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    OpenPayerBilling CodesInjection, Drainage, or Aspiration Procedures on the Spine and Spinal CordCPT cpt-62291-discography-discogram-cervical-thoracic
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    CPT 62291: Discography (Discogram) for Cervical/Thoracic Discs

    Medicare pays $350 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 62291 describes a diagnostic discography (discogram) in which contrast is injected into the nucleus pulposus to visualize and assess intervertebral disc spaces for suspected discogenic neck or back pain; service type: diagnostic imaging/procedural spine test; typical site of service: radiology suite, fluoroscopy room, or outpatient ambulatory surgical center where fluoroscopic guidance is available.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Dental Anesthesia Services, Anesthesia Services for Interventional Pain Management Procedures in an Adult, General Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation Services.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 42-year-old patient with chronic axial low back pain and intermittent radicular symptoms refractory to conservative care (physical therapy, NSAIDs, epidural steroid injections) is referred to a spine specialist for diagnostic evaluation. After MRI reveals multilevel degenerative changes without clear correlation to symptoms, the provider recommends provocation discography to identify symptomatic intervertebral disc(s). The procedure is scheduled in an outpatient ambulatory surgery center under conscious sedation or monitored anesthesia care. Under fluoroscopic guidance, contrast is injected into the nucleus pulposus of target lumbar discs to reproduce the patient’s typical pain and assess internal disc architecture. Post-procedure, the patient is observed in recovery for hemodynamic stability and monitored for neurological changes and contrast reaction before discharge with post-procedure analgesia and activity instructions. Documentation includes informed consent, indication, targeted levels, needle approach and size, volumes and pressures used, fluoroscopic images, pain provocation responses, any complications, and plan for surgical or conservative management based on findings.

    Related Diagnoses

    ICD-10 CodeDescriptionClinical Relevance
    M51.26Other intervertebral disc displacement, lumbar regionDiscography can identify symptomatic displaced lumbar discs contributing to pain
    M54.5Low back painCommon indication for discography when imaging is inconclusive and pain is chronic
    M51.27Other intervertebral disc displacement, lumbosacral regionUsed when symptom localization suggests lumbosacral disc pathology
    M50.20Other cervical disc displacement, unspecified cervical regionCervical discography may be used to evaluate discogenic neck pain when indicated
    M54.16Radiculopathy, lumbosacral regionDiscography helps correlate disc pathology with radicular symptoms
    M51.36Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar regionDegenerative disc disease often prompts diagnostic discography to determine painful level
    G89.29Other chronic painUsed to capture chronic pain states when discogenic pain is being evaluated

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    183500000X
    261QM1102X
    2084B0002X
    251S00000X
    1223P0106X
    103G00000X
    3747P1801X
    225C00000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    25 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    G96.11Dural tear
    M43.16Spondylolisthesis, lumbar region
    M43.26Fusion of spine, lumbar region
    M47.12Other spondylosis with myelopathy, cervical region
    M47.13Other spondylosis with myelopathy, cervicothoracic region
    M47.26Other spondylosis with radiculopathy, lumbar region
    M47.27Other spondylosis with radiculopathy, lumbosacral region
    M48.02Spinal stenosis, cervical region
    M48.04Spinal stenosis, thoracic region
    M50.21Other cervical disc displacement, high cervical region

    Showing 1–10 of 25

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Anesthesiology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Dental Anesthesia ServicesProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Anesthesia Services for Interventional Pain Management Procedures in an AdultCigna2026-09-15
    General Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation ServicesUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Intravenous Anesthetics for the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Psychiatric or Substance Use DisordersPremera Bluecross2026-07-01
    Elective Inpatient Services (for Idaho Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-06-01
    Sites of Servicepriority health2026-06-01
    Coverage for Ambulatory Surgery Unit (ASU)/Outpatient Facility and Anesthesia for Dental Servicesuniverahealthcare2026-05-21

    Related Codes

    CPT-62263-EPIDURAL-NEUROLYSIS-ADHESIOLYSIS-RACZ-CATHETER

    CPT 62263: Epidural Adhesiolysis (Racz Catheter), Multi-Session

    CPT-62264-EPIDURAL-NEUROLYSIS-RACZ-CATHETER-ADHESION-LYSIS

    CPT 62264: Epidural Adhesiolysis (Racz Catheter)

    CPT-62267-INTERVERTEBRAL-DISC-PARAVERTEBRAL-ASPIRATION

    CPT 62267: Intervertebral Disc or Paravertebral Aspiration

    CPT-62268-SPINAL-CYST-SYRINX-ASPIRATION

    CPT 62268: Aspiration of Spinal Cord Cyst or Syrinx

    CPT-62269-SPINAL-CORD-NEEDLE-BIOPSY

    CPT 62269: Percutaneous Spinal Cord Needle Biopsy

    CPT-62270-DIAGNOSTIC-SPINAL-PUNCTURE-CSF-SAMPLING

    CPT 62270: Diagnostic Spinal Puncture for CSF Sampling

    CPT-62272-LUMBAR-PUNCTURE-SPINAL-TAP-CSF-WITHDRAWAL

    CPT 62272: Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap) for CSF Removal

    CPT-62273-EPIDURAL-BLOOD-PATCH-FOR-CSF-LEAK

    CPT 62273: Epidural Blood Patch for CSF Leak

    CPT-62280-NEUROLYTIC-SUBARACHNOID-INJECTION-FOR-SEVERE-PAIN

    CPT 62280: Subarachnoid Neurolytic Injection

    CPT-62281-CERVICAL-THORACIC-EPIDURAL-NEUROLYTIC-INJECTION

    CPT 62281: Cervical/Thoracic Epidural Neurolytic Injection

    Showing 1–10 of 30

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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