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    OpenPayerBilling CodesRepair Procedures on the TestisCPT cpt-54640-orchiopexy-inguinal-scrotal-approach
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    CPT 54640: Orchiopexy, Inguinal and/or Scrotal Approach

    Medicare pays $401 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 54640 describes an orchiopexy procedure performed via an inguinal and/or scrotal approach to relocate an undescended testicle into the scrotum; the service is a surgical repair of cryptorchidism typically classified as an ambulatory surgical procedure performed in an operating room, outpatient surgery center, or hospital outpatient department.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Removal of Implantable, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Surgical Procedures.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a pediatric male, often presenting between 6 months and 2 years of age, referred by a pediatrician for an undescended testicle (cryptorchidism). The child undergoes preoperative evaluation including history, physical exam, and anesthetic assessment. Imaging is uncommon but may be used if the testis is nonpalpable. In the operating room under general anesthesia, the surgeon performs an orchiopexy via an inguinal and/or scrotal approach to mobilize and fix the undescended testicle into the scrotum. Intraoperative steps include identification of the testis and spermatic cord, high ligation of a persistent processus vaginalis if present, adequate mobilization to avoid tension, and scrotal fixation. Postoperative workflow includes PACU recovery, pain control, wound care instructions, and outpatient follow-up to assess testicular position and viability. Typical sites of service are the hospital operating room or ambulatory surgical center. Common payors encountered include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna Health, UnitedHealthcare, BUCA, and Medicare.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    54150Repair of recurrent or residual inguinal hernia, age dependent (incision and repair)May be performed concurrently if a patent processus vaginalis or inguinal hernia is present during orchiopexy.
    54200Closure of hydrocele, infants and children; incomplete or other approachesHydrocele repair can be performed at the same operation if identified with undescended testis.
    54300Excision of testicular nubbin, cryptorchidismPerformed if a nonviable or remnant testis (testicular nubbin) is encountered during exploration.
    54400Orchiectomy, simple or radical; younger patients (when indicated)Performed if the undescended testis is nonviable, dysplastic, or atrophic and removal is indicated.
    58660Laparoscopy, surgical; with lysis of adhesions, or orchiopexy - note: laparoscopic evaluationLaparoscopic approaches may be used for nonpalpable testis; diagnostic laparoscopy and laparoscopic orchiopexy are related when inguinal/scrotal approach is not feasible.

    Related Modifiers

    11 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Showing 1–10 of 11

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    208800000X
    372600000X
    208VP0000X
    163WA0400X
    213EG0000X
    133N00000X
    2080P0203X
    2086H0002X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Removal of ImplantableBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-10-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-54600-SURGICAL-CORRECTION-TESTICULAR-TORSION-ORCHIDOPEXY

    CPT 54600: Surgical Correction of Testicular Torsion

    CPT-54620-CONTRALATERAL-ORCHIOPEXY-TESTICULAR-TORSION

    CPT 54620: Contralateral Orchidopexy for Testicular Torsion

    CPT-54650-ORCHIOPEXY-UNDESCENDED-TESTICLE

    CPT 54650: Orchiopexy for Undescended Testicle

    CPT-54660-TESTICULAR-PROSTHESIS-INSERTION-SEPARATE-PROCEDURE

    CPT 54660: Insertion of Testicular Prosthesis, Separate Procedure

    CPT-54670-TESTICULAR-REPAIR-SUTURE-AFTER-INJURY

    CPT 54670: Repair of Testis After Testicular Injury

    CPT-54680-THIGH-TRANSPOSITION-OF-TESTIS-PRESERVATION

    CPT 54680: Testis Transposition Under Thigh Skin

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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