Cosmetic and Reconstructive Procedures
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Governs medical necessity and coverage criteria for reconstructive and cosmetic surgical procedures for members of Arizona Complete Health (Centene-affiliated plans), and provides coding references; intended for use when no procedure-specific criteria exist.
No material clinical or coverage changes in this revision.
Coverage Criteria for Reconstructive and Cosmetic Procedures
Medically necessary reconstructive procedures
Reconstructive procedures are considered medically necessary when meeting one of the following:
Direct quoted policy intent criteria
Reconstructive procedures covered for appearance benefit
Certain reconstructive procedures may be covered even if improving appearance is the primary benefit:
Examples provided by policy; not exhaustive
Not medically necessary (cosmetic) procedures
Cosmetic surgery is considered not medically necessary when performed to improve a patient's normal appearance and self-esteem; examples include but are not limited to:
Extensive non-covered cosmetic procedures list
High-level criteria references and notes
High-level notes and references to support determinations:
Referenced in policy revisions clarifying conservative therapy requirement
Policy notes Decision Support Criteria use and PA implications
Documentation guidance per policy notes and revisions
Referenced exception guidance in policy revisions
Procedures listed in the cosmetic exclusions are not covered when performed solely to improve a member's normal appearance or self‑esteem. The policy explicitly states that cosmetic surgery is considered not medically necessary when the primary intent is appearance enhancement, and provides an extensive list of example procedures that are excluded from coverage in that context.
Breast reconstruction performed for fibroadenomas or other benign lesions is listed among procedures that are generally not medically necessary unless clinical decision support criteria indicate it is medically necessary. When reconstruction is related to benign breast disease, coverage requires documentation that the clinical decision support criteria for medical necessity are met.
Cosmetic surgery performed to improve a patient's normal appearance and self‑esteem is not medically necessary. Examples noted in the policy include, but are not limited to: excision of excessive skin, body contouring, body lift, breast augmentation, liposuction (except lipoma‑directed per decision support), surgery to correct unsatisfactory cosmetic results, revision/removal/replacement of cosmetic implants, abdominoplasty, facial augmentation, dermabrasion, skin rejuvenation/resurfacing, electrolysis/laser hair removal, hair transplantation (unless to correct permanent hair loss from disease/injury), tattooing (except for post‑mastectomy breast reconstruction), and injectable fillers when done for cosmetic reasons.
Mastopexy (breast lift) is considered not medically necessary when performed solely for cosmetic reasons. Exceptions where mastopexy may be covered include when it is performed as part of breast reconstruction post‑mastectomy, after a medically necessary lumpectomy, or in conjunction with other medically necessary breast surgery that results in significant asymmetry; in those situations reconstruction or symmetry procedures including mastopexy, nipple reconstruction, and tattooing may be covered.
CPT / HCPCS Codes and Coding Notes
| 11200 | Removal of skin tags, multiple fibrocutaneous tags, any area; up to and including 15 lesions. |
| 11201 | Removal of skin tags, multiple fibrocutaneous tags, any area; each additional 10 lesions, or part thereof (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure). |
| 11400 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11401 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm. |
| 11402 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm. |
| 11403 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm. |
| 11404 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm. |
| 11406 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), trunk, arms or legs; excised diameter over 4.0 cm. |
| 11420 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11421 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm. |
| 11423 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm. |
| 11424 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm. |
| 11426 | Excision, benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), scalp, neck, hands, feet, genitalia; excised diameter over 4.0 cm. |
| 11440 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 0.5 cm or less. |
| 11441 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 0.6 to 1.0 cm. |
| 11442 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 1.1 to 2.0 cm. |
| 11443 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 2.1 to 3.0 cm. |
| 11444 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter 3.1 to 4.0 cm. |
| 11446 | Excision, other benign lesion including margins, except skin tag (unless listed elsewhere), face, ears, eyelids, nose, lips, mucous membrane; excised diameter over 4.0 cm. |
| 11920 | Tattooing, intradermal introduction of insoluble opaque pigments to correct color defects of skin, including micropigmentation; 6.0 sq cm or less. |
| 21230 | Graft; rib cartilage, autogenous, to face, chin, nose or ear (includes obtaining graft). |
| 21235 | Graft; ear cartilage, autogenous, to nose or ear (includes obtaining graft). |
| 21255 | Reconstruction of zygomatic arch and glenoid fossa with bone and cartilage (includes obtaining autografts). |
| 21256 | Reconstruction of orbit with osteotomies (extracranial) and with bone grafts (includes obtaining autografts) (eg, micro-ophthalmia). |
| 21260 | Periorbital osteotomies for orbital hypertelorism, with bone grafts; extracranial approach. |
| 21261 | Periorbital osteotomies for orbital hypertelorism, with bone grafts; combined intra- and extracranial approach. |
| 21263 | Periorbital osteotomies for orbital hypertelorism, with bone grafts; with forehead advancement. |
| 21267 | Orbital repositioning, periorbital osteotomies, unilateral, with bone grafts; extracranial approach. |
| 21268 | Orbital repositioning, periorbital osteotomies, unilateral, with bone grafts; combined intra- and extracranial approach. |
| 21270 | Malar augmentation, prosthetic material. |
Provider Requirements, Prior Authorization, and Documentation
Use listed CPT/HCPCS codes on PA requests
When requesting prior authorization, reference the specific CPT and HCPCS codes listed in the policy (examples include removal/excision codes 11200–11406, tattooing 11920–11921, breast and reconstructive codes such as 19301, 19350, 19357, 19364, craniofacial and grafting codes 21120–21296, and HCPCS G0429/Q2026/Q2028) and follow the payer's standard prior authorization process.
- Providers should cite the applicable CPT/HCPCS codes from the policy when submitting PA requests.
- Inclusion of a code in the policy is informational and does not guarantee coverage; follow payer PA submission requirements.
PA and decision support required for listed procedures
Prior authorization is implied/required for the reconstructive and cosmetic procedure and injectable filler codes listed in the policy; certain determinations use decision support criteria (formerly InterQual). Follow the Health Plan's PA procedures for these codes.
- Decision support criteria are used for some medical necessity determinations.
- PA requirements apply to listed reconstructive, cosmetic, and injectable filler codes as governed by the Health Plan.
Document reconstructive intent and medical necessity
Ensure documentation supports the reconstructive intent and medical necessity per policy criteria (e.g., functional impairment, failure of conservative therapy when required) and include relevant codes and clinical rationale in the PA or claim submission.
- Document how the procedure meets I.A criteria: improves function of an abnormal body part, or meets listed reconstructive exceptions.
- Include evidence of conservative therapy failure when required by the criteria.
Show failure of conservative therapy when required
Document and demonstrate failure of conservative therapy when required by the criteria; conservative therapy is not required only if it is not standard of care for the condition or is contraindicated.
- Include prior treatments attempted and clinical response in the medical record and PA submission.
- If conservative therapy was not appropriate, document why it was not standard of care or was contraindicated.
Provide photographs when requested
Photographs may be requested to support medical necessity; provide clinical photographs when applicable and available to substantiate the functional or reconstructive need.
- Follow the Health Plan's instructions for submitting images with the PA or medical record.
- Ensure photos are labeled and linked to the patient's record and the specific clinical indication.
Photographic requirement now a discretionary note
The policy converted the previous medical-record photographic requirement to a note; medical record photographic submission is not mandatory but may still be requested by the Health Plan to support medical necessity.
- Photographic requirement removed as mandatory documentation; retain and provide photos if requested.
- Document other clinical records and rationale even if photographs are not available.
Cosmetic procedure requests may be denied
Requests for procedures that are cosmetic (performed to improve normal appearance or self‑esteem) are generally not medically necessary and may be denied; verify the indication meets reconstructive criteria before submission.
- Examples of cosmetic, not medically necessary procedures include abdominoplasty, breast augmentation, injectable filler, and tattooing except when for post-mastectomy reconstruction.
- If procedure is reconstructive, clearly document criteria-based indications (e.g., functional impairment, post-mastectomy asymmetry).
Coverage subject to contract and regulatory requirements
Coverage decisions are governed by the Health Plan's contract terms, exclusions, limitations, and applicable state and federal requirements; if there is a discrepancy between this policy and legal/regulatory requirements, law and regulation control.
- Verify member benefits and contract terms; policy guidance does not guarantee coverage.
- Comply with state/federal rules that may supersede policy language.
Definitions and Decision Support
Background
Reconstructive surgery is performed on abnormal body structures caused by congenital defects, developmental abnormalities, trauma, prior surgery, infection, tumors, or disease with the intent to restore function and, when applicable, appearance. The policy recognizes reconstructive procedures as medically necessary when they address functional impairment or correct an abnormal structure, and notes that some procedures primarily improving appearance may still be covered when linked to a medically necessary reconstructive indication (for example, post‑mastectomy reconstruction or treatment of HIV‑associated facial lipodystrophy).
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