CurrentBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode IslandPolicy N/A

peanut_allergen_powder_dnfp_medical_necessity_review

Defines coverage stance for peanut allergen powder-dnfp (Palforzia) for Medicare Advantage and commercial products, with clinical background, trial evidence summary, billing guidance (unlisted HCPCS J8499), and benefit-direction to refer to contract benefits.

Policy Summary

PayerBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island

Policypeanut_allergen_powder_dnfp_medical_necessity_review

Policy CodePolicy N/A

Change TypeNo material change

Effective DateApr 1, 2021

Next Review Date

Key ActionRefer to the applicable Benefit Booklet, Evidence of Coverage or Subscriber Agreement for member-specific coverage determinations.

SourceLink

POLICY UPDATE CHANGES

No material clinical or coverage changes were made in this update.

Not coveredMedicare Advantage

Not medically necessaryCommercial products

J8499Billing guidance

Coverage Summary & Determination

Palforzia (Peanut [Arachis hypogaea] allergen powder-dnfp) is an oral peanut allergen powder used as oral immunotherapy to desensitize patients to peanut. The FDA approved Palforzia on January 31, 2020 for mitigation of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental peanut exposure in patients with a confirmed peanut allergy; initial dose escalation is approved for ages 4 through 17 years and up‑dosing/maintenance may continue in patients 4 years and older. Despite evidence of increased desensitization in trials, this policy states the product is not covered for Medicare Advantage plans and not medically necessary for commercial products because the evidence is insufficient to determine effects on net health outcomes.

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Actions for Providers / Billing Impact

Documentation Required

Refer to benefit contract

Benefits and coverage can differ by group and contract. Providers should refer to the member's applicable Benefit Booklet, Evidence of Coverage, or Subscriber Agreement for specific coverage determinations before providing or billing for Palforzia.

Billing Rule

Use unlisted HCPCS code for claims

There is no specific CPT code for Palforzia. Claims for Palforzia should be filed using the unlisted HCPCS code listed below.

J8499

Denial Risk

Potential claim denial for non-covered therapy

Palforzia is considered not covered for Medicare Advantage plans and not medically necessary for commercial products under this policy; claims may therefore be denied or not reimbursed per the applicable coverage determination.

Clinical Background and Evidence Summary

Palforzia is a defatted, slightly roasted peanut flour formulated with a characterized peanut allergen profile and administered orally in gradually increasing doses as immunotherapy to desensitize patients. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Palforzia on January 31, 2020 for mitigation of allergic reactions from accidental peanut exposure in patients with a confirmed peanut allergy; initial dose escalation is authorized for ages 4–17 years and maintenance/up‑dosing may be continued in patients 4 years and older. Standard care for peanut allergy remains strict avoidance of peanut-containing foods and prompt treatment of reactions (including epinephrine). Clinical trials (PALISADE, ARTEMIS, RAMSES) demonstrated increased proportions of patients tolerating challenge doses of peanut protein but also showed higher rates of adverse events and uncertainty about long-term net health benefit, leading to insufficient evidence to support coverage.

Study / Endpoint	Result
PALISADE primary endpoint	67.2% treated vs 4.0% placebo could ingest ≥600 mg peanut protein without dose-limiting symptoms (difference 63.2%, 95% CI 53.0 to 73.3, p<.001)
ARTEMIS primary endpoint	58% treated vs 2% placebo could tolerate 1000 mg peanut protein (p<.0001)
Adverse events increased	Higher rates in treated group: serious AEs (2.2% vs 0.8%), systemic allergic reactions (14.2% vs 3.2%), epinephrine use outside challenge (14.0% vs 6.5%), withdrawal due to AEs (11.6% vs 2.4%)

Definition: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp — a defatted, slightly roasted peanut flour with a characterized peanut allergen profile used for oral immunotherapy (Palforzia) administered in gradually increasing oral doses to desensitize patients to peanut.

Revision History

01|31|2020regulatory_approval

FDA approved Palforzia (Peanut [Arachis hypogaea] Allergen Powder-dnfp) for mitigation of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to peanut; initial dose escalation for ages 4–17 and up-dosing/maintenance for patients 4 years and older.

04|01|2021policy_effective

Policy effective date establishing coverage determinations: not covered for Medicare Advantage plans and not medically necessary for commercial products due to insufficient evidence on net health outcomes.

06|20|2024policy_reviewLatest

Policy last reviewed; reaffirmed coverage stance noting trial evidence (PALISADE, ARTEMIS, RAMSES) showing increased desensitization but higher adverse events and insufficient long-term net health benefit.

OpenPayer

peanut_allergen_powder_dnfp_medical_necessity_review

Coverage Summary & Determination

Actions for Providers / Billing Impact

Coding Guidance

Clinical Background and Evidence Summary

Revision History