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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesImage Guided Catheter Drainage ProceduresCPT cpt-49406-image-guided-peritoneal-retroperitoneal-catheter-drainage
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    CPT 49406: Image-Guided Percutaneous Peritoneal/Retroperitoneal Drainage

    Medicare pays $872 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 49406 describes percutaneous catheter drainage performed with imaging guidance to place a catheter through a small skin incision into a peritoneal or retroperitoneal space for evacuation of fluid; service type: image-guided percutaneous drainage procedure; typical site of service: hospital inpatient, hospital outpatient department, or ambulatory surgical center where interventional radiology or surgical drainage is performed.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is an adult presenting with symptomatic ascites or a localized fluid collection in the peritoneal or retroperitoneal space (for example, refractory malignant ascites, cirrhosis-related ascites, or a peritoneal abscess requiring drainage). The patient undergoes pre-procedure evaluation including history, focused physical exam, coagulation assessment, and informed consent. Imaging (usually ultrasound or CT) is reviewed to confirm fluid location and safe percutaneous access path. In the interventional suite or radiology procedure room, conscious sedation or monitored anesthesia care is provided as appropriate. Under sterile conditions, the interventional radiologist or other qualified proceduralist uses real-time imaging guidance to place a trocar or peel-away sheath through a small skin incision and advance a catheter into the targeted peritoneal or retroperitoneal collection. Once catheter position is confirmed, fluid is aspirated or drained; samples may be sent for laboratory analysis. Post-procedure, the catheter may be left in place for ongoing drainage or removed based on clinical judgment. Typical site of service is the hospital outpatient department, radiology suite, or inpatient interventional radiology unit. Billing uses 49406 for the image-guided percutaneous catheter drainage of a peritoneal or retroperitoneal area.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    76942Ultrasonic guidance for needle placement (eg, biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization device), imaging supervision and interpretationOften billed when real-time ultrasound guidance is used to place the catheter for 49406
    77012Computed tomography guidance for needle placement (eg, biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization device), imaging supervision and interpretationBilled when CT guidance is used for needle/catheter placement during 49406
    49083Drainage of peritoneal abscess, percutaneous, with catheter placementAlternative or related percutaneous drainage codes for localized peritoneal abscess depending on clinical documentation and payer rules
    36010Introduction of needle or catheter into central venous catheter; initial placementMay be performed before or after 49406 if central venous access is required for fluid management or medication delivery
    71045Chest x-ray, single view, portableOften performed post-procedure to verify catheter position or assess for immediate complications if thoracoabdominal involvement is suspected
    99223Initial hospital care, typically 70 minutes or moreExample E/M code for inpatient evaluation when 49406 is performed on an inpatient and a comprehensive admission history and exam are documented

    Related Modifiers

    11 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    59Modifier 59 indicates a distinct procedural service when two procedures that are not normally billed together are clinically and procedurally separate. The CPT definition (as reiterated by CMS)…- Use modifier -59 to report a distinct procedural service when documentation supports that the procedure reported is not normally billed together with another service on the same day because of a…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    77Modifier 77 indicates that a previously performed procedure or service was legitimately repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional. The AMA’s CPT definition…- Use modifier 77 when a basic procedure or service already performed is repeated by a different physician or other qualified health care professional (for example, a second provider independently…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…

    Showing 1–10 of 11

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207P00000X
    363L00000X
    2080P0206X
    207L00000X
    207NS0135X
    261QP2300X
    261QS0132X
    342000000X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    25 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    A41.9Sepsis, unspecified organism
    B96.89Other specified bacterial agents as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
    C78.7Secondary malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile duct
    C79.9Secondary malignant neoplasm of unspecified site
    E86.0Dehydration
    E87.1Hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia
    I82.401Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right lower extremity
    J95.811Postprocedural pneumothorax
    J96.00Acute respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
    K57.20Diverticulitis of large intestine with perforation and abscess without bleeding

    Showing 1–10 of 25

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-49405-IMAGE-GUIDED-PERCUTANEOUS-CATHETER-DRAINAGE-ABDOMEN-CHEST

    CPT 49405: Image-Guided Percutaneous Drainage of Abdominal/Chest Fluid Collection

    CPT-49407-IMAGE-GUIDED-TRANSVAGINAL-TRANSRECTAL-CATHETER-DRAINAGE

    CPT 49407: Image-Guided Percutaneous Peritoneal/Retroperitoneal Drainage

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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