Formulary Medical Necessity Program
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Defines medical necessity criteria and prior-authorization style requirements for non-site-specific outpatient formulary drugs for Blue Cross Blue Shield - Iowa members; applies to medications subject to the Formulary Medical Necessity Program not otherwise managed through drug-specific criteria.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage Criteria
Initial Approval (template)
Criteria for Initial Approval — examples (structure repeats per drug/group):
Source: general requirement for all sections
Number and identity of required formulary alternatives vary by drug/group (see individual sections).
Section I criteria
Section I example (inhaled corticosteroids):
Approval will be for 12 months where noted.
Section II criteria
Section II example (combination ICS/LABA inhalers):
Approval will be for 12 months.
Sections III–VI examples
Sections III–XVI (examples):
Approval will be for 12 months.
Approval will be for 12 months.
Approval will be for 12 months.
Approval will be for 12 months.
Section XVII: Not medically necessary list
Not medically necessary if criteria not met:
Enumerated product list considered not medically necessary if criteria unmet.
This policy may not apply to the Federal Employee Program (FEP). Benefit determinations for FEP participants are made by the Federal Employee Program and may differ from the provisions described in this document; verify member benefits and applicable contract language for FEP members.
The products enumerated in Section XVII of this policy are considered not medically necessary for patients who do not meet the coverage criteria set forth elsewhere in this document. If the required criteria (including documented indication, required prior trials of formulary alternatives, or an acceptable clinical reason preventing such trials) are not satisfied, coverage for the listed products will be denied as not medically necessary.
Initial Therapy Criteria (per product)
Initial therapy criteria (template)
Initial approval criteria per drug/group (template applied to each listed product):
See individual sections for the exact alternatives required (e.g., BOTH, ALL THREE, or single alternative).
Continuation Therapy Criteria
Continuation therapy duration
Continuing therapy approvals where stated:
Examples: Sections II, V, VI indicate 12-month approvals.
Step Therapy / Trials of Formulary Alternatives
| Drug / Drug Group | Required trials of formulary alternatives OR documented clinical reason preventing trials |
|---|---|
| I. Alvesco; beclomethasone dipropionate; Flovent; fluticasone (generic Flovent); Pulmicort Flexhaler | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Asmanex AND QVar at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason (e.g., expected adverse reaction or contraindication) prevents trying BOTH Asmanex AND QVar. |
| II. Advair Diskus (brand only); Advair HFA (brand only); AirDuo RespiClick (brand only); Symbicort (brand only); Dulera | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to ALL THREE Breo Ellipta, budesonide-formoterol (generic Symbicort), AND fluticasone-salmeterol (generic Advair) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying ALL THREE alternatives. |
| III. Umeclidinium-vilanterol (authorized generic of Anoro Ellipta) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to the formulary alternative Anoro Ellipta at optimal therapeutic dosage; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying Anoro Ellipta. |
| IV. Rapid-acting insulin analogs: Admelog; Apidra; Humalog; Humalog Mix; Humulin 70/30; Humulin N; Humulin R-100; Kirsty; Lyumjev; Merilog | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to ALL the formulary alternatives Fiasp, Novolin, Novolog, or Novolog Mix at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying ALL listed alternatives. |
| V. Basal insulins: Lantus; Levemir; Rezvoglar; Semglee (brand only) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Basaglar AND insulin glargine-yfgn at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| VI. Insulin degludec (generic Tresiba) and insulin glargine U-300 (generic Toujeo) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Tresiba (brand only) AND Toujeo (brand only) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| VII. Brenzavvy and generic equivalents; dapagliflozin (generic Farxiga); Inpefa; Invokana; Steglatro | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Farxiga (brand only) AND Jardiance at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| VIII. Dapagliflozin-Metformin (generic Xigduo XR); Invokamet (IR or XR); Segluromet | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Xigduo XR (brand only) AND Synjardy (IR or XR) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| IX. Brynovin (oral solution); Nesina (brand only); Onglyza and generic equivalents; Oseni (brand only); Tradjenta; Zituvio and generic equivalents | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH alogliptin (generic Nesina) AND Januvia at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| X. Jentadueto (IR and XR); Kazano (brand only); Kombiglyze ER and generic equivalents; Zituvimet (IR and XR) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH alogliptin-metformin (generic Kazano) AND Janumet (IR or XR) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| XI. Qtern; Steglujan | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to formulary alternative Glyxambi at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying Glyxambi. |
| XII. Pradaxa (brand only); Savaysa; rivaroxaban (generic Xarelto) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Eliquis AND Xarelto (brand only) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| XIII. Rivaroxaban (generic Xarelto) oral suspension | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to formulary alternative Xarelto (brand only) oral suspension at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying this formulary alternative. |
| XIV. Amitiza (brand only); Ibsrela; Motegrity (brand only); Pizensy | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to the formulary alternative Linzess at optimal therapeutic dosage; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying Linzess. |
| XV. Cequa; Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion (excludes Brand Restasis); Eysuvis; Miebo; Tryptyr; Tyrvaya; Vevye | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to BOTH Restasis (brand only) AND Xiidra at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying BOTH alternatives. |
| XVI. Mirabegron (generic Myrbetriq) | Patient tried and had inadequate response or intolerance to Myrbetriq (brand only) at optimal therapeutic dosages; OR documented clinical reason prevents trying Myrbetriq (brand only). |
Quantity Limits
Provider Actions and Documentation Requirements
Prior authorization: document indication and trials/contraindication
Prior authorization requires documentation that the requested drug is being used for an FDA‑approved indication or an indication supported in accepted compendia, plus evidence the patient tried and had an inadequate treatment response or intolerance to the specified formulary alternative(s) at optimal therapeutic dosages, or a documented clinical reason (expected adverse reaction or contraindication) that prevents trials of those formulary alternative(s). Approvals are for 12 months where stated.
- Requested drug used for FDA‑approved or compendia‑supported indication.
- Document trial and inadequate response or intolerance to required formulary alternative(s) at optimal dosages, OR documented clinical reason preventing those trials.
- Approval duration: 12 months where explicitly stated in the policy.
Prior authorization — general requirement; no specific PA codes listed
The policy text includes prior‑authorization style criteria for listed drugs, but the procedures and billing codes section contains no product‑specific prior authorization codes; providers should use usual CPT/HCPCS/diagnostic codes for reporting services.
- Policy includes clinical prior authorization criteria for drugs (see Sections I–XVII).
- PROCEDURES AND BILLING CODES: use appropriate CPT, HCPCS, Revenue, and/or ICD diagnostic codes as applicable; no specific PA billing codes are listed.
Step therapy: trial and failure of formulary alternatives required
Step‑therapy is required: members must have tried and had an inadequate response or intolerance to the enumerated formulary alternatives (the number and identity of required alternatives vary by drug/group) unless a documented clinical reason prevents those trials.
- Examples: Sections I and VI require trials of BOTH listed alternatives; Section II requires trials of ALL THREE listed alternatives.
- If trials cannot be completed, a documented clinical reason (expected adverse reaction or contraindication) must be provided.
No additional step‑therapy rules in reference section
The referenced chunks that list prescribing references do not specify additional step‑therapy rules beyond those already stated in the drug sections; these reference chunks contain citations only.
- Reference lists (prescribing information) are citations and do not add step‑therapy or authorization rules.
- Follow the step‑therapy requirements detailed in the relevant drug section(s) of the policy.
Required documentation to support prior authorization
Documentation submitted for prior authorization must demonstrate the requested drug is being used for an FDA‑approved indication or an indication supported in accepted compendia and must include evidence of trial and inadequate response or intolerance to the specified formulary alternatives, or a documented clinical reason preventing those trials.
- State the FDA‑approved or compendia‑supported indication.
- Provide records showing trials of required formulary alternative(s) at optimal therapeutic dosages and the inadequate response or intolerance, OR documentation of contraindication or expected adverse reaction preventing the trial.
Reference documents: consult prescribing information for product details
Prescribing information documents for the listed drugs are cited as references and should be consulted for product‑specific prescribing, dosing, and safety details when preparing authorization requests.
- Policy reference list includes product prescribing information (e.g., Tyrvaya, Lantus, Rezvoglar, etc.).
- Consult the cited prescribing information for drug‑specific details supporting the clinical rationale.
Denial risk if criteria not met for Section XVII products
Drugs enumerated in Section XVII are considered not medically necessary when the criteria in this policy are not met; failure to provide required documentation or meet trial requirements may result in denial of coverage for those products.
- Section XVII lists specific products that will be denied if the policy criteria are not satisfied.
- Ensure all required trial documentation or documented clinical reasons are included to avoid denial.
Reference section lists citations only; no authorization/denial rules present
The referenced chunk (references list) contains citations only and does not include authorization or denial criteria; it should be used to locate prescribing information but not as a source of additional coverage rules.
- Reference section lists prescribing information sources and does not change or add to the policy's authorization/denial criteria.
- Use these references to support clinical documentation but rely on the policy sections for coverage rules.
Coding / Billing
| To report provider services, use appropriate CPT* codes, Alpha Numeric (HCPCS level 2) codes, Revenue codes, and/or ICD diagnostic codes. |
Definitions / Formulary Alternatives
Background
The Formulary Medical Necessity Program is designed to ensure that patients either try or have a documented clinical reason not to try preferred formulary alternatives before coverage is provided for non-preferred or brand products. This approach aligns coverage decisions with product labeling and accepted compendia or guidelines and helps manage appropriate utilization of outpatient formulary drugs.
For prior authorization and initial approval, the policy requires documentation that the requested drug is being used for an FDA‑approved indication or an indication supported by recognized compendia, and that the member has had an inadequate response or intolerance to the specified formulary alternatives at optimal therapeutic dosages, or there is a documented clinical reason preventing those trials. Where specified, approvals are generally issued for 12 months.
References & Revision History
References: prescribing information documents for products cited in this policy. Consult the full prescribing information for product‑specific dosing, administration, and safety details.
Selected references include Tyrvaya [prescribing information]; Lantus, Lyumjev, Semglee [prescribing information]; Rezvoglar, Eysuvis, Ibsrela, Insulin Degludec, Inpefa, Brenzavvy, Miebo, Umeclidinium‑Vilanterol, Vevye, Zituvio, Zituvimet, Myrbetriq, and Xarelto prescribing information as listed in the policy reference section.
Reference documents cited in this policy are the individual product prescribing information (package inserts) for the listed drugs. These documents are provided as the source for product‑specific prescribing, dosing, and safety information and should be consulted when preparing documentation to support a prior authorization request.
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