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    OpenPayerBilling CodesDiagnostic Nuclear Medicine Procedures on the Endocrine SystemCPT cpt-78014-thyroid-radioiodine-uptake-imaging
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    CPT 78014: Thyroid Radioiodine Uptake and Imaging

    Medicare pays $147 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 78014 describes a thyroid radioiodine uptake and imaging study in which the provider administers radioiodine, images the thyroid gland, and evaluates the amount of radioiodine that reaches the thyroid and how the gland handles it; service type: nuclear medicine diagnostic imaging; typical site of service: outpatient imaging center or hospital radiology/nuclear medicine department.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Diabetic Supplies, Radiofrequency Ablation for Thyroid Nodules, Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Delivery for Managing Diabetes (for Idaho Only).

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 52-year-old female presents to a nuclear medicine clinic for evaluation of hyperthyroid symptoms (palpitations, weight loss, heat intolerance). Laboratory testing confirms elevated free T4 and suppressed TSH. The clinician orders a thyroid uptake and scan to quantify radioiodine uptake and assess thyroid morphology after oral administration of radioiodine. The patient receives a measured oral or intravenous tracer dose of radioiodine (typically I-123 or I-131 depending on protocol) and returns to the nuclear medicine department for imaging at the prescribed uptake interval (commonly 4–6 hours and/or 24 hours). The nuclear medicine technologist performs planar and, when indicated, SPECT imaging of the thyroid. The interpreting nuclear medicine physician reviews uptake measurements, calculates percent uptake, evaluates focal versus diffuse uptake patterns, and documents findings to guide management (antithyroid medication, radioiodine therapy planning, or surgery). Typical site of service is an outpatient hospital-based nuclear medicine department, freestanding imaging center, or inpatient nuclear medicine service when ordered during hospitalization.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    78015Thyroid imaging, including time history and/or uptake, multiple time points (e.g., 4 and 24 hours)Performed when multiple uptake time points are required; complements single-time uptake 78014 for kinetic assessment.
    78800Radiopharmaceutical localization of tumor or distribution of radiopharmaceutical agent, single area imagingSometimes used for other nuclear medicine localization studies; not specific for thyroid but related modality.
    36415Collection of venous blood by venipuncturePre-procedure or follow-up blood draws (e.g., TSH, free T4) are commonly performed in the same clinical workflow.
    76536Ultrasound, transcutaneous, real time with image documentation; thyroidPerformed adjunctively to evaluate thyroid anatomy, nodules, or guide fine-needle aspiration following abnormal uptake patterns.
    10021Fine needle aspiration without imaging guidancePerformed when focal uptake suggests nodule requiring cytologic sampling; may follow ultrasound localization.

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    24Modifier 24 denotes an unrelated evaluation and management (E/M) service performed by the same physician or qualified healthcare professional during a postoperative global period. Per CPT guidance,…- Use modifier 24 when you report an evaluation and management (E/M) service performed by the same physician or same-specialty group during a procedure’s postoperative global period that is unrelated…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    2084P0800X
    207K00000X
    208000000X
    207QP0002X
    2082S0105X
    364SP0808X
    2080P0214X
    246Z00000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    29 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C73Malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland
    E00.9Congenital iodine-deficiency syndrome, unspecified
    E01.1Iodine-deficiency related multinodular (endemic) goiter
    E02Subclinical iodine-deficiency hypothyroidism
    E03.1Congenital hypothyroidism without goiter
    E03.9Hypothyroidism, unspecified
    E04.9Nontoxic goiter, unspecified
    E05.00Thyrotoxicosis with diffuse goiter without thyrotoxic crisis or storm
    E05.01Thyrotoxicosis with diffuse goiter with thyrotoxic crisis or storm
    E05.10Thyrotoxicosis with toxic single thyroid nodule without thyrotoxic crisis or storm

    Showing 1–10 of 29

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Endocrinology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Diabetic SuppliesCigna2026-10-15
    Radiofrequency Ablation for Thyroid NodulesCigna2026-10-15
    Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Delivery for Managing Diabetes (for Idaho Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Tzield (teplizumab-mzwv) CoverageUnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Delivery for Managing Diabetes (for Indiana Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines Insulin PumpsMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-10-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines: Continuous Glucose MonitorsMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-10-01
    Continuous Glucose MonitoringAmbetter Nevada2026-10-01
    Salivary Hormone TestingOscar Health2026-10-01
    Bone Turnover Markers TestingOscar Health2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-78012-THYROID-RADIOIODINE-UPTAKE-STUDY

    CPT 78012: Radioiodine Thyroid Uptake, 4–24 Hour

    CPT-78013-THYROID-RADIOIODINE-IMAGING-UPTAKE

    CPT 78013: Thyroid Scintigraphy with Radioiodine Imaging

    CPT-78015-THYROID-SCAN-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE

    CPT 78015: Thyroid Scan, Nuclear Medicine

    CPT-78016-THYROID-SCAN-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE-IMAGING

    CPT 78016: Thyroid Scan, Nuclear Medicine

    CPT-78018-THYROID-SCAN-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE-IMAGING

    CPT 78018: Thyroid Scan, Radionuclide Imaging

    CPT-78020-THYROID-SCAN-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE

    CPT 78020: Thyroid Scan, Nuclear Medicine

    CPT-78070-PARATHYROID-DUAL-TRACER-IMAGING-SUBTRACTION-STUDY

    CPT 78070: Parathyroid Imaging with Dual Tracer/Subtraction

    CPT-78071-SPECT-PARATHYROID-IMAGING-DUAL-TRACER

    CPT 78071: SPECT Parathyroid Imaging with Planar/Subtraction Study

    CPT-78072-PARATHYROID-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE-SPECT-CT-LOCALIZATION

    CPT 78072: Parathyroid Nuclear Medicine Imaging with SPECT/CT

    CPT-78075-FUNCTIONAL-ADRENAL-NUCLEAR-IMAGING

    CPT 78075: Functional Adrenal Imaging with Radiotracer

    Showing 1–10 of 11

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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