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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesIncision Procedures on the Accessory SinusesCPT cpt-31000-maxillary-sinus-washout-irrigation
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    CPT 31000: Maxillary Sinus Irrigation (Antral Washout)

    Medicare pays $195 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 31000 describes insertion of a flexible cannula into the maxillary sinus via an antral incision or natural ostium to irrigate and wash out sinus contents; this is an otolaryngology sinus irrigation procedure typically performed as a minor surgical diagnostic/therapeutic service in an outpatient surgical suite, ambulatory surgery center, or office procedure room under local or general anesthesia depending on clinical need.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Office-based Laryngeal Procedures, Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for New Mexico Only), Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for Kentucky Only).

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 42-year-old patient presents to the otolaryngology clinic with acute unilateral facial pain, purulent nasal drainage, nasal congestion, and fever after several weeks of persistent maxillary sinus disease despite oral antibiotics and intranasal steroids. Otolaryngology documents refractory acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis with clinical and endoscopic findings of purulence in the middle meatus and opacification of the maxillary sinus on CT imaging. The provider decides to perform maxillary sinus irrigation using a flexible cannula inserted through the canine fossa antrum puncture or via the natural ostium to wash out infected material and relieve symptoms.

    The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure evaluation and informed consent, topical and/or local anesthesia with or without sedation, preparation of the nasal cavity, cannulation of the maxillary sinus through the antrum or natural opening, irrigation and suction removal of contents, assessment of sinus patency, hemostasis, and post-procedure instructions. The procedure may occur in an ambulatory surgery center, hospital outpatient department, emergency department, or office procedure room depending on patient status and anesthesia needs.

    Related CPT Codes

    • The following CPT codes are commonly performed alongside or in the same clinical workflow as maxillary sinus irrigation.
    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    31231Nasal/sinus endoscopy, diagnostic, unilateral or bilateral (separate procedure)Diagnostic endoscopy often performed before or during irrigation to visualize ostia and guide cannulation.
    31233Nasal/sinus endoscopy, surgical with dilation of maxillary ostiumMay be performed if irrigation reveals obstructed natural ostium requiring dilation to restore drainage.
    30140Incision and drainage of nasal sinus (antral puncture)Can precede irrigation when an antral puncture (Canine fossa) is used to access the maxillary sinus.
    31237Endoscopic sinus surgery, maxillary antrostomyPerformed when definitive surgical drainage or enlargement of the maxillary ostium is required beyond simple irrigation.
    92507Treatment of speech or language? Data not applicable; not included per instructions.Data not applicable.
    96372Therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic injection (specify substance)Not directly related; not included per instructions.

    Related Modifiers

    14 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…

    Showing 1–10 of 14

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207L00000X
    2080P0207X
    363LF0000X
    208000000X
    225XH1300X
    2470A2800X
    1835P1400X
    2279S1500X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    30 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    B95.3Streptococcus pneumoniae as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
    B95.4Other streptococcus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
    G47.33Obstructive sleep apnea (adult) (pediatric)
    H72.03Central perforation of tympanic membrane, bilateral
    J00Acute nasopharyngitis [common cold]
    J01.00Acute maxillary sinusitis, unspecified
    J01.01Acute recurrent maxillary sinusitis
    J01.10Acute frontal sinusitis, unspecified
    J01.11Acute recurrent frontal sinusitis
    J01.90Acute sinusitis, unspecified

    Showing 1–10 of 30

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Office-based Laryngeal ProceduresPremera Bluecross2026-10-06
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for New Mexico Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for Kentucky Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Hearing Aids and Devices Including Wearable, Bone-Anchored, and Semi-Implantable (for Indiana Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Otoacoustic Emissions Testing (for Oxford Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking AgentsUnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking AgentsUnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Sinus Surgeries and Interventions (for North Carolina Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for Nebraska Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01
    Injectable Dermal Fillers and Bulking Agents (for Kansas Only)UnitedHealthcare2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-31002-SPHENOID-SINUS-IRRIGATION-FLEXIBLE-CANNULA

    CPT 31002: Sphenoid Sinus Irrigation with Flexible Cannula

    CPT-31020-MIDDLE-MEATAL-SINUSOTOMY-INTRANASAL-SINUSOTOMY

    CPT 31020: Middle Meatal Sinusotomy, Intranasal Approach

    CPT-31030-MAXILLARY-ANTRUM-MUCOSAL-REMOVAL-NASOANTRAL-WINDOW

    CPT 31030: Radical Antral Mucosal Resection with Nasoantral Window

    CPT-31032-MAXILLARY-ANTROSTOMY-POLYPECTOMY

    CPT 31032: Maxillary Antrostomy with Polypectomy

    CPT-31040-PTERYGOMAXILLARY-FOSSA-SURGERY

    CPT 31040: Surgery of the Pterygomaxillary Fossa

    CPT-31050-SPHENOID-SINUS-INCISION-BIOPSY

    CPT 31050: Sphenoid Sinus Incision with Possible Biopsy

    CPT-31051-SPHENOID-SINUS-MUCOSA-STRIPPING-POLYPECTOMY

    CPT 31051: Sphenoid Sinus Incision with Polyp Removal or Mucosal Stripping

    CPT-31070-TREPHINATION-FRONTAL-SINUS-OPENING

    CPT 31070: Frontal Sinus Trephination

    CPT-31075-FRONTAL-SINUS-EXCISION-TRANSORBITAL-APPROACH

    CPT 31075: Frontal Sinus Excision via Orbital Approach

    CPT-31080-FRONTAL-SINUS-OBLITERATION-EXTERNAL-APPROACH

    CPT 31080: Frontal Sinus Obliteration via Sub-brow Incision

    Showing 1–10 of 16

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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