Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC/IPHC and PIPAC)
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Defines medical necessity and coding for advanced intraperitoneal chemotherapy techniques (HIPEC/IPHC and PIPAC) for treatment of peritoneal malignancies and explains applicability to Priority Health products and member benefits.
Added Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) as an experimental/investigational/unproven (E/I/U) technology for all indications.
Updated coding to include codes relevant to PIPAC.
Policy scope and name revised to reflect inclusion of PIPAC.
Removed section 'B' regarding clinical trial coverage for HIPEC not recommended by NCCN.
Updated background and references.
Coverage Determinations
Medically Necessary: HIPEC/IPHC (per NCCN recommendations)
Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy (IPHC/HIPEC) may be considered medically necessary when ALL of the following are met:
Indication per NCCN
- Tumor types: Colon cancer; Gastric cancer; Peritoneal mesothelioma; Ovarian cancer (including epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer)
Not Medically Necessary / Experimental: PIPAC
Includes PIPAC with oxaliplatin, cisplatin/doxorubicin, or other agents
PIPAC — Not medically established
Policy-level coverage stance and notable criteria updates (excerpted section):
Per Summary of Changes: Added PIPAC as E/I/U and updated coding to include PIPAC-relevant codes
Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC), including but not limited to PIPAC using oxaliplatin, cisplatin/doxorubicin, or other chemotherapeutic agents, is considered Experimental, Investigational, and Unproven (E/I/U) for all indications. Current evidence is insufficient to demonstrate a definitive clinical or survival benefit.
PIPAC is designated as experimental/investigational/unproven and is excluded from routine coverage for all indications. This policy addition treats PIPAC as an E/I/U technology in coverage determinations.
Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is classified as not medically necessary because it is considered experimental, investigational, and unproven for all indications; available data do not establish a clear clinical or survival benefit to support routine coverage.
Use of PIPAC for any indication is considered not medically necessary / experimental per this policy. The policy update adds PIPAC to the list of technologies designated E/I/U and notes that coding was updated to include PIPAC-relevant procedure codes for administrative handling.
Covered and Non-covered Regimens
| Regimen | Indication / Notes | Coverage Status |
|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC/IPHC) | ||
| Adjunct to cytoreductive surgery when recommended by applicable NCCN Guidelines; tumor types specifically listed in policy include: colon cancer; gastric cancer; peritoneal mesothelioma; ovarian cancer (including epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer). See PSOGI guidance for HIPEC regimens. | ||
| Covered when criteria met (NCCN-recommended indications) |
| Regimen | Agents / Delivery | Coverage Status |
|---|---|---|
| Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) | ||
| Includes PIPAC using oxaliplatin, cisplatin/doxorubicin, or other chemotherapeutic agents; delivered laparoscopically as a pressurized aerosol, typically without extensive cytoreduction and often used repeatably in unresectable or refractory peritoneal metastases. | ||
| Not covered — experimental / investigational / unproven for all indications |
| Regimen | Policy Statement | Coverage Status |
|---|---|---|
| Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) | ||
| Policy designation: PIPAC is considered Experimental, Investigational, and Unproven (E/I/U) for all indications; current evidence is insufficient to establish a definitive clinical or survival benefit. Services in the context of clinical trials are subject to the Plan's Clinical Trials policy and member benefits. | ||
| Not covered — experimental / investigational / unproven for all indications |
Billing and Codes
| C45.1 | Mesothelioma of peritoneum |
| C48.0 | Malignant neoplasm of retroperitoneum |
| C48.1 | Malignant neoplasm of specified parts of peritoneum |
| C48.2 | Malignant neoplasm of peritoneum, unspecified |
| C48.8 | Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of retroperitoneum and peritoneum |
| C78.6 | Secondary malignant neoplasm of retroperitoneum and peritoneum |
| 49329 | Unlisted laparoscopy procedure, abdomen, peritoneum and omentum |
| 96547 | Intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) procedure, including separate incision(s) and closure, when performed; first 60 minutes (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure) |
| 96548 | Intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) procedure, including separate incision(s) and closure, when performed; each additional 30 minutes (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure) |
| 96446 | Chemotherapy administration into peritoneal cavity |
| 96549 | Unlisted chemotherapy procedure |
| unspecified PIPAC codes | Policy states coding was updated to include PIPAC-relevant codes (exact codes listed elsewhere in full policy). |
Provider Responsibilities and Prior Authorization
Submit prior authorization when required
Prior authorization may be required for certain drugs, devices, services, and procedures; when required, providers must submit a request demonstrating that the drug, service, or procedure is medically necessary per the Priority Health Provider Manual.
- Submit prior authorization requests when indicated on the Provider Manual.
- Demonstrate medical necessity in the request documentation.
Use updated coding and request prior authorization for PIPAC
Prior authorization is required per plan policy where applicable and coding updates include PIPAC‑specific procedure codes; providers must use the updated procedure codes on authorization requests when submitting for PIPAC-related services.
- Use the policy's updated coding that includes PIPAC-relevant procedure codes on authorization requests.
- Ensure authorization requests reflect the revised policy scope that includes PIPAC.
No additional action stated
(No additional provider action specified in source material for this placeholder.)
No additional action stated
(No additional provider action specified in source material for this placeholder.)
Provide documentation to demonstrate medical necessity with prior auth
Providers must submit prior authorization requests where required and demonstrate medical necessity; individual consideration for investigational treatments requires prior plan approval and review by a Priority Health medical director or clinical pharmacist.
- Include clinical rationale and supporting documentation to demonstrate medical necessity.
- Requests for investigational treatments require prior plan approval and will be reviewed by medical leadership.
Document clinical trial participation and benefits applicability
Services provided as part of a clinical trial are governed by the Plan's Clinical Trials policy and member benefits; documentation should reference trial enrollment and applicability of member benefits.
- Document clinical trial enrollment and indicate whether the Plan's Clinical Trials policy applies for the member.
- Follow the Plan's Clinical Trials policy for coverage determinations on trial-related services.
Obtain prior approval for experimental/investigational/unproven (E/I/U) treatments
Requests for experimental, investigational, or unproven treatments will be denied unless approved by a Priority Health medical director or clinical pharmacist; individual case review may allow coverage for investigational yet promising care with prior plan approval.
- Obtain prior plan approval for E/I/U treatments to avoid denial.
- Requests for exception require review and approval by medical leadership.
PIPAC is treated as experimental/investigational/unproven
Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is designated experimental/investigational/unproven for all indications and requests for PIPAC billed as standard‑of‑care will be subject to denial.
- Do not bill PIPAC as standard‑of‑care without prior plan approval.
- Seek prior plan approval and medical director review if requesting coverage for PIPAC in an individual case.
Key Definitions
Therapy Line and Clinical Context
informational
Background and Rationale
Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC/HIPEC) is administered intraoperatively as an adjunct to cytoreductive surgery to circulate heated chemotherapy within the peritoneal cavity; by contrast, PIPAC delivers aerosolized chemotherapy laparoscopically under pressure. The current policy addition explicitly designates PIPAC as experimental/investigational/unproven for all indications and updates coding to capture PIPAC‑related procedure codes. Providers should note that HIPEC and IPHC remain addressed separately under indications supported by applicable guidelines.
Document Revision History
Policy effective date updated to include PIPAC designation and coding changes; PIPAC added as experimental/investigational/unproven for all indications.
Policy last reviewed; background and references updated and policy scope/name revised to explicitly include PIPAC.
Policy underwent committee review (listed among past committee review dates).
Policy underwent committee review (listed among past committee review dates).
Initial/early committee review date recorded among past committee review dates.
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