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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesDiagnostic Nuclear Medicine Procedures on the Musculoskeletal SystemCPT cpt-78315-three-phase-bone-scan-scintigraphy
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    CPT 78315: Three-Phase Bone Scan (Scintigraphy)

    Medicare pays $211 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 78315 describes a three-phase bone scan (scintigraphy), a nuclear medicine diagnostic procedure in which a radionuclide is injected and serial images are obtained to evaluate the bones for focal lesions, infection, fractures, or other bone disease; service type: diagnostic nuclear medicine study; typical site of service: hospital outpatient imaging center or freestanding nuclear medicine facility.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM), Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®), Lumbar Microdiscectomy.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a 62-year-old with persistent focal bone pain and a prior history of metastatic prostate cancer who is referred for a three-phase bone scan to evaluate for osteomyelitis versus soft-tissue inflammation and to assess for skeletal metastases. The patient arrives at the nuclear medicine department, a consent and brief clinical history are obtained, and intravenous access is established for injection of technetium-labeled radiotracer. The imaging workflow includes an initial dynamic flow (immediate postinjection) phase to assess perfusion, an early blood-pool (soft-tissue) phase obtained minutes after injection, and delayed whole-body or regional skeletal imaging performed 2–4 hours later to evaluate tracer uptake in bone. A nuclear medicine physician reviews images, interprets findings, and generates a report for the referring provider. Typical sites of service are hospital outpatient imaging centers, inpatient hospital radiology/nuclear medicine departments, and freestanding outpatient imaging centers. Staff include a nuclear medicine technologist to perform injections and acquisitions and a radiopharmacist or nuclear medicine physician overseeing tracer handling and imaging protocols.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    78320Whole body bone scan, post-therapy or delayed images onlyMay be used for delayed imaging protocols or follow-up skeletal surveys after therapy; complements three-phase study when whole-body delayed imaging is needed.
    78126Bone or joint imaging, limited, single area, static planar imagesUsed when limited static images of a single region are performed instead of or in addition to a full three-phase study.
    78306Bone imaging, limited (e.g., spot views)Spot or limited views that may be acquired in addition to the three-phase sequence for focused problem areas.
    78803Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, full-bodyAlternative advanced nuclear imaging modality used when PET is indicated for metastatic disease assessment rather than planar bone scintigraphy.
    77012CT guidance for radiopharmaceutical localization or correlate (diagnostic CT)When cross-sectional CT is performed for anatomic correlation with scintigraphic findings or fusion imaging in hybrid studies.

    Related Modifiers

    6 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RH0000X
    2084P0800X
    174400000X
    2085R0202X
    2086S0105X
    207LP4000X
    207QH0002X
    1835S0206X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    24 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C79.31Secondary malignant neoplasm of brain
    C79.51Secondary malignant neoplasm of bone
    C79.52Secondary malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
    M05.79Rheumatoid arthritis with rheumatoid factor of multiple sites without organ or systems involvement
    M06.09Rheumatoid arthritis without rheumatoid factor, multiple sites
    M25.561Pain in right knee
    M32.9Systemic lupus erythematosus, unspecified
    M48.07Spinal stenosis, lumbosacral region
    M80.08XAAge-related osteoporosis with current pathological fracture, vertebra(e), initial encounter for fracture
    M81.0Age-related osteoporosis without current pathological fracture

    Showing 1–10 of 24

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Neurology/Neurosurgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM)Kaiser Permanente2027-01-01
    Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®)bcbsvermont2026-11-01
    Lumbar Microdiscectomyuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Artificial Cervical Intervertebral Discuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Lumbar Decompressionuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Responsive Neurostimulation for Focal EpilepsyPremera Bluecross2026-10-14
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    High-Intensity Focused UltrasoundMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-10-01
    Vagal Nerve StimulationAmbetter Nevada2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-78300-BONE-SCAN-LIMITED-AREA-SCINTIGRAPHY

    CPT 78300: Bone Scan (Limited Area Scintigraphy)

    CPT-78305-BONE-SCAN-SCINTIGRAPHY-MULTI-REGION

    CPT 78305: Bone Scan (Skeletal Scintigraphy)

    CPT-78306-FULL-BODY-BONE-SCAN-SCINTIGRAPHY

    CPT 78306: Full‑Body Bone Scan (Scintigraphy)

    CPT-78350-BONE-MINERAL-DENSITY-SINGLE-PHOTON-ABSORPTIOMETRY

    CPT 78350: Single-Energy Photon Bone Mineral Density Measurement

    CPT-78351-BONE-MINERAL-DENSITY-DUAL-ENERGY-PHOTON-ABSORPTIOMETRY

    CPT 78351: Dual-Energy Photon Bone Mineral Density Measurement

    CPT-78399-MUSCULOSKELETAL-NUCLEAR-MEDICINE-UNLISTED-PROCEDURE

    CPT 78399: Musculoskeletal Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Procedure (Unlisted)

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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