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    OpenPayerBilling CodesAblation, Exploration and Excision ProceduresCPT cpt-19120-open-excision-suspicious-breast-lesion
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    CPT 19120: Excision of Suspicious Breast Lesion, Open Approach

    Medicare pays $588 and commercial payers pay $1822 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 19120 describes surgical excision of one or more suspicious breast lesions via an open approach; this is a surgical procedure for diagnostic or therapeutic removal of palpable or imaging-detected breast masses. Service type: Open surgical excision. Typical site of service: Ambulatory surgery center or hospital operating room, or other outpatient surgical setting where breast procedures are performed.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Removal of Implantable, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Surgical Procedures.

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    National Reimbursement Benchmarks

    Medicare’s mean rate for CPT 19120 sits at $587.60, while BUCA’s average commercial mean is substantially higher at $1,821.90, indicating commercial payments can be roughly three times Medicare for this code. This gap highlights a common pattern where commercial networks, represented here by BUCA, pay materially above the federal benchmark for this procedure.

    Dispersion measured by the interquartile range (P75−P25) varies notably across payers. Blue Cross Blue Shield has the widest IQR at $2,775.00 (P75 $3,771.00 − P25 $965.60), followed by BUCA at $1,792.00 (P75 $2,505.00 − P25 $717.30). UnitedHealth Group and Cigna show similar mid-level spread at $515.00 and $418.90 respectively, while Aetna is the tightest with an IQR of $356.80, suggesting Aetna’s contracted rates are comparatively clustered around its median.

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    National Payer Mean Reimbursement Rates

    State Reimbursement Rates

    State: Alaska1 / 51

    Rate by payer

    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 52-year-old woman presents to the breast clinic after screening mammography and diagnostic ultrasound identified a suspicious palpable mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. The patient reports a slowly enlarging lump with occasional tenderness. Past medical history includes hypertension and no prior breast cancer. The surgical oncology team evaluates imaging and biopsy recommendations; shared decision-making leads to scheduling an open excisional biopsy to remove the suspicious lesion for definitive histopathology.

    Preoperative workflow includes history and physical, informed consent, review of imaging (mammogram and targeted ultrasound), correlation with prior core-needle biopsy if performed, and localization if the lesion is nonpalpable (wire or radiological marker placed by radiology). On the day of surgery, the patient undergoes pre-op verification and is taken to an ambulatory surgery center or hospital outpatient surgical suite. The surgeon performs an open excision of the lesion under local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia, submits specimen(s) for pathology, and documents lesion size, laterality, and margins. Postoperative workflow includes recovery, postop instructions, pathology review, and coordination of further care if malignancy is identified.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    19100Biopsy of breast; needle coreCommonly performed prior to open excision for tissue diagnosis when image-guided core needle biopsy is indicated.

    Related Modifiers

    12 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    66Modifier 66 (Surgical Team) is used when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons on a single, highly complex procedure. The AMA defines it for use when a surgical team — often composed of…- Use modifier 66 when three or more surgeons act as primary surgeons working collaboratively as a surgical team on a single, highly complex or difficult procedure (for example organ…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…

    Showing 1–10 of 12

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207P00000X
    207XS0106X
    207WX0110X
    261QR0800X
    261QA3000X
    111NI0900X
    208C00000X
    363LS0200X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Removal of ImplantableBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-10-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-19105-BREAST-FIBROADENOMA-CRYOABLATION-ULTRASOUND-GUIDED

    CPT 19105: Ultrasound-Guided Cryoablation of Fibroadenoma

    CPT-19110-EXCISION-SINGLE-LACTIFEROUS-DUCT-PAPILLOMA

    CPT 19110: Nipple Exploration with Excision of Single Lactiferous Duct

    CPT-19112-EXCISION-LACTIFEROUS-DUCT-SKIN-FISTULA

    CPT 19112: Excision of Lactiferous Duct–Skin Fistula

    CPT-19125-EXCISION-SINGLE-RADIOLOGICALLY-LOCALIZED-LESION

    CPT 19125: Excision of Single Radiologically Marked Lesion

    CPT-19126-ADDITIONAL-EXCISION-MARKED-BREAST-LESION

    CPT 19126: Excision of Additional Localized Breast Lesion

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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    Trek Health powers OpenPayer with a leading commercial payer intelligence platform, seamlessly converting fragmented payer data into actionable insights for provider organizations.

    Trek Health ingests and normalizes Transparency in Coverage data and payer policy updates to give provider organizations a clear view of how commercial reimbursement behaves across markets, payers, and services. Our platform transforms raw payer disclosures into structured intelligence that supports contract evaluation, payer negotiations, and service line strategy. By combining market benchmarks with ongoing policy visibility, Trek helps teams identify variability, risk, and opportunity in commercial reimbursement. The result is faster insight, stronger negotiating positions, and more informed financial decisions.

    19101Biopsy of breast, incisionalAn alternative tissue-sampling procedure; may precede or substitute for excisional biopsy in select cases.
    19499Unlisted procedure, breastUsed when an excision or related breast procedure does not match an existing CPT descriptor or requires a unique billing entry.
    76095Stereotactic localization for breast biopsy, each lesion, radiological supervision and interpretationUsed by radiology to place localization (wire, seed) or provide image guidance for nonpalpable lesions prior to the open excision.