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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesTier 2 Molecular Pathology ProceduresCPT cpt-81408-molecular-pathology-technical-tier-2-level-9
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    CPT 81408: Tier 2 Molecular Pathology Technical Laboratory Analysis

    Commercial payers pay $1887 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 81408 describes a Tier 2, Level 9 molecular pathology service in which a laboratory analyst performs the technical component of a specific genetic test (processing, assay performance, and raw data generation); the service type is technical laboratory molecular pathology, and the typical site of service is a clinical molecular laboratory or similar certified diagnostic laboratory performing genetic analyses.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Oral Cancer Screening and Testing, RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, Cytochrome P450 Genotype-Guided Treatment Strategy Corporate Medical Policy.

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    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    National commercial reimbursement for CPT 81408 centers around BUCA’s average commercial rate of $1,886.60, with major commercial payers showing notable spread around that midpoint. Blue Cross Blue Shield’s mean of $2,169.50 and Cigna’s mean of $2,117.60 sit above BUCA, while UnitedHealth Group’s mean of $1,591.80 and Aetna’s mean of $1,101.90 fall below. Absolute highs are seen with Blue Cross Blue Shield (max $6,837) and Cigna (max $6,042), while Aetna includes a $0 min and UnitedHealth Group’s min is $840, signaling asymmetric floors across contracts.

    Dispersion measured as the interquartile range (P75–P25) highlights where rates are tightest and widest: Aetna’s IQR is $720.00 (P75 $1,591.60 minus P25 $720.00), UnitedHealth Group’s IQR is $1,160.00, BUCA’s IQR is $1,173.90, Cigna’s IQR is $1,871.80, and Blue Cross Blue Shield’s IQR is $1,046.60. Cigna exhibits the widest IQR ($1,871.80), indicating the greatest middle-50% variability, while Aetna is the tightest at $720.00.

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    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 46-year-old patient referred by a medical geneticist for targeted Tier 2, Level 9 molecular pathology testing after a multidisciplinary evaluation for suspected hereditary cancer predisposition. The patient presented with a personal history of a primary malignancy that lacked a clear histologic driver and a family history notable for multiple relatives with early-onset cancers. A genetics clinic visit resulted in order entry for a specific high-complexity genetic analysis performed as part of a panel of tests to identify actionable germline or somatic variants.

    Specimen processing and testing workflow: the clinician collects a blood specimen (for germline testing) or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue (for somatic testing) and sends it to a molecular pathology laboratory. The laboratory accessioning team verifies patient identifiers and orders the 81408 technical component test. A molecular technologist performs DNA extraction, library preparation, sequencing or other specified laboratory assay, and analytic interpretation is performed by the laboratory team. The technical lab analyst documents quality metrics and generates raw and processed data. Results are reported to the ordering provider and integrated into the patient record; follow-up may include reflex testing such as 81216 for BRCA2 full sequence analysis or additional Tier 2 panels (81406, 81407) depending on findings.

    Typical site of service: an outpatient clinical laboratory or hospital-based molecular pathology laboratory supporting outpatient genetics and oncology clinics.

    Service type: high-complexity molecular diagnostic laboratory technical service (technical component) for a Tier 2, Level 9 molecular pathology procedure.

    Related CPT Codes

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    90Modifier ‑90 (Reference/Outside Laboratory) indicates that a laboratory test was performed by an entity other than the treating or reporting provider. The American Medical Association defines…- Use CPT modifier -90 when a laboratory test is performed by an outside/reference laboratory (an entity other than the treating or reporting physician or qualified professional) and the claim needs…
    91Modifier 91 — “Repeat Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Test” — is appended when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once for the same patient on the same day because serial,…- Use modifier 91 when the exact same CPT laboratory test is performed more than once on the same patient on the same date because serial or repeated testing is medically necessary to monitor…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207ZP0213X
    207L00000X
    207RI0200X
    2084P0802X
    133V00000X
    3418M1130X
    2279P3800X
    222Q00000X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Genetic & Molecular Testing1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Oral Cancer Screening and TestingOscar Health2027-01-01
    RTM Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin DeficiencyOscar Health2027-01-01
    Cytochrome P450 Genotype-Guided Treatment Strategy Corporate Medical Policybcbsvermont2027-01-01
    Carrier Testing Panels for Genetic Diseases (for Kentucky Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Genetic Testing for Neurological Disorders (for Kansas Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Genetic and Molecular TestingProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Cell-Free Fetal DNA Testing (for Idaho Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Next Generation Sequencing for Minimal Residual Disease DetectionProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Pharmacogenetic Panel Testing (for Kansas Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Non-Covered Genetic Panel TestsProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-81400-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-LAB-PROCEDURE

    CPT 81400: Molecular Pathology Tier 2, Level 1 Technical Test

    CPT-81401-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-LAB-ANALYSIS

    CPT 81401: Tier 2, Level 2 Molecular Pathology Technical Test

    CPT-81402-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-LEVEL-3-TECHNICAL-TEST

    CPT 81402: Molecular Pathology Tier 2 Level 3 Technical Test

    CPT-81403-TIER-2-LEVEL-4-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL

    CPT 81403: Molecular Pathology Technical Component, Tier 2 Level 4

    CPT-81404-TIER-2-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-COMPONENT

    CPT 81404: Molecular Pathology Technical Laboratory Procedure

    CPT-81405-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-LAB-TESTING

    CPT 81405: Tier 2 Level 6 Molecular Pathology Lab Test

    CPT-81406-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-LAB-ANALYSIS

    CPT 81406: Molecular Pathology Tier 2, Level 7 Technical Component

    CPT-81407-TIER-2-LEVEL-8-MOLECULAR-PATHOLOGY-TECHNICAL-TEST

    CPT 81407: Technical Molecular Pathology Lab Test

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

    Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    81406Tier 2 Molecular Pathology Procedures, Level 7May be ordered for lower-complexity targeted molecular analyses in the same diagnostic workup; used when fewer genetic targets or lower complexity are required

    81407 | Tier 2 Molecular Pathology Procedures, Level 8 | Adjacent complexity level to 81408; used for tests of slightly lower complexity or panel composition during the same laboratory evaluation

    81216 | BRCA2 (breast cancer 2) gene analysis; full sequence analysis | Reflex or parallel germline testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk when 81408 results indicate a need for full-gene sequencing or confirmation