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    OpenPayerBilling CodesMedical Radiation Physics, Dosimetry, Treatment Devices, and Special Services for Radiation TreatmentCPT cpt-77317-intermediate-brachytherapy-isodose-planning
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    CPT 77317: Intermediate Isodose Planning for Brachytherapy

    Medicare pays $226 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 77317 describes intermediate-level isodose planning for brachytherapy, performed when the provider uses five to 10 radiation sources or two to 12 channels for afterloading; the service is an isodose planning procedure involving calculation and arrangement of radiation dose distributions. Service type: Brachytherapy treatment planning. Typical site of service: Hospital outpatient department or radiation oncology clinic.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Radiation oncology coverage and treatment delivery guidelines, Proton Beam Therapy, Radiation and Oncologic Procedures.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a 65-year-old female with locally advanced gynecologic malignancy (e.g., cervical cancer) referred for brachytherapy after external beam radiation therapy. The radiation oncologist evaluates the patient in clinic, reviews imaging (MRI/CT), and determines brachytherapy is indicated. On the day of service, the patient is brought to the procedure suite or operating room for applicator placement under sedation or anesthesia. Image guidance (CT or fluoroscopy) is used to confirm applicator and source channel positions. The provider performs intermediate-level isodose planning using five to 10 radiation sources or two to 12 afterloading channels to optimize dose distribution to the tumor while sparing organs at risk. The plan is reviewed and approved by the radiation oncologist, and afterloading devices are loaded per the plan. Typical sites of service include an outpatient radiation oncology department procedural suite, hospital-based radiation oncology department, or operating room when anesthesia or complex applicator placement is required. Documentation includes indications, consent, anesthesia type, applicator details, imaging used, source/channel count, isodose plan summary, dose constraints, and verification of source loading and delivery.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    77295Therapeutic radiology simulation-aided field settingPerformed prior to brachytherapy to simulate applicator positioning and treatment geometry
    77778Interstitial radiation source application; afterloading remote controlled (high dose rate)Represents the actual afterloading source application procedure that delivers treatment planned with 77317
    77334Treatment planning, complex, for external beam radiotherapyExternal beam planning that may precede brachytherapy in combined-modality therapy
    77336Continuing medical physics consultation, review and/or revision of treatment planUsed when physics revises or reviews the isodose plan generated during 77317
    77300Basic dosimetry calculations and QAPerformed for dose calculations, measurement, and quality assurance related to brachytherapy planning

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…
    82Modifier 82 is appended to a surgical CPT code to indicate that an attending physician acted as an assistant because a qualified resident surgeon was unavailable. In teaching hospitals it documents…- When to use: Append modifier 82 in teaching-hospital settings to indicate a physician served as an assistant surgeon because a qualified resident surgeon was unavailable (includes situations where…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207RH0000X
    208D00000X
    208000000X
    363L00000X
    207LP2900X
    193400000X
    1223S0112X
    207SC0300X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Radiation Oncology1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Radiation oncology coverage and treatment delivery guidelinesevicore2026-11-05
    Proton Beam Therapyuniversityofutahhealthplans2026-10-25
    Radiation and Oncologic ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Electronic Brachytherapy for Nonmelanoma Skin CancerBluecross Idaho2026-07-30
    Surface Radiation Therapy for Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancereocco2026-07-09
    Radiofrequency Ablation of Tumors Outside the LiverProvidence Health Plan2026-07-01
    Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals in Oncology (Lutathera, Pluvicto, Xofigo) Coverage CriteriaBlue Cross Blue Shield - North Carolina2026-07-01
    Intensity Modulated Radiation TherapyAmbetter Georgia2026-06-01
    Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) of Tumors Other Than LiverBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-06-01
    Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) — NanoKnife (Preauthorization Required)Blue Cross Blue Shield - Nebraska2026-06-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-77300-RADIATION-THERAPY-DOSIMETRY

    CPT 77300: Radiation Dosimetry and Treatment Planning

    CPT-77301-INTENSITY-MODULATED-RADIOTHERAPY-IMRT-DELIVERY

    CPT 77301: Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) Delivery

    CPT-77306-RADIATION-THERAPY-BEAM-ARRANGEMENT-DOSE-CALCULATION

    CPT 77306: Parallel Opposed External Beam Radiation Treatment Setup

    CPT-77307-RADIATION-THERAPY-ISODOSE-TANGENTIAL-PORT-PLANNING

    CPT 77307: Tangential Ports and Isodose Beam Arrangement for Radiation Therapy

    CPT-77316-BRACHYTHERAPY-SIMPLE-ISODOSE-PLANNING

    CPT 77316: Simple Level Isodose Planning for Brachytherapy

    CPT-77318-INTERMEDIATE-ISODOSE-BRACHYTHERAPY-PLANNING

    CPT 77318: Brachytherapy Isodose Planning, Intermediate

    CPT-77321-ELECTRON-SPECIAL-BEAM-PLANNING-RADIATION-ONCOLOGY

    CPT 77321: Radiation Therapy Planning — Special Beam Consideration

    CPT-77331-SPECIAL-DOSIMETRY-RADIATION-DOSE-CALCULATION

    CPT 77331: Special Dosimetry and Radiation Monitoring

    CPT-77332-SIMPLE-TREATMENT-DEVICE-DESIGN-SELECTION

    CPT 77332: Simple Treatment Device Design and Selection

    CPT-77333-RADIATION-THERAPY-INTERMEDIATE-DEVICE-DESIGN

    CPT 77333: Design/Construction of Intermediate Radiation Therapy Devices

    Showing 1–10 of 14

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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