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    OpenPayerBilling CodesStereotactic Radiation Treatment DeliveryCPT cpt-77371-stereotactic-radiosurgery-technical-cobalt-60
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    CPT 77371: Stereotactic Radiosurgery Technical Component

    CPT code 77371 describes the technical component of stereotactic radiosurgery using a three-dimensional coordinate system to localize small intracranial targets and destroy them with externally generated ionizing radiation delivered from a multi-source Cobalt 60 gamma-ray system; service type: stereotactic radiosurgery, technical component, typical site of service: hospital-based radiation oncology department or dedicated radiosurgery center.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM), Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®), Lumbar Microdiscectomy.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A 62-year-old patient presents with a solitary 1.2 cm metastatic lesion in the deep parietal lobe identified on MRI and confirmed by neurosurgery and radiation oncology as appropriate for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The treatment team elects single-fraction SRS using a multi-source Cobalt-60 gamma unit to deliver a high-dose, highly conformal plan to the intracranial target. The clinical workflow includes pre-procedure evaluation and informed consent, high-resolution MRI and CT simulation with stereotactic localization, target delineation by radiation oncology and neurosurgery, dosimetric planning by the medical physicist, treatment delivery under the technical services of the radiation therapy department (frame or frameless immobilization), post-treatment observation, and scheduled radiographic follow-up.

    Typical site of service is an outpatient radiation oncology center or hospital-based radiation therapy department equipped with a multi-source Cobalt-60 stereotactic radiosurgery system. The patient is usually ambulatory, may require brief sedation or anesthesia for frame placement, and is discharged the same day with follow-up arranged.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    77371Stereotactic radiosurgery; multi-source Cobalt-60 system, technical componentPrimary code for the technical component of SRS delivered with a multi-source Cobalt-60 gamma unit — covers equipment, setup, and delivery
    77432Stereotactic body radiation therapy, treatment delivery, per fraction to 1 lesion; intracranial SRS (single or multi-fraction)Alternative or complementary delivery code for stereotactic treatments when using LINAC-based or other SBRT platforms; used in care settings where platform differs
    77373Stereotactic radiosurgery, per treatment session, includes immobilization and imaging, entire procedureOften used to report the combined SRS session (professional and technical) or when institutional billing bundles components; compare payer rules with 77371
    77295Simulation, complex; includes 3-D simulation and definition of target volumesUsed during pre-treatment simulation and localization to create stereotactic coordinate space and fusion of imaging
    77427Radiation treatment management, weekly, for stereotactic proceduresUsed to report management of the patient's radiation treatment course when applicable (weekly professional management services)
    77280Therapeutic radiology simulation; simpleMay be used for basic simulation steps if complexity is low, though stereotactic cases commonly require complex simulation codes

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    73Modifier 73 indicates a facility-level outpatient hospital or ASC procedure that was discontinued after the patient was prepared and taken to the procedure/operating room but before any anesthesia…- When to use: Apply CPT modifier 73 on the FACILITY (outpatient hospital or ASC) claim when the patient has been fully prepared and physically taken into the procedure/operating room but the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RG0100X
    2086S0122X
    2279P3800X
    222Q00000X
    2084P0005X
    102L00000X
    175L00000X
    2081P0010X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    23 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    C71.0Malignant neoplasm of cerebrum, except lobes and ventricles
    C71.1Malignant neoplasm of frontal lobe
    C71.2Malignant neoplasm of temporal lobe
    C71.3Malignant neoplasm of parietal lobe
    C71.4Malignant neoplasm of occipital lobe
    C71.5Malignant neoplasm of cerebral ventricle
    C71.6Malignant neoplasm of cerebellum
    C71.7Malignant neoplasm of brain stem
    C71.8Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of brain
    C71.9Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified

    Showing 1–10 of 23

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Neurology/Neurosurgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Clinical Review Criteria Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IONM)Kaiser Permanente2027-01-01
    Remote Electrical Neuromodulation for Migraines (i.e., Nerivio®)bcbsvermont2026-11-01
    Lumbar Microdiscectomyuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Artificial Cervical Intervertebral Discuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Lumbar Decompressionuniverahealthcare2026-10-15
    Responsive Neurostimulation for Focal EpilepsyPremera Bluecross2026-10-14
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    Intraoperative MonitoringProvidence Health Plan2026-10-01
    High-Intensity Focused UltrasoundMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-10-01
    Vagal Nerve StimulationAmbetter Nevada2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-77372-STEREOTACTIC-RADIOSURGERY-TECHNICAL-COMPONENT

    CPT 77372: Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Technical Component

    CPT-77373-STEREOTACTIC-BODY-RADIATION-THERAPY-TECHNICAL-SINGLE-FRACTION

    CPT 77373: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy, Technical Component

    CPT-77387-IMAGE-GUIDANCE-RADIATION-THERAPY-TARGETING

    CPT 77387: Image Guidance for Radiation Target Localization

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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