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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesVesical Neck and Prostate Surgical ProceduresCPT cpt-52400-cystourethroscopy-cystoscope-bladder-inspection
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    CPT 52400: Diagnostic Cystourethroscopy

    Medicare pays $436 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 52400 describes a diagnostic cystourethroscopy, the endoscopic inspection of the bladder, urethra, prostatic urethra, and ureteric orifices using a cystoscope passed through the urethra into the bladder; this is a diagnostic surgical procedure typically performed in an ambulatory surgery center or urology clinic/procedure room and often requires only brief operative time (often 5–10 minutes) for evaluation of conditions such as urinary tract infections, hematuria, bladder tumors, or post-treatment surveillance of bladder cancer.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 68-year-old male with a history of intermittent gross hematuria and recurrent urinary tract infections is referred to urology for evaluation. The patient presents to an ambulatory surgical center after preoperative assessment. Under monitored anesthesia care, a urologist performs a diagnostic cystourethroscopy to inspect the urethra, prostatic urethra, bladder mucosa, and ureteral orifices using a rigid or flexible cystoscope. The procedure typically requires topical and local anesthesia with possible short sedation, and surgical time often ranges from 5–10 minutes for a straightforward diagnostic exam. Findings may include bladder tumors, inflammatory changes, urethral strictures, or foreign bodies. The workflow includes pre-procedure history and consent, sterile preparation, cystoscopic inspection, photographic or video documentation if indicated, possible urine sampling or cytology, and post-procedure recovery with discharge instructions. Coding for the visit reflects the diagnostic cystourethroscopy procedure 52400 and may include additional codes if interventions (biopsy, fulguration, stent placement) occur during the same session.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    52204Cystourethroscopy, with ureteroscopy, with or without pyeloscopy; with tissue biopsy, or removal or manipulation of ureteral calculusPerformed if cystoscopy identifies ureteral pathology requiring ureteroscopy or biopsy during the same session
    52000Cystourethroscopy, with irrigation and/or instillationSometimes reported for simple irrigation/instillation procedures or code used historically; choose appropriate diagnostic code 52400 for inspection
    52214Cystourethroscopy with biopsy, including cold or hot forceps and/or with fulguration of bladder tumorWhen biopsy or fulguration of a bladder lesion is performed during cystoscopy
    51045Cystourethroscopy with ureteral catheterization, simpleWhen selective ureteral catheterization is performed through cystoscope in the same encounter
    51702Insertion of temporary indwelling bladder catheter; simple (e.g., Foley)May be performed before or after cystoscopy for urinary drainage or specimen collection
    88305Surgical pathology, gross and microscopic examinationBilled when biopsied bladder or urethral tissue is sent for histopathology

    Related Modifiers

    12 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…

    Showing 1–10 of 12

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207K00000X
    208000000X
    367A00000X
    363L00000X
    207VM0101X
    103TP2701X
    1744G0900X
    207UN0901X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    29 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C67.9Malignant neoplasm of bladder, unspecified
    N11.0Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritis
    N20.0Calculus of kidney
    N21.0Calculus in bladder
    N30.00Acute cystitis without hematuria
    N30.01Acute cystitis with hematuria
    N30.10Interstitial cystitis (chronic) without hematuria
    N30.11Interstitial cystitis (chronic) with hematuria
    N30.80Other cystitis without hematuria
    N30.81Other cystitis with hematuria

    Showing 1–10 of 29

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-52402-EJACULATORY-DUCT-ENDOSCOPIC-EXCISION-OR-INCISION

    CPT 52402: Cystoscopic Excision or Incision of Ejaculatory Duct

    CPT-52441-TRANSPROSTATIC-IMPLANT-PLACEMENT-CYSTOURETHROSCOPIC

    CPT 52441: Single Permanent Adjustable Transprostatic Implant

    CPT-52442-TRANSPROSTATIC-IMPLANT-ADD-ON-PLACEMENT

    CPT 52442: Placement of Additional Permanent Adjustable Transprostatic Implant

    CPT-52443-BALLOON-DILATION-AND-DRUG-COATED-BALLOON-PROSTATE

    CPT 52443: Cystoscopic Transurethral Prostate Drug Delivery

    CPT-52450-TRANSURETHRAL-PROSTATE-CAPSULOTOMY-ENDOSCOPIC-INCISION

    CPT 52450: Endoscopic Transurethral Prostate Capsulotomy

    CPT-52500-CYSTOURETHROSCOPY-TRANSURETHRAL-EXCISION-BLADDER-NECK

    CPT 52500: Transurethral Excision of Bladder Neck to Relieve Obstruction

    CPT-52597-ROBOTIC-WATERJET-PROSTATE-TISSUE-REMOVAL-THROUGH-URETHRA

    CPT 52597: Robotic Transurethral Waterjet Prostate Resection

    CPT-52601-TRANSURETHRAL-RESECTION-PROSTATE-TURP

    CPT 52601: Transurethral Resection of Prostate (Partial)

    CPT-52630-PROSTATE-RESECTION-RESIDUAL-TISSUE

    CPT 52630: Resection of Residual or Regrown Prostate Tissue

    CPT-52640-ENDOSCOPIC-REMOVAL-BLADDER-NECK-CONTRACTURE

    CPT 52640: Endoscopic Removal of Postoperative Bladder Neck Contracture

    Showing 1–10 of 13

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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