GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP Agonist Drugs for Anti-Obesity Management and Other Non-Obesity Conditions
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This pharmacy medical policy governs prior authorization, coverage criteria, and approval durations for GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonist medications for anti-obesity management (and other FDA-approved indications) for BCBSMA commercial members with formulary coverage. It does not apply to Medicare Advantage and excludes members on the BCBSMA Focused Formulary where these drugs are not covered.
Effective 1/1/2026 coverage of GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonists are not a covered benefit for Commercial, MEDEX, and Managed Blue for Seniors members with the BCBSMA Focused Formulary.
Added Foundayo to the policy.
Updated criteria to include high dose Wegovy injection.
Added oral semaglutide to the policy for obesity and for risk reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Provided language for benefit exclusions effective 1/1/2026.
Coverage Criteria for GLP-1 / GLP-1-GIP Agents
Initial Therapy: Foundayo
Covered when ALL of the following are met
Continuation Therapy: Foundayo
Renewal covered when ALL of the following are met
Initial Therapy: Liraglutide and Saxenda
Covered when ALL of the following are met
Continuation Therapy: Liraglutide and Saxenda
Renewal covered when ALL of the following are met
Initial Therapy: Wegovy (oral & subcutaneous)
Covered when ALL of the following are met
Initial Therapy (Wegovy)
Wegovy (semaglutide) — Initial and MACE risk reduction criteria (oral and subcutaneous unless noted): Covered when ALL of the following are met
Subcutaneous only
Wegovy HD is NOT FDA approved for MACE risk reduction
MASH (Wegovy injection)
Wegovy — MASH indication (subcutaneous Wegovy only): Covered when ALL of the following are met
Tablets and Wegovy HD are NOT FDA approved for MASH
Initial & Continuation Therapy (Zepbound)
Zepbound (tirzepatide) — Initial and continuation coverage criteria: Covered when ALL of the following are met
Wegovy Continuation Therapy
Continuation therapy — Wegovy (semaglutide) renewal criteria
MACE Continuation (Wegovy)
Continuation — Wegovy for MACE risk reduction renewal
Wegovy HD not FDA approved for MACE
MASH Continuation (Wegovy injection)
Continuation — Wegovy for MASH renewal
Tablets and Wegovy HD are NOT FDA approved for MASH
Individual Consideration / Exception Request
Authorization and exception requests
Exceptions considered for therapeutic contraindications, history of adverse effects, or expected ineffectiveness or harm.
Members with the BCBSMA Focused Formulary: GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP medications for the treatment of obesity and other FDA‑approved indications are not a covered benefit for members on the BCBSMA Focused Formulary. The medical necessity review process is not available for these members; requests for coverage under this policy will be denied for Focused Formulary members. Providers should confirm the member’s formulary status before submitting a prior authorization request.
Wegovy HD and Wegovy tablets are NOT FDA approved for certain indications referenced in this policy. Specifically, Wegovy HD is not FDA approved for reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and both Wegovy tablets and Wegovy HD are not FDA approved for treatment of metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Subcutaneous Wegovy (injection) may be considered for MASH when the policy’s MASH criteria are met; tablets and Wegovy HD are explicitly excluded from the MASH indication. These FDA approval limitations must be considered when determining medical necessity and when documenting an authorization request.
Benefit exclusion language included in this policy is effective 1/1/2026. As noted in policy history and the coverage statements, effective January 1, 2026, coverage of GLP‑1 and GLP‑1/GIP agonists is not available for members on the BCBSMA Focused Formulary; additional specific exclusions and benefit details are defined elsewhere in the policy and in plan documents. Providers should apply the effective date when assessing member benefits and submitting prior authorization requests.
This policy does not apply to Medicare Advantage members. Additionally, the mail order pharmacy benefit is excluded for GLP‑1 and GLP‑1/GIP prescriptions; providers and pharmacies should follow the plan’s pharmacy routing guidance. All other requests under this policy require prior authorization using the Massachusetts Standard Form for Medication Prior Authorization Requests (eForm) or Form #434 as described in the submission instructions.
Requests based exclusively on the use of medication samples will not meet coverage criteria for an exception. For exception or individual consideration requests, providers must submit supporting clinical documentation (for example, chart notes, laboratory results, prior treatment history, and rationale) sufficient to demonstrate medical necessity beyond sample use. The Massachusetts Standard Form for Medication Prior Authorization Requests must be completed and included with supporting materials for atypical cases.
The policy history and coverage sections reference prior coverage clarifications and determinations of not‑covered status for certain agents historically (for example, removal of Belviq when discontinued). Providers should rely on the current policy and the plan’s formulary status chart when assessing coverage; historical determinations are noted in the policy history but do not substitute for current coverage rules or the prior authorization process.
Formulary Status, BMI Thresholds, and Coding Details
| Foundayo | orforglipron calcium; formulary status PA, QCD |
| Liraglutide (generic Saxenda) | NFNC, PA, QCD |
| Saxenda (liraglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Wegovy [Oral] (semaglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Wegovy, Wegovy HD [Subcutaneous] (semaglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Zepbound (tirzepatide) | PA, QCD |
| Foundayo | orforglipron calcium; formulary status PA, QCD |
| Liraglutide (generic Saxenda) | NFNC, PA, QCD |
| Saxenda (liraglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Wegovy [Oral] (semaglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Wegovy, Wegovy HD [Subcutaneous] (semaglutide) | PA, QCD |
| Zepbound (tirzepatide) | PA, QCD |
Authorization, Documentation, and Step Therapy Requirements
Prior authorization required; Approval lengths
Prior authorization is required for all GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonist requests. Initial approvals are for 6 months and continuation approvals are for 12 months; coverage is limited to a 28–30 day supply per fill with refills allowed after 75% of days exhausted.
- Submit prior authorization using the Massachusetts Standard Form (eForm) or paper Form #434 (see PA instructions).
Use Massachusetts Standard PA form for all requests
All requests must meet the payer's prior authorization requirement and be submitted using the Massachusetts Standard Form for Medication Prior Authorization Requests (eForm) or paper Form #434.
- Include clinical documentation to support requests and any exception rationale.
PA submission method — eForm or Form #434 required
Prior authorization requests must be submitted via the Massachusetts Standard Form (eForm) or mailed/faxed using Form #434; include supporting clinical documentation when requesting exceptions.
- Providers may call, fax, or mail the completed form to BCBSMA Pharmacy Operations (contact information in policy).
Prior use of preferred drugs required for liraglutide
For liraglutide (Saxenda) requests, provider must document prior use of preferred drugs and failure, or provide a clinical rationale for not using preferred medications (e.g., Saxenda and Wegovy).
- State prior preferred agents tried, dosing, duration, and reason for discontinuation or contraindication.
Prior failure with ≥2 formulary alternatives required for non‑covered drugs
For non-covered medications, the provider must document that the member had prior treatment failure with, or contraindication to, at least two covered formulary alternatives before an exception will be considered.
- Include names, strengths, durations, and specific reasons for treatment failure or contraindication for each formulary alternative tried.
Document prior failures with 2 formulary alternatives
Requests for non‑covered medications require documentation of prior treatment failure with, or contraindication to, at least two covered formulary alternatives when available; include specifics of each prior failure.
- Provide treatment dates, doses, and objective evidence of failure (e.g., intolerable adverse events, lack of efficacy).
Attest to prior 6‑month comprehensive weight loss plan
Provider must submit a physician attestation or documentation that the member completed a prior 6‑month comprehensive weight loss plan (reduced calorie diet, increased activity, behavioral modifications) and that medication will be used as an adjunct.
- Attestation must state participation and dates of the 6‑month program.
Include baseline BMI/weight and supporting clinical data
Submit baseline clinical data with the PA: baseline BMI and weight for adults, and baseline BMI, weight and BMI percent for pediatric requests; include chart notes and relevant laboratory results.
- For pediatrics (liraglutide or subcutaneous Wegovy), include BMI % standardized for age/gender.
- Include recent labs or imaging if relevant to indications (e.g., MASH evaluation).
Attach chart notes, labs, and details of alternatives tried
Provide supporting clinical documentation such as chart notes, lab results, clinical notes, and the names and strengths of formulary alternatives tried and failed to demonstrate the member meets all approval criteria.
- Attach clinical literature or guideline references for exception requests when applicable.
Denied for BCBSMA Focused Formulary members — not a covered benefit
Requests for members with the BCBSMA Focused Formulary will be denied because GLP‑1 and GLP‑1/GIP medications for obesity and other FDA‑approved indications are not a covered benefit for those members.
- The medical necessity review process is not available for Focused Formulary members.
Incomplete documentation may lead to denial
Requests missing supporting documentation (chart notes, labs, or other clinical information) that demonstrate the member met the approval criteria may be denied.
- Ensure documentation shows BMI eligibility, prior 6‑month weight‑loss plan, adherence/tolerability, and required prior trials where applicable.
Denial risk: unmet PA or missing prior‑failure documentation
Requests that do not meet prior authorization requirements or that lack documentation of required prior treatment failures (including the requirement for at least two formulary alternative failures for non‑covered drugs) may be denied.
- Verify PA form completion, inclusion of required supporting documents, and documented prior therapy failures or contraindications before submission.
Background and Clinical Context
GLP‑1 and GLP‑1/GIP receptor agonists are used for chronic weight management in adults, and select agents have pediatric indications. Coverage decisions in this policy require documentation of prior lifestyle modification efforts and ongoing participation in a comprehensive weight management plan. For pediatric indications, the policy lists agent‑specific thresholds (for example, subcutaneous Wegovy for ages 12–17 at or above the 95th percentile for BMI and liraglutide for ages 12–17 over 60 kg) that must be submitted with baseline BMI/weight and BMI percentile where applicable.
Definitions and Abbreviations
Policy Revision History and Material Changes
Foundayo (orforglipron calcium) was added to the policy following May P&T actions.
Criteria updated to include high‑dose Wegovy (subcutaneous) injection and oral semaglutide was added for obesity and MACE risk reduction.
Effective 1/1/2026, GLP‑1 and GLP‑1/GIP agonists are not a covered benefit for Commercial, MEDEX, and Managed Blue for Seniors members on the BCBSMA Focused Formulary (medical necessity review not available).
Policy name change and formatting update; note added that GLP‑1s in this policy are limited to a 30‑day supply.
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