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    OpenPayerBilling CodesIntroduction Procedures on the Biliary TractCPT cpt-47536-percutaneous-biliary-catheter-exchange-conversion
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    CPT 47536: Percutaneous Biliary Drainage Catheter Exchange/Conversion

    Medicare pays $630 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 47536 describes a percutaneous procedure to exchange an external or internal–external biliary drainage catheter or to convert an internal–external catheter to external-only drainage, performed under image guidance (ultrasound and/or fluoroscopy) and may include cholangiography; service type: percutaneous biliary catheter exchange/conversion, typical site of service: interventional radiology suite or hospital outpatient setting.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) Coverage Policy, Radiofrequency Therapy for Fecal Incontinence.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 68-year-old patient with obstructive jaundice from a malignant hilar cholangiocarcinoma presents with progressive pruritus, cholestatic liver function test abnormalities, and recurrent episodes of cholangitis. Previously placed internal–external biliary drainage catheter has migrated or become occluded, causing inadequate biliary decompression. Interventional radiology is consulted to exchange the existing internal–external catheter for a new internal–external catheter or convert it to an external-only catheter to ensure continuous bile drainage.

    The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure review of recent imaging and labs, informed consent, conscious sedation or monitored anesthesia care, ultrasound and fluoroscopic localization of the existing catheter tract, contrast cholangiography to delineate biliary anatomy and obstruction level, catheter exchange over guidewire or conversion to external drainage, securing the catheter, and post-procedure imaging and instructions. Radiological supervision and interpretation of imaging performed during the procedure are included.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    47536Exchange or conversion of a biliary drainage catheter; percutaneous, with image guidance and radiological supervision/interpretationPrimary procedure: exchange or conversion of internal–external biliary drainage catheter to allow bile drainage.
    47531Placement of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheter, initial placementPerformed when initial access and catheter placement are required instead of exchange.
    47532Placement of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheter, including imaging and radiological supervisionAlternative coding for initial catheter placement with imaging.
    47533Removal of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheterPerformed if catheter is permanently removed rather than exchanged or converted.
    47537Repositioning of biliary drainage catheter, percutaneous; without replacementUsed when catheter is repositioned rather than exchanged or converted.

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RP1001X
    2080P0206X
    363LF0000X
    225CX0006X
    2355A2700X
    3104A0630X
    2083T0002X
    207UN0901X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    27 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    B15.9Hepatitis A without hepatic coma
    B19.9Unspecified viral hepatitis without hepatic coma
    C22.0Liver cell carcinoma
    C24.0Malignant neoplasm of extrahepatic bile duct
    C78.7Secondary malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile duct
    I85.00Esophageal varices without bleeding
    I85.01Esophageal varices with bleeding
    K55.9Vascular disorder of intestine, unspecified
    K65.0Generalized (acute) peritonitis
    K65.9Peritonitis, unspecified

    Showing 1–10 of 27

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Gastroenterology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disordersbcbsvermont2026-12-01
    Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) Coverage Policyevicore2026-11-05
    Radiofrequency Therapy for Fecal IncontinenceCigna2026-10-15
    Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)univerahealthcare2026-10-15
    High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA)Premera Bluecross2026-10-01
    Gastroesophageal and Gastrointestinal (GI) Services and ProceduresColorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-10-01
    Fecal Analysis in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplant TestingOscar Health2026-10-01
    Serum Testing for Hepatic Fibrosis in the Evaluation and Monitoring of Chronic Liver DiseaseOscar Health2026-10-01
    Pancreatic Enzyme Testing for Acute PancreatitisOscar Health2026-10-01
    Helicobacter pylori TestingOscar Health2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-47490-PERCUTANEOUS-GALLBLADDER-DRAINAGE-CATHETER-PLACEMENT

    CPT 47490: Percutaneous Gallbladder Catheter Placement

    CPT-47531-PERCUTANEOUS-CHOLANGIOGRAPHY-INJECTION-IMAGE-GUIDED

    CPT 47531: Percutaneous Cholangiography Injection, Image-Guided

    CPT-47532-PERCUTANEOUS-CHOLANGIOGRAPHY-NEW-ACCESS-CONTRAST-INJECTION

    CPT 47532: Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography with Contrast Injection

    CPT-47533-PERCUTANEOUS-BILIARY-DRAINAGE-EXTERNAL

    CPT 47533: Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage with Imaging

    CPT-47534-PERCUTANEOUS-BILIARY-DRAINAGE-IMAGE-GUIDED

    CPT 47534: Percutaneous Biliary Drainage with Cholangiography

    CPT-47535-PERCUTANEOUS-CONVERSION-INTERNAL-EXTERNAL-BILIARY-DRAINAGE

    CPT 47535: Percutaneous Conversion to Internal–External Biliary Drainage

    CPT-47537-BILIARY-CATHETER-REMOVAL-IMAGE-GUIDANCE-CHOLANGIOGRAPHY

    CPT 47537: Percutaneous Removal of Biliary Drainage Catheter

    CPT-47538-PERCUTANEOUS-BILIARY-STENT-PLACEMENT

    CPT 47538: Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Stent Placement

    CPT-47539-PERCUTANEOUS-BILIARY-STENT-PLACEMENT

    CPT 47539: Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Stent Placement

    CPT-47540-PERCUTANEOUS-BILIARY-STENT-AND-DRAINAGE-CATHETER-PLACEMENT

    CPT 47540: Percutaneous Biliary Stent Placement with Drainage Catheter

    Showing 1–10 of 14

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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