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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesExcision Procedures on the Back and FlankCPT cpt-21931-soft-tissue-excision-back-flank-3cm-or-greater
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    CPT 21931: Excision of Soft Tissue Mass of Back/Flank ≥3 cm

    Medicare pays $460 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 21931 describes surgical excision of a soft tissue mass or tumor 3 cm or larger located in the subcutaneous tissues of the back or flank; service type: soft tissue tumor excision (operative procedure), typical site of service: outpatient surgical suite or hospital operating room, with submission of the specimen for pathological analysis to assess for malignant cells.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Destruction of Pre-Malignant Skin Lesions, Onychomycosis diagnostic testing and coverage, Treatment of Capillary Malformations (Port Wine Stains).

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 58-year-old male presents to a general surgery clinic with a progressively enlarging, palpable soft-tissue mass in the left paraspinal region of the back. The lesion measures clinically and on imaging at approximately 4.2 cm. The patient reports intermittent discomfort and occasional local skin irritation but no systemic symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar soft tissues demonstrates a well-circumscribed subcutaneous soft-tissue mass deep to the dermis in the flank, suspicious for a lipomatous tumor versus sarcoma. The surgical team schedules an excisional biopsy under monitored anesthesia care (MAC). Intraoperative workflow includes preoperative verification, anesthesia induction, surgical site marking, sterile preparation, elliptical incision over the mass, dissection through subcutaneous tissue to the mass in the back/flank, complete excision of the lesion measuring greater than 3 cm, hemostasis, evaluation of margins, and layered wound closure. The specimen is labeled and sent to pathology for histologic examination and possible immunohistochemical studies to determine benign versus malignant etiology. Postoperative instructions include wound care, activity restrictions, and follow-up for pathology results and potential further oncologic referral if malignant features are identified.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    11042Debridement, subcutaneous tissue (first 20 sq cm or less)May be used if significant debridement of subcutaneous tissue is required in the excision site or for wound management.
    12032Repair, intermediate, wounds of scalp, axillae, trunk and/or extremities; 2.6 cm to 7.5 cmUsed for layered intermediate closure of the excision site when closure meets the wound repair criteria.
    20220Incision, drainage, of soft tissue abscess or hematoma (deep)Relevant if preoperative or concurrent incision and drainage of an infected soft-tissue collection is required.
    88305Surgical pathology, gross and microscopic examination, intermediate complexityUsed by pathology to report histologic examination of the excised soft-tissue mass.
    77071CT guidance for biopsy, needle placement (percutaneous)Relevant if a percutaneous biopsy under imaging guidance was performed preoperatively to characterize the mass prior to excision.

    Related Modifiers

    13 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Showing 1–10 of 13

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207P00000X
    207L00000X
    207X00000X
    171W00000X
    207ZC0008X
    202C00000X
    2086S0122X
    261QM0855X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Dermatology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Destruction of Pre-Malignant Skin LesionsAnthem2026-10-01
    Onychomycosis diagnostic testing and coverageOscar Health2026-10-01
    Treatment of Capillary Malformations (Port Wine Stains)universityofutahhealthplans2026-09-28
    AnzupgoCigna2026-09-15
    Zevaskyn Coverage for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis BullosaCigna2026-09-01
    Topical Acne-Non-Retinoid ProductsCigna2026-08-15
    Dermatology - Vtama Drug Quantity Management Policy - Per DaysCigna2026-08-15
    Medical Necessity Guidelines: Acne and Rosacea Medicationsharvard pilgrim health care2026-08-11
    Dermatology - Anzupgo Prior Authorization PolicyCigna2026-08-05
    Light Therapy for Dermatologic Conditionsbcbsvermont2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-21920-SUPERFICIAL-SOFT-TISSUE-BIOPSY-BACK-FLANK

    CPT 21920: Superficial Soft Tissue Biopsy of Back or Flank

    CPT-21925-DEEP-SOFT-TISSUE-BIOPSY-BACK-FLANK

    CPT 21925: Deep Soft Tissue Biopsy of Back or Flank

    CPT-21930-SOFT-TISSUE-MASS-EXCISION-BACK-FLANK-LESS-THAN-3CM

    CPT 21930: Excision of Subcutaneous Soft-Tissue Lesion, Back/Flank (<3 cm)

    CPT-21932-SUBFASCIAL-SOFT-TISSUE-TUMOR-EXCISION-BACK-FLANK

    CPT 21932: Subfascial Soft Tissue Tumor Excision, Back/Flank (<5 cm)

    CPT-21933-SUBFASCIAL-SOFT-TISSUE-TUMOR-EXCISION-BACK-FLANK-5CM-PLUS

    CPT 21933: Subfascial Soft Tissue Tumor Excision, Back or Flank (≥5 cm)

    CPT-21935-EXTENSIVE-EXCISION-SOFT-TISSUE-TUMOR-BACK-FLANK-LESS-5CM

    CPT 21935: Extensive Excision of Malignant Soft Tissue Tumor, Back/Flank <5cm

    CPT-21936-EXTENSIVE-EXCISION-SOFT-TISSUE-SARCOMA-BACK-FLANK-5CM

    CPT 21936: Extensive Excision of Large Soft Tissue Malignant Tumor

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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