Balloon Dilation of the Eustachian Tube
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Defines Moda Health coverage, medical necessity criteria, exclusions, required documentation, and coding for balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET) in adults; applies to providers requesting prior authorization for members.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage and Medical Necessity Criteria
Initial therapy (medical necessity)
Covered when ALL of the following are met:
Age and duration
- Symptom specifics: Presence of aural fullness and pressure; symptoms are continuous rather than episodic (not limited to barochallenge); patient is NOT diagnosed with patulous ETD; other causes of aural fullness (e.g., TMJ disorder, extrinsic obstruction, superior semicircular canal dehiscence, endolymphatic hydrops) have been ruled out; patient has not previously had balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET)
Enumerated symptom and exclusion requirements.
Policy specifies required diagnostic test results.
Policy requires documentation of medical management failure when applicable.
Policy lists Valsalva-based demonstration of reversibility.
Balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET) is NOT medically necessary for indications outside of the specific coverage criteria listed in this policy. The procedure is also specifically designated as investigational for repeat BDET and for any other uses not covered by the stated medical necessity criteria.
Contraindications to balloon dilation include patients with extrinsic reversible or irreversible causes of eustachian tube dysfunction. Examples include, but are not limited to: enlarged adenoid pads, history of radiation therapy to the nasopharynx, craniofacial syndromes (including cleft palate spectrum), nasopharyngeal mass or skull base neoplasm, and neoplasms causing extrinsic obstruction of the eustachian tube. Additional contraindications listed are patulous eustachian tube dysfunction, aural fullness with normal exam and tympanogram, and chronic and severe atelectatic ears (retracted tympanic membrane).
Repeat balloon dilation of the eustachian tube is considered investigational and not medically necessary. Requests for repeat BDET do not meet coverage criteria under this policy.
Any indication that does not meet the explicit medical necessity criteria set forth in this policy is considered not medically necessary and will not be covered.
Procedure and Diagnosis Codes
| 69705 | Nasopharyngoscopy, surgical, with dilation of eustachian tube (ie, balloon dilation); unilateral. |
| 69706 | Nasopharyngoscopy, surgical, with dilation of eustachian tube (ie, balloon dilation); bilateral. |
| 69799 | Unlisted procedure, middle ear. |
| C9745 | Nasal endoscopy, surgical; balloon dilation of eustachian tube |
| No codes listed |
| No codes listed |
Prior Authorization, Documentation, and Denial Risk
Prior authorization must include chart notes and abnormal tympanogram/tympanic membrane documentation; list covered codes
Prior authorization is required and must include chart notes plus documentation of an abnormal tympanogram or tympanic membrane abnormality. Covered procedure codes to reference on the authorization are CPT 69705, 69706, 69799 and HCPCS C9745.
Document failure of medical management for co-occurring conditions when applicable
When applicable, document that the member failed to respond to medical management of co-occurring conditions before BDET is performed (examples provided by the policy).
- Allergic rhinitis/rhinosinusitis: trial of medical therapy including 4–6 weeks of a nasal steroid if indicated.
- Laryngopharyngeal reflux: trial of proton pump inhibitor or antacid therapy.
Information required with prior authorization: chart notes, history, treatment, and tympanic membrane/tympanogram documentation
Include chart notes with history documenting the diagnosis and prior treatments for chronic eustachian tube dysfunction, plus documentation of tympanic membrane abnormality and/or an abnormal tympanogram.
- History and treatment details for chronic ETD.
- Otoscopy findings showing tympanic membrane abnormality (retraction, effusion, perforation, or other abnormality).
- Tympanogram result demonstrating Type B or C when available.
Denial triggers: missing medical necessity elements or contraindications
Requests may be denied if all medical necessity criteria are not met; common denial triggers include insufficient symptom duration, patient age under 18, lack of abnormal tympanogram or tympanic membrane findings, prior BDET, or listed contraindications.
- Symptoms less than three months in duration.
- Patient is younger than 18 years.
- No documentation of abnormal tympanogram (Type B or C) or abnormal tympanic membrane on otoscopy.
- Prior balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET) already performed.
- Presence of contraindications (e.g., extrinsic causes such as enlarged adenoids, history of nasopharyngeal radiation, craniofacial syndromes, nasopharyngeal mass, patulous ETD, chronic severe atelectatic ears).
Clinical Background
Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) presents with symptoms such as muffled hearing, aural fullness, ear popping, tinnitus, or balance problems and can progress to hearing loss or chronic middle ear disease. Balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET) is a minimally invasive transnasal procedure intended to increase patency of the cartilaginous portion of the eustachian tube and reduce inflammation by brief balloon inflation. Clinical selection for BDET relies on symptom duration, objective findings (for example, abnormal tympanogram Type B or C and abnormal tympanic membrane on otoscopy), and demonstration of reversibility (such as relief with a Valsalva maneuver).
Key Definitions
Policy Revision History
Policy effective date set to 2026-02-01 reflecting the annual review with no clinical changes
Last review completed on 2026-01-28 (annual review noting no changes)
Requirements demonstrating reversibility of eustachian tube dysfunction were added effective 2025-02-01
Contraindication updated to add 'skull base neoplasm' effective 2024-02-01
Annual review completed with no changes effective 2023-02-01
Annual review completed with no changes effective 2022-02-01
CPT code C9745 was added to the criteria effective 2021-04-15
Policy originated with new criteria on 2021-01-27 (date of origin 1/2021)
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