Severe Malnutrition Payment Policy
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Governs retrospective coding validation and reimbursement for inpatient facility claims billed with a diagnosis of severe malnutrition for Health Plans affiliated with Centene/Arizona Complete Health.
Updated policy number from WC.PP.145 to CC.PP.145 and changed I.A.1.a from 16 kg/m2 to 18.5 kg/m2; changed several weight-loss criteria to > 2% in one week and removed albumin/prealbumin from I.A.
Corrected applicable products from 'Medicare' to 'All.'
References reviewed and updated; instances of 'members' corrected to 'members/enrollees'.
Corrected applicable products from 'Medicare' to 'All.'
Severe Malnutrition Coverage Criteria
Severe Malnutrition Documentation Criteria
For reimbursement of inpatient claims for severe malnutrition, ALL of the following criteria must be clearly documented in the inpatient hospital record by the physician or licensed independent practitioner.
Age ≥ 18 additional criteria (two of the following)
- Unintended weight loss meeting any of: > 2% in one week; > 5% in one month; > 7.5% in three months; > 10% in six months; > 20% in one year; or current body weight < 70% IBW.
- Decreased energy intake: ≤ 75% of estimated energy requirement for ≥ 1 month.
- Documented severe muscle wasting or documented severe loss of subcutaneous fat.
- Measurable and reduced grip strength.
- Documented severe fluid accumulation (edema) due to severe malnutrition.
Neonate-specific criteria
Neonate, age > 2 weeks and ≤ 28 days (one of the following)
- Decline in weight-for-age Z score: decline of > 2 SD.
- Weight gain velocity: < 25% of expected rate of weight gain to maintain growth rate.
- Nutrient intake: ≥ 7 consecutive days of protein/energy intake provides ≤ 75% of estimated needs.
- Linear growth velocity: < 25% of expected rate of linear gain to maintain expected growth rate.
- Decline in length-for-age Z score: decline of > 2 SD.
Neonate, age ≤ 2 weeks
- ≥ 7 consecutive days of protein/energy intake provides ≤ 75% of estimated needs.
General coverage guidance
High-level coverage and application notes for this payment policy.
Coding and Documentation Thresholds
| E43 | Unspecified severe protein-calorie malnutrition |
| No codes listed |
Provider Actions and Audit Procedures
Retrospective Audit and Medical Record Request
The Health Plan may conduct retrospective audits when paid claims data or proprietary algorithms identify potential billing errors. When potential errors are found, the Health Plan will request medical records to validate diagnosis and procedure codes billed on the claim. Once records are received, certified professional coders and registered nurses will clinically validate the documentation to ensure the medical record contains the necessary information, the diagnosis code on the claim matches the diagnosis code in the medical record, and the diagnosis billed is supported by the clinical information in the medical record. Reviews are overseen by the Health Plan Medical Director and will be completed within 30 days of receipt of medical records. After review, the Health Plan will issue an audit determination letter explaining the determination and the provider’s dispute rights. The Explanation of Payment (EOP) will include applicable explanation codes (for example: iA = Deny: medical records not received; iB/iC/iF = Pay/adjustment/reinstate after review; iE = Deny: DRG inpatient payment denied after review).
- Clinical validation performed by certified coders and RNs
- Audit determination letter with dispute instructions issued to provider
- Clinical validation completed within 30 days of receipt of records
- EOP will include explanation codes (iA, iB, iC, iE, iF)
General payment and coverage determinations
This payment policy is a guide to payment and a component of the Health Plan’s coverage and payment determinations; it does not guarantee payment. Providers must follow all terms, conditions, exclusions and limitations of the member’s coverage documents and comply with applicable state and federal requirements and plan-level administrative policies and procedures. Providers are expected to exercise professional medical judgment and are solely responsible for the medical care of members/enrollees. Prior to applying the criteria in this payment policy, providers should review any plan-specific administrative policies and verify coverage and payment with the member’s benefit documents.
- Coverage/payment determinations subject to member contract terms, state and federal law, and plan administrative policies
- This policy does not dictate clinical care — providers retain clinical judgment
Medicaid precedence and Medicare NCD/LCD review
State Medicaid provisions take precedence where they conflict with this payment policy. Providers should refer to the applicable state Medicaid manual for coverage provisions related to this policy. For Medicare members/enrollees, providers should review all applicable Medicare National Coverage Determinations (NCDs) and Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) (see CMS website) prior to applying this policy to ensure consistency with Medicare requirements.
- State Medicaid manual controls when conflicts exist between this policy and Medicaid provisions
- For Medicare members, review applicable NCDs and LCDs at http://www.cms.gov before applying this policy
Definitions
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