Loading...

    Explore
    • Policy Monitoring
    • Live Policy Feed
    • Billing Codes
    • Healthcare Providers
    • Health Insurance Payers
    • States
    • Service Lines
    • Taxonomy Codes
    Lookup tools
    • Billing Code Lookup
    • CPT Modifier Lookup
    • Provider Taxonomy Code Lookup
    • Healthcare Provider & Facility Lookup
    • Health Insurance Payer Lookup
    • Payer Contact Directory

    Policy & Benchmark Tools

    • Prior Authorization Lookup
    • Coverage Criteria Lookup
    • Timely Filing Lookup
    • Billing Code Reimbursement Rates
    • Payer Comparison Dashboard
    • Facility Comparison Dashboard
    • All tools

    Company

    • About OpenPayer
    • Data Sources
    • Trek Health
    OpenPayerby Trek Health
    LinkedInYouTube

    © 2026 Trek Health. All rights reserved.

    OpenPayer is built and maintained by Trek Health.

    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesRepair and/or Reconstruction Procedures on the BreastCPT cpt-19361-latissimus-dorsi-breast-reconstruction-flap
    Ask Trek AI about this page

    CPT 19361: Latissimus Dorsi Flap Breast Reconstruction

    Medicare pays $1405 and commercial payers pay $2122 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 19361 describes reconstruction of the breast contour using a flap of tissue and muscle harvested from behind the shoulder (latissimus dorsi flap) and sutured into the mastectomy or defect site to restore cosmetic appearance following a modified or radical mastectomy; service type: surgical breast reconstruction using a pedicled muscle flap; typical site of service: inpatient or outpatient surgical setting (hospital operating room or ambulatory surgery center).

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Removal of Implantable, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Surgical Procedures.

    Customize your policy alerts

    Sign up for cpt 19361 policy alerts

    Get alerted when payer policies referencing 19361 are released or updated.

    Monitor payer policy activity

    Receive email alerts as soon as relevant payer policies are published or updated.

    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    Commercial averages are generally above Medicare for CPT 19361: Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, UnitedHealth Group, Aetna and BUCA show mean rates well above Medicare’s mean of $1,404.90, with BUCA’s mean at $2,122.10 representing the average commercial level that is roughly $717.20 higher than Medicare. This gap highlights that Medicare remains a lower baseline payer for this code compared with major commercial plans.

    Dispersion differs notably by payer. Calculating P75 minus P25, Aetna’s interquartile spread is $1,264.00, Blue Cross Blue Shield’s is $1,355.50, Cigna’s is $1,812.80, UnitedHealth Group’s is $1,721.60, and BUCA’s is $1,460.30. Cigna shows the widest IQR, indicating the greatest middle-range variability, while Aetna is the tightest of the listed commercial payers on an IQR basis.

    Table of contents

    Progress1 / 9

    Explore openpayer tools

    • Billing CodesCPT, HCPCS, DRG & more
    • Reimbursement RatesCommercial vs. Medicare rate reports
    • Facility ComparisonBeds, revenue & payer mix
    • ProvidersHospitals & facilities
    • PayersPlans & market footprint
    • Taxonomy CodesNUCC specialty codes
    • ModifiersCPT modifiers & usage
    • Prior AuthorizationPA policies by payer & drug
    • Timely FilingFiling deadlines by payer
    • Coverage CriteriaMedical necessity by payer
    • Payer ContactsClaims, PA & appeals contacts
    View all tools
    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 52-year-old woman with a history of left modified radical mastectomy for invasive ductal carcinoma presents for delayed autologous breast reconstruction. The surgical plan is a pedicled latissimus dorsi flap harvested from the parascapular/latissimus region and tunneled to the mastectomy site to recreate breast contour and provide soft-tissue coverage, coded as 19361. Preoperative workflow includes oncology clearance, imaging review, consent documenting risks and expectations, and marking of donor and recipient sites. Intraoperative workflow includes general anesthesia, positioning for simultaneous chest and back access, harvesting the muscle and overlying skin paddle, tunneling to the chest, shaping and suturing the flap to the chest wall, and hemostasis. Postoperative workflow includes PACU monitoring, pain control, flap monitoring for perfusion, wound care instructions, and scheduled follow-up for drain removal and assessment of reconstruction integrity. This procedure is performed by plastic and reconstructive surgeons, often in coordination with surgical oncology when staged reconstruction follows cancer extirpation.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    19364Breast reconstruction with free flapAlternative autologous reconstruction technique using microvascular free tissue transfer instead of a pedicled latissimus flap

    Related Modifiers

    12 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Showing 1–10 of 12

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    208200000X
    2086S0122X
    208600000X
    364SP0807X
    364SS0200X
    163WD0400X
    1835P1400X
    171R00000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    13 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C44.511Basal cell carcinoma of skin of breast
    C44.521Squamous cell carcinoma of skin of breast
    C44.591Other specified malignant neoplasm of skin of breast
    C50.011Malignant neoplasm of nipple and areola, right female breast
    C50.012Malignant neoplasm of nipple and areola, left female breast
    C50.021Malignant neoplasm of nipple and areola, right male breast
    C50.022Malignant neoplasm of nipple and areola, left male breast
    C50.111Malignant neoplasm of central portion of right female breast
    C50.112Malignant neoplasm of central portion of left female breast
    C50.121Malignant neoplasm of central portion of right male breast

    Showing 1–10 of 13

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Removal of ImplantableBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-10-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-19316-MASTOPEXY-BREAST-LIFT

    CPT 19316: Mastopexy (Breast Lift)

    CPT-19318-BREAST-REDUCTION-SURGERY

    CPT 19318: Breast Reduction—Excision of Excess Breast Tissue

    CPT-19325-BREAST-AUGMENTATION-IMPLANT-PLACEMENT

    CPT 19325: Breast Augmentation with Implant Placement

    CPT-19328-BREAST-IMPLANT-REMOVAL-EXPLANTATION

    CPT 19328: Removal of Previously Placed Breast Implant

    CPT-19330-BREAST-IMPLANT-EXPLANTATION-RUPTURE

    CPT 19330: Breast Implant Removal for Rupture

    CPT-19340-IMMEDIATE-BREAST-IMPLANT-INSERTION-AFTER-MASTECTOMY

    CPT 19340: Immediate Insertion of Breast Implant After Mastectomy

    CPT-19342-BREAST-IMPLANT-INSERTION-OR-REPLACEMENT-POST-MASTECTOMY

    CPT 19342: Breast Implant Insertion or Replacement After Mastectomy

    CPT-19350-NIPPLE-AREOLAR-RECONSTRUCTION-LOCAL-FLAP-TECHNIQUES

    CPT 19350: Nipple and Areolar Reconstruction, Local Flap

    CPT-19355-INVERTED-NIPPLE-CORRECTION

    CPT 19355: Correction of Inverted Nipples by Duct Release

    CPT-19357-BREAST-TISSUE-EXPANDER-PLACEMENT-SERIAL-EXPANSION

    CPT 19357: Tissue Expander Placement for Breast Reconstruction

    Showing 1–10 of 18

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
    Published by

    Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

    Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

    19367Breast reconstruction, single pedicled TRAM flapAlternative pedicled autologous option using transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous tissue for breast reconstruction
    19368Breast reconstruction, 1 pedicled TRAM flap, anastomosisRelated variation when additional microvascular anastomosis or complexity is involved with TRAM-based reconstruction
    19369Breast reconstruction, bipedicled TRAM flapAlternative autologous technique using two pedicles for increased tissue volume or vascular support