STEROID-ELUTING SINUS STENTS AND IMPLANTS (FORMERLY STEROID-ELUTING SINUS STENTS)
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This policy governs the coverage stance for use of steroid-eluting sinus stents and implants (including postoperative use after endoscopic sinus surgery and treatment of recurrent sinonasal polyposis) for Capital Bluecross members and applicable products administered by Capital Blue.
Policy reverted back to being completely investigational (INV) after a major review and updated coding table including addition of C2625.
Updated policy statement with additional criteria for sinus implants during a minor review.
Clinical Benefit header was added to the document.
Coverage Determinations
Investigational indications
Policy coverage determinations
Insufficient evidence to support a general conclusion concerning the health outcomes or benefits associated with this procedure.
Evidence from randomized trials is limited by risk of bias and is insufficient to determine improvement in net health outcome.
Insufficient evidence to support a general conclusion concerning the health outcomes or benefits associated with this procedure.
Not medically necessary / Investigational
Covered only when criteria met
Procedure codes used to report placement are listed in the coding section but investigational uses are not covered; claims may be denied. Coverage is contingent on member benefit and medical necessity and providers must verify product applicability.
This policy applies only to certain programs and products administered by Capital Bluecross. Providers should check product applicability prior to requesting authorization or submitting claims; for example, FEP PPO follows the FEP Medical Policy Manual and providers should refer to that manual for coverage determinations for FEP members.
Placement of sinus stents and implants reported with the procedure codes listed in the coding section of this policy is investigational and therefore not covered. Claims submitted using those procedure codes for placement of steroid-eluting sinus stents or implants may be denied on that basis.
The use of steroid-eluting sinus stents and implants for postoperative treatment following endoscopic sinus surgery and for treatment of recurrent sinonasal polyposis is classified as investigational due to insufficient evidence to support improved net health outcomes. Consequently, these uses are considered not medically necessary under this policy.
Overall, the policy states that the use of steroid-eluting sinus stents and implants is investigational in all other conditions because there is insufficient evidence to support a general conclusion regarding associated health outcomes or benefits. The policy was reverted to a completely investigational stance following recent review, and coding updates were made at that time.
Investigational use may lead to claim denial
Claims for steroid‑eluting sinus stents and implants used postoperatively following endoscopic sinus surgery or for treatment of recurrent sinonasal polyposis may be denied because the policy states these uses are investigational and insufficient evidence exists to support health‑outcome benefits.
- Check member benefit and medical necessity before submission; investigational status may result in claim denial.
Procedure codes for placement are investigational and not covered
Placement of sinus stents and implants is listed as investigational and therefore not covered; procedure codes used to report placement are considered investigational and claims using those codes may be denied.
- Prior authorization will not convert investigational uses to covered services.
- Verify product applicability and member benefit before billing — coding alone does not imply coverage.
Procedure and Device Coding
| FDA product code OWO | Device regulatory product code noted for steroid-eluting sinus implants |
| C2625 | Code added to coding table (document notes C2625 was added) |
Provider Actions, Billing, and Authorization
Check product/program applicability before authorization
Verify product- and program-specific applicability (including special programs such as FEP PPO) and the member's benefit plan before requesting authorization or scheduling the procedure.
Investigational procedure coding — implications for prior authorization
Procedure codes for steroid-eluting sinus stents/implants are listed in the policy coding section and placement is investigational; prior authorization will not convert investigational uses into covered services and claims may be denied.
- Policy coding listing does not denote coverage.
- Prior authorization cannot make an investigational procedure covered.
Postoperative treatment alternatives to stents/implants
Use conservative postoperative treatments that are supported by the evidence prior to considering implantable stents: options include saline irrigation, topical nasal steroid spray, and sinus cavity debridement; the optimal regimen is uncertain.
- Saline irrigation
- Topical nasal steroid spray
- Sinus cavity debridement
- Other options noted: nasal packs, systemic steroids, topical decongestants, oral antibiotics
Document indication and prior treatments for requests
Confirm and document the specific medical indication and that any requested service aligns with policy definitions and investigational stance; ensure all requests reference the member's diagnosis and prior treatments.
Verify member product applicability and program guidance
Verify the member’s product applicability and benefits (this policy applies only to certain programs and products administered by Capital Blue); check program-specific guidance (for example, FEP PPO refers to the FEP Medical Policy Manual) before providing services.
Ensure coverage contingent on member benefit and medical necessity
Confirm member benefit eligibility and medical necessity before billing; the presence of a code in the coding section does not by itself indicate coverage and services must be medically necessary per the member's benefit terms.
Clinical and Policy Background
Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory condition affecting a notable portion of the population and is commonly treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) when conservative measures fail. ESS has high reported rates of symptomatic improvement in appropriately selected patients, but postoperative inflammation, edema, and scarring can complicate recovery. Various postoperative regimens (for example, saline irrigation, topical nasal steroid sprays, and debridement) are used to reduce inflammation and maintain sinus patency; clinical evidence is limited regarding whether steroid-eluting sinus stents or implants provide a consistent net health benefit over standard postoperative care.
Key Definitions
Policy Revision History
Removed Benefit Variations section (administrative).
Major review: policy reverted to completely investigational (INV); background, rationale, and references updated; coding table updated and C2625 added.
Minor review: updated policy statement with additional criteria for sinus implants and updated references.
Added 'Clinical Benefit' to the document header (administrative).
Administrative update: new codes added effective 07/01/2020.
Consensus review: title changed to 'Steroid-Eluting Sinus Stents'; no changes to policy statements.
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