in revision notes
These examples were added or clarified in revision history.
Conservative Therapy Requirement
Conservative therapy requirement
Providers must document prior conservative measures when required; policy wording clarified in revisions.
When a health plan has adopted nationally recognized decision support criteria, this policy is not the primary resource for coverage determinations. In those cases, providers and reviewers should follow the plan-specific decision support rules instead of the criteria in this document.
Breast reconstruction following excision of fibroadenomas or other benign breast lesions is included among procedures listed as not medically necessary unless the procedure is determined to be medically necessary according to applicable decision support criteria. Providers requesting coverage for reconstruction in these situations must document how the request meets the plan’s decision support criteria.
The policy lists numerous procedures that are considered not medically necessary (cosmetic) when performed solely to improve normal appearance. Representative examples include: excision of excessive skin, body contouring/body lift, breast augmentation, liposuction (except lipoma per decision support), abdominoplasty, dermabrasion/skin resurfacing, hair transplantation (unless for disease- or injury-related permanent hair loss), tattooing (except post-mastectomy reconstruction), injectable fillers, and related procedures. The list is illustrative, not exhaustive; services only to improve appearance are generally excluded from coverage.
Mastopexy (breast lift) is identified as not medically necessary except when performed as part of specified reconstructive indications. Covered exceptions include mastopexy performed for breast reconstruction post-mastectomy, when done following a medically necessary lumpectomy, or when required to correct breast asymmetry caused by another medically necessary breast surgery. Requests outside these reconstructive indications may be denied.
CPT / HCPCS Codes and Coding Details
| 11200 | Removal of skin tags, multiple fibrocutaneous tags, any area; up to and including 15 lesions. |
| 11201 | Removal of skin tags, multiple fibrocutaneous tags, any area; each additional 10 lesions, or part thereof. |
| 11400 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11401 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm. |
| 11402 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm. |
| 11403 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm. |
| 11404 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm. |
| 11406 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter over 4.0 cm. |
| 11420 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11421 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm. |
| 11422 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm. |
| 11423 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm. |
| 11424 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm. |
| 11426 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter over 4.0 cm. |
| 11440 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag, face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11920 | Tattooing, intradermal introduction of insoluble opaque pigments to correct color defects of skin, including micropigmentation; 6.0 sq cm or less. |
| 15773 | Grafting of autologous fat harvested by liposuction technique to face, eyelids, mouth, neck, ears, orbits, genitalia, hands, and/or feet; 25 cc or less injectate. |
| 15774 | Grafting of autologous fat harvested by liposuction technique to face, eyelids, mouth, neck, ears, orbits, genitalia, hands, and/or feet; each additional 25 cc injectate. |
| 15788 | Chemical peel, facial; epidermal. |
| 15789 | Chemical peel, facial; dermal. |
| 15830 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); abdomen, infraumbilical panniculectomy. |
| 15832 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); thigh. |
| 15833 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); leg. |
| 15834 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); hip. |
| 15835 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); buttock. |
| 15836 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); arm. |
| 15837 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy); forearm or hand. |
| 15220 | Full thickness graft, free, including direct closure of donor site, scalp, arms, and/or legs; 20 sq cm or less. |
| 15771 | Grafting of autologous fat harvested by liposuction technique to trunk, breasts, scalp, arms, and/or legs; 50 cc or less injectate. |
| 15847 | Excision, excessive skin and subcutaneous tissue (includes lipectomy), abdomen (eg, abdominoplasty) (includes umbilical transposition and fascial plication). |
| 15876 | Suction assisted lipectomy; head and neck. |
| 17110 | Destruction (eg, laser surgery, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemosurgery, surgical curettement), of benign lesions other than skin tags or cutaneous vascular proliferative lesions; up to 14 lesions. |
| 17111 | Destruction (eg, laser surgery, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemosurgery, surgical curettement), of benign lesions other than skin tags or cutaneous vascular proliferative lesions; 15 or more lesions. |
| 19301 | Mastectomy, partial (eg, lumpectomy, tylectomy, quadrantectomy, segmentectomy). |
| 19316 | Mastopexy. |
| 19318 | Breast reduction. |
| 19325 | Breast augmentation with implant. |
| 19328 | Removal of intact breast implant. |
| 19357 | Tissue expander placement in breast reconstruction, including subsequent expansion(s). |
| 19361 | Breast reconstruction; with latissimus dorsi flap. |
| 19364 | Breast reconstruction; with free flap (eg, fTRAM, DIEP, SIEA, GAP flap). |
| 19370 | Revision of peri-implant capsule, breast, including capsulotomy, capsulorrhaphy, and/or partial capsulectomy. |
| 19499 | Unlisted procedure, breast. |
| 21120 | Genioplasty; augmentation (autograft, allograft, prosthetic material). |
| 21137 | Reduction forehead; contouring only. |
| 21159 | Reconstruction midface, LeFort III (extra and intracranial) with forehead advancement; without LeFort I. |
| 21230 | Graft; rib cartilage, autogenous, to face, chin, nose or ear (includes obtaining graft). |
| 61550 | Craniectomy for craniosynostosis; single cranial suture. |
| 15220 | CPT code added (document reference) |
| 15221 | CPT code added (document reference) |
| 15771 | CPT code added |
| 15772 | CPT code added |
| 15775 | CPT code added |
| 15776 | CPT code added |
| 19318 | Breast CPT revised description in 2021 |
| 19324 | Breast CPT mentioned as revised |
| 19325 | Breast CPT revised description in 2021 |
| 19328 | Breast CPT revised description in 2021 |
Authorization, Documentation, and Billing Actions Required
Prior Authorization Required
Prior authorization is required for procedures and associated codes when coverage is requested. Providers must obtain prior authorization before scheduling or performing services listed in the policy and referenced code lists. Failure to obtain prior authorization may result in claim denial or delay.
- Applicable CPT and HCPCS codes listed in the policy (see coding sections)
- Contact Ambetter Nevada prior authorization processes and portals for submission requirements
Cosmetic Procedures Not Covered
Cosmetic procedures performed solely to improve a patient’s normal appearance and self‑esteem are not medically necessary and are generally not a covered benefit. Examples include (but are not limited to) breast augmentation, body contouring, liposuction (except as directed by clinical decision support criteria for lipoma), injectable fillers, tattooing (except post‑mastectomy nipple/areola tattooing), hair transplantation when not to correct disease‑related permanent hair loss, and other services listed under the policy.
Reconstructive Criteria Not Met — Risk of Denial
Requests for reconstructive services must demonstrate that the reconstructive criteria are met. Procedures intended to improve function of an abnormal body part caused by illness, trauma, or congenital defect must document intent and, when applicable, failure of conservative therapy (unless conservative therapy is not standard of care or is contraindicated). Absent documentation of intent, functional impairment, or prior conservative therapy where required, requests risk denial.
Not Medically Necessary Procedures May Be Denied
Procedures expressly listed as not medically necessary in the policy may be denied. Providers should review the policy’s not‑medically‑necessary list prior to submission and consider alternate diagnoses or documentation only when supported by clinical evidence or decision support criteria.
Documentation to Support Medical Necessity
Provide complete medical records to support medical necessity. Documentation should include relevant history, physical exam findings, prior conservative treatments and their outcomes, decision support criteria determinations when applicable, and clear indication of functional impairment or medical necessity. For reconstructive requests, include clinical photographs when applicable to document the condition and the need for reconstruction.
- Medical records showing failure of conservative therapy or rationale if conservative therapy is not appropriate
- Clinical photographs for reconstructive cases when applicable
- Reference decision support criteria documentation when used to justify medical necessity
Clinical Background
Reconstructive surgery is defined as surgery on abnormal structures of the body caused by congenital defects, developmental abnormalities, trauma, prior surgery, infection, tumors, or disease with the primary intent to improve function. These procedures may also restore appearance but are distinguished from cosmetic procedures, which reshape normal structures primarily to improve appearance and self‑esteem. The policy also notes reconstructive coverage for specific indications (for example, dermal fillers or autologous fat for HIV‑associated facial lipodystrophy) when documentation of the qualifying diagnosis is provided.
Definitions and Terminology
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