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    OpenPayerBilling CodesSymptoms and signs involving speech and voiceICD-10-CM r48-dyslexia-and-symbolic-dysfunctions
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    ICD-10-CM Code For Dyslexia And Other Symbolic Dysfunctions, Not Elsewhere Classified: Group Overview

    The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) code group R48 includes disorders of symbolic function such as dyslexia and other specific disturbances in reading, writing, calculation, and symbol use that are not classified elsewhere. These ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes are used to document impairments in language processing, learning-related symbolic functions, or cognitive-linguistic manifestations that impact communication and daily functioning. Accurate coding within the ICD-10-CM R48 group supports proper claim adjudication, complete clinical documentation, and appropriate reimbursement.

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    ICD-10-CM R48: Dyslexia And Other Symbolic Dysfunctions, Not Elsewhere Classified Overview

    This group includes disorders of symbolic function such as dyslexia and related disturbances of written or spoken language processing that are not classified elsewhere. These conditions affect cognitive-linguistic processes and are considered disturbances of speech, language, or symbol use. Accurate coding matters for correct clinical documentation and appropriate reimbursement for services related to assessment and management.

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    When to Use

    Use a code from this group when a patient presents with documented impairments in symbolic functions such as reading, writing, calculation, or other language processing that are not attributable to another specific diagnosed condition. Select codes from this group when clinical evaluation indicates these dysfunctions are the primary reason for assessment or treatment and no more specific ICD-10-CM code applies.

    ICD-10-CM Codes

    6 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    R48.0Dyslexia and alexia
    R48.1Agnosia
    R48.2Apraxia
    R48.3Visual agnosia
    R48.8Other symbolic dysfunctions
    R48.9Unspecified symbolic dysfunctions

    DRG Codes

    4 rows

    DRG CodeDescription
    124Other Disorders of the Eye with MCC or Thrombolytic Agent
    125Other Disorders of the Eye without MCC
    886Behavioral and Developmental Disorders
    887Other Mental Disorder Diagnoses

    Typical Clinical Scenarios

    • An elementary school–age child is referred by their teacher for persistent difficulty learning to read and write despite normal intelligence and adequate schooling; testing shows impaired single-word decoding, poor phonological processing, and slow, inaccurate reading development that has been present since early school years. The child presents for educational and developmental evaluation to document the learning disability and plan interventions, and a diagnosis from this group is assigned to capture the specific reading/written language disorder. Typical codes: R48.0, R48.1
    • An adult in their 40s is evaluated in outpatient neurology after a stroke; they have relatively preserved speech fluency but display marked difficulties with writing and symbol recognition (alexia with agraphia), interfering with return-to-work tasks. The patient seeks care for assessment of acquired language and symbolic dysfunction following the cerebrovascular event, and a diagnosis from this group is used to describe the acquired impairment in reading/writing abilities. Typical codes: R48.2, R48.3
    • A school-aged child with autism spectrum disorder presents for multidisciplinary follow-up because, in addition to core ASD symptoms, they have pronounced difficulties with symbol processing and written language that complicate educational planning and are not accounted for by cognitive impairment alone. The team documents the coexisting symbolic dysfunction to guide individualized education services, and a code from this group is assigned as a comorbid condition impacting communication and learning. Typical codes: R48.8, R48.9

    Related Codes

    R47-SPEECH-DISTURBANCES-NOT-ELSEWHERE-CLASSIFIED

    ICD-10-CM Code For Speech Disturbances Not Elsewhere Classified: Group Overview

    R49-VOICE-AND-RESONANCE-DISORDERS

    ICD-10-CM Code For Voice And Resonance Disorders: Group Overview

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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