Quality Care Dosing (QCD) Guidelines List — drug-specific quantity and daily limits
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Lists per-period quantity (QCD) limits and maximum daily doses for many prescription medications and indicates prior authorization (PA), step therapy (ST), specialty (SP/SPO) flags, and non-covered status; applicable to providers and pharmacies dispensing to BCBS MA members.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage rules and quantity/dose limits
General coverage rules (listed dosing limits and management flags)
Coverage is governed by listed QCD limits and flags; products marked with '*' indicate non-covered or under-review status and PA/ST/SP flags indicate management requirements.
PA, ST, SP or SPO annotations shown with products denote prior authorization, step therapy, or specialty handling requirements which must be satisfied for coverage.
General QCD coverage rules
Coverage is governed by listed QCD limits and Maximum Daily Dose; utilization flags affect authorization requirements.
Age-based exclusions where shown (e.g., 'Excluded for 18 years and older') also affect coverage.
Quantity and Dose Limits
Coverage for a listed drug is constrained by the following dosing/quantity rules:
Some products use alternate interval windows (e.g., 21, 22, 28, 56, 84 days) or kit-specific limits; see individual product entries for exact numeric values.
Utilization Management Flags
Utilization management flags that affect coverage:
Flags are shown inline with products (e.g., (PA)(SPO)) and may also indicate specialty channel routing or additional documentation expectations.
Per-product QCD coverage rule
Coverage and limits are governed by per-product QCD limits and annotations; coverage may require PA/SP/SPO or be listed as non-covered.
Specific numeric QCD limits and Maximum Daily Dose values are provided for each product entry in the list and must be used to determine allowable dispensing and authorization needs.
Entries in the QCD list that are annotated with a single asterisk (*) are identified in the document as Non-Covered Drug. The list uses this marker inline with product rows to indicate those products are not covered under the benefit unless an approved exception applies.
The document also includes a legend line showing the double-asterisk notation: ** = Drug Non-Covered while under review, which signals items under active review and not covered pending that review.
Some product rows include an asterisk (*) to signal non-coverage and additionally specify age-based exclusions in the same row. For example, several entries list formulations with parenthetical notes such as "(Excluded for 18 years and older)" alongside the product and its QCD values — indicating the product is not covered for members aged 18 years and older in those formulations.
The presence of (PA), (ST), or (SP) alongside an asterisk does not negate the non-covered annotation; it is an explicit exclusion or age-limited exclusion called out in the product line.
The policy uses two distinct asterisk markers: a single asterisk (*) denotes a Non-Covered Drug, while a double asterisk (**) denotes a Drug Non-Covered while under review. These markers are defined in the document legend and are applied consistently in the product list to indicate current coverage status or items temporarily not covered during review.
When a product line is marked with ** it indicates the drug is actively under review and coverage is not available during that review period; single * indicates a standing non-coverage designation.
The non-covered markers occur repeatedly throughout the QCD table: product rows and section dividers are followed at intervals by lines or headings that reiterate the meaning of the markers (e.g., '* Non-Covered Drug' and '** Drug Non-Covered while under review').
These repeats in the printed list serve as reminders that individual entries annotated with the asterisks carry the non-coverage status and may be subject to denial if submitted without an approved exception.
Legend: * = Non-Covered Drug; ** = Drug Non-Covered while under review. This brief legend appears in the document and is the authoritative explanation for the asterisk markers used in product rows.
Where the legend is shown, it applies to the product entries in the adjacent pages or sections and should be used to interpret any asterisked rows.
Across multiple sections the single- and double-asterisk markers are repeated alongside product listings and section breaks to emphasize coverage status. The document inserts these marker reminders in page headers or footers near blocks of products to ensure consistent interpretation.
These repeated marker lines are not separate coverage rules but are annotations to help readers identify which listed products are non-covered or under review at a glance.
Numerous products in the table are shown with an asterisk (*) directly next to the product name or strength. When present, the asterisk flags that specific product presentation as a Non-Covered Drug in the QCD list (for example, select strengths of Abilify MYCITE and many Fragmin presentations are shown with a leading asterisk).
Providers should treat any product line with an asterisk as excluded from coverage under the standard benefit unless the payer has issued an exception or other guidance.
Non-covered markers are explanatory annotations used to distinguish administrative coverage status from dosing or quantity limits. A starred product line does not imply a dosing limit change — rather it indicates the product is not covered (single *) or is not covered while under review (**).
The QCD list uses these markers in lieu of separate clinical criteria for non-coverage; the legend and repeated headings provide the policy context for those entries.
Example: Zegerid 20 mg and 40 mg are listed with an asterisk and the parenthetical notation "(Excluded for 18 years and older)", meaning those strengths are not covered for members aged 18 years and older as shown in the product row.
The asterisk markers appear repeatedly on product rows throughout the list. Their repetition underscores that non-coverage is assessed at the specific product/presentation level (strength, formulation or kit) rather than applying uniformly across a brand.
When an item is starred, verify the exact formulation/strength row to confirm the non-coverage designation for that presentation.
This excerpt does not present explicit clinical criteria labeled "not medically necessary." Instead, coverage is determined by the combination of the QCD limit, the listed Maximum Daily Dose, and annotations including * (Non-Covered) or PA/ST/SP flags. The document states that no medical necessity criteria are included in this segment.
Several product lines combine the non-covered marker with an explicit age exclusion (e.g., Dexilant, Nexium, pantoprazole, and Zegerid entries indicate "(Excluded for 18 years and older)"). Where that language appears on a product row, coverage is excluded for the specified age group for that formulation.
Providers should confirm the member age and the exact product formulation prior to dispensing when age-based exclusions are indicated.
Codes, annotation legend, and QCD period
| No codes listed |
| No codes listed |
| PA | Prior Authorization required (annotation in list) |
| SP | Specialty product designation |
| SPO | Specialty product/office-administered designation |
| ST | Step therapy required (annotation) |
| * | Non-covered drug marker |
| ** | Drug non-covered while under review |
Authorization, documentation, and denial risk guidance
Prior authorization / Specialty / Step therapy requirements
Many specialty and biologic products listed in this QCD table require prior authorization and often have specialty (SP/SPO) handling or site-of-care designations. When a product is marked (PA), (SP), (SPO) or (ST) in the QCD list the provider must follow the payer’s authorization, specialty routing, and step-therapy rules before dispensing.
- Prior authorization required for drugs marked (PA) — examples throughout the list include many inhalers, injectables, and oral specialty agents.
- Specialty pharmacy routing or site-of-care (SP/SPO) applies to many biologics — examples include adalimumab products, Humira®, Stelara/Ustekinumab, and multiple others.
- Step therapy (ST) flags are used where indicated — examples include Actonel®, Farxiga®, and several chronic-care oral therapies.
Required documentation for PA / SP requests
When a product carries a (PA) designation the request must include clinical justification and dosing details. For specialty or site-of-care products (SP or SPO) include documentation of intended infusion or administration site if applicable.
- Provide diagnosis, prior treatments tried and failed (for ST when applicable), and the rationale for the requested agent (for PA).
- Supply exact dosing regimen, strength, quantity requested, and frequency — match the QCD limit fields where relevant (per-30-day limits and Maximum Daily Dose).
- For SP/SPO products include planned dispensing channel (specialty pharmacy vs. physician-administered), and any infusion or clinic scheduling needs.
Quantity limits and exceedance documentation
Quantity limits and Maximum Daily Dose (QCD) in the list are enforceable. Requests exceeding the QCD limit or Maximum Daily Dose require explicit clinical justification and will trigger additional review and potential denial if not supported.
- If requesting quantities above the listed QCD limit provide weight-based dosing, prescriber notes showing medical necessity, or a specialist consult note as applicable.
- For dose-dense or accelerated regimens, include treatment protocol and expected duration to support above-limit dosing.
- Be aware: exceeding QCD or Maximum Daily Dose is a common denial reason — include supporting lab values, prior response documentation, or prior authorization from specialty pharmacy when possible.
Non-coverage and review indicators
Non-covered drugs and agents listed as under review are identified with an asterisk (*) or double-asterisk (**). Claims for non-covered medications or drugs under review may deny; do not assume coverage until payer confirms.
- '*' = Non-covered drug; '**' = Drug non-covered while under review — check the list entry before submitting a PA.
- If a product is non-covered, consider formulary alternatives or submit a coverage exception request with strong clinical rationale.
- Confirm member’s plan benefits and use the payer’s prior authorization portal or specialty pharmacy contact for final determination.
Step therapy requirements and documentation
Step therapy (ST) flags require verification that first-line or preferred therapies were tried and failed per the payer’s step edits. Include dates and outcomes of prior therapies when submitting a PA or override request.
- List prior agents, dates of therapy, reason for discontinuation (e.g., lack of efficacy, adverse event), and relevant objective data.
- For migraine, cardiometabolic, and osteoporosis agents (examples in the table) follow the specific step pathways documented by the payer.
- If exemption to step therapy is requested, provide clinical contraindication evidence or specialist recommendation.
Authorization fields and required dosing documentation
Follow the payer’s documentation expectations: include prescriber NPI, specialty, ICD-10 diagnosis codes, and the exact quantity/days supply requested. When requesting amounts above QCD, clearly state the requested daily dose and supporting clinical rationale.
- Required: prescriber NPI and contact, diagnosis with supporting clinical notes, previous therapies tried and response.
- Include drug-specific dosing calculations when quantity requested differs from QCD (e.g., mg/kg dosing, vial counts).
- Attach lab results, weight/height, or imaging reports when pertinent to justify higher-than-listed doses.
Submission routing for PA / SP / SPO products
Use the payer’s prior authorization system or specialty pharmacy intake for PA/SP/SPO products. For drugs designated (SPO) or requiring site-of-care review, coordinate with the payer to confirm whether physician-administered or specialty pharmacy dispensing is required.
- Contact the payer’s specialty pharmacy or prior authorization unit for submission pathways and expected turnaround times.
- When submitting for SPO products include proposed administration site and any applicable facility codes.
- For bundled kits or starter packs, reference the exact kit name and quantity per the QCD entry to avoid mis-routing.
Provider actions when flags are present
When PA/ST/SP flags are present the provider should expect a review window and potential requirement for peer-to-peer discussion if information is incomplete. Monitor the member’s benefits and prior authorization status before dispensing.
- Do not dispense large quantities on assumption of retroactive coverage; follow payer guidance and await authorization when possible.
- If urgent treatment is needed, indicate urgency on the PA and supply supporting clinical notes to expedite review.
- Keep documentation of all communications and authorization numbers in the patient chart.
Action checklist
Summary — key takeaways for providers: products marked (PA), (SP), (SPO), or (ST) require prior authorization, specialty routing, or step-therapy adherence; QCD limits are enforced and exceeding them requires clear justification; non-covered markers indicate likely denial unless a coverage exception is approved.
- Before prescribing, check the QCD table for PA/ST/SP/SPO flags and the listed QCD limits and Maximum Daily Dose.
- Include complete dosing, prior therapy history, diagnosis codes, and supporting clinical documentation with all PA requests.
- For non-covered or under-review items, seek formulary alternatives or submit a coverage exception with robust clinical justification.
Document purpose and scope
The dosing limits table is intended to standardize the allowable quantities dispensed per member over defined windows and to cap daily dosing for safety and utilization management. The per-entry QCD values and the listed Maximum Daily Dose fields together define the permitted dispensing amount and the safety ceiling for daily use.
Key terms and legend
Products subject to step therapy
| Product | Coverage note |
|---|---|
| Actonel (ST) — multiple strengths (e.g., 150 mg, 35 mg, 5/30 mg) | |
| Atelvia DR (ST) 35 mg | |
| Summary: Step therapy applies for products flagged (ST); examples shown above |
| Statement | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Drugs annotated with (ST) are indicated in the QCD list | |
| These products are subject to step therapy requirements prior to coverage per the payer's pharmacy programs |
| Example product | ST annotation / note |
|---|---|
| Dihydroergotamine (ST) — nasal spray 4 mg/mL, QCD = 1 package (8 units) per 22 days | |
| Eucrisa appears with (ST) annotation in list segments (ST indicates step therapy applies) |
| General note | Implication |
|---|---|
| Products marked (ST) in the QCD list indicate step therapy requirements may apply. | |
| Specific step sequences or required prior agents are not provided in this excerpt; follow the payer's step therapy program for details. |
| Product | Annotation |
|---|---|
| Migranal (ST) — 4 mg/mL, 1 = 1 package (8 units) per 22 days | |
| Annotation indicates Migranal is flagged with (ST) and step therapy may apply before coverage |
| Statement | Application |
|---|---|
| Products annotated with (ST) in the list are subject to step therapy prior to coverage. | |
| Providers should confirm step therapy requirements when a product is flagged (ST) before submitting for coverage. |
| Policy summary | Program implication |
|---|---|
| Drugs annotated with (ST) are subject to step therapy per the payer's pharmacy programs. | |
| Step therapy may require trial of preferred/alternative therapies before coverage of the (ST)-flagged agent is approved. |
| Examples | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Actonel (ST); Atelvia (ST); Trijardy XR (ST); Verquvo (ST); Veozah (ST) | |
| Products flagged (ST) may require trial of preferred therapies prior to coverage — check the QCD list and payer program for required steps. |
Per-product quantity limits (QCD) and maximum daily doses
Route SP/SPO products through specialty channels
Specialty-designated products (SP/SPO) noted in the QCD list are managed through specialty channels and may require specialty pharmacy handling or infusion center routing per the annotation.
Specialty and infusion handling
Specialty-designated products handled via specialty channels
Products designated SP or SPO in the list are managed through specialty programs and must be handled via specialty channels (e.g., infusion center or specialty pharmacy) as annotated.
Biosimilar references and handling
Adalimumab biosimilars marked PA/SPO — require PA and specialty handling
Adalimumab reference and biosimilar entries include QCD limits and are annotated with (PA) and (SPO) where applicable, indicating they require managed coverage and prior authorization through specialty channels.
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