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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesArterial Embolectomy/Thrombectomy Procedures, With or Without CatheterCPT cpt-34101-upper-extremity-artery-thrombectomy-axillary-brachial-subclavian
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    CPT 34101: Surgical Thrombectomy/Embolectomy, Upper Extremity Arteries

    Medicare pays $545 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 34101 describes a surgical arterial thrombectomy or embolectomy in which the provider removes an obstruction (for example, a fatty deposit or blood clot) from the axillary, brachial, subclavian, or innominate artery by making an incision in the arm and, if needed, using a catheter to extract the material; this is a surgical arterial thrombectomy/embolectomy procedure typically performed in an operating room or vascular suite as an invasive peripheral arterial surgery for acute limb- or upper-extremity–threatening ischemia.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

    Progress1 / 7

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A patient in their 60s presents to the emergency department with acute onset of severe pain, pallor, and decreased pulses in the left upper extremity. Physical exam and Doppler ultrasound suggest an acute arterial occlusion of the axillary/brachial artery, confirmed by CT angiography showing a thromboembolic occlusion of the axillary artery. The vascular surgery team evaluates the patient and determines urgent surgical thrombectomy is required to restore perfusion.

    Preoperative workflow includes informed consent, limb viability assessment, baseline labs (CBC, coagulation panel, type and screen), and perioperative antibiotics per institutional protocol. In the operating room under regional or general anesthesia, the surgeon makes an incision in the upper arm to expose the axillary/brachial artery, controls proximal and distal flow with vessel loops or clamps, performs arteriotomy, and removes thrombus or embolus using manual extraction and, when indicated, a Fogarty catheter. Completion angiography or intraoperative Doppler confirms restoration of flow. The arteriotomy is repaired primarily or with patch angioplasty. Postoperative care includes monitoring for reperfusion injury, serial neurovascular checks, anticoagulation management, and wound care. Typical site of service: operating room in an acute care hospital (inpatient or same-day observation). Service type: open surgical arterial thrombectomy/embolectomy of axillary/brachial/subclavian/innominate arteries.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    37135Percutaneous transluminal mechanical thrombectomy, noncoronary, arterial or venous, including radiologic supervision and interpretation when performedUsed when a percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy is performed as an endovascular alternative or adjunct to open surgical thrombectomy.
    35005Thrombectomy, femoral artery; with embolectomy, with or without arteriotomy and/or angioplasty (separate regional entry example)Represents thrombectomy codes for a different anatomic site; listed as a comparable open arterial embolectomy technique and for coding cross-reference when multiple sites are treated.
    35476Embolectomy, peripheral, by catheter, percutaneousRepresents catheter embolectomy techniques that may be used adjunctively through percutaneous access.
    75989Angiography, vascular, other; non-selective catheter placement, radiological supervision and interpretationUsed for intraoperative or pre-/postoperative angiography to confirm vessel patency when imaging is performed.
    35201Thrombectomy, artery, direct exposure; for vessels of the upper extremity (example code family)Related open arterial thrombectomy family code for coding crosswalks—used when specific anatomic descriptor differs; supports documentation of open arterial removal of thrombus.
    36248Selective catheter placement, arterial system; each first order thoracic branch, radiological supervision and interpretationUsed if selective catheter angiography of subclavian/innominate branches is performed intraoperatively or preoperatively as part of the workup.

    Related Modifiers

    11 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…

    Showing 1–10 of 11

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207K00000X
    2080P0006X
    207L00000X
    2084P0800X
    341800000X
    207XS0106X
    320800000X
    2355A2700X

    Related ICD-10-CM Codes

    24 rows

    ICD-10-CM CodeDescription
    G45.1Carotid artery syndrome (hemispheric)
    G45.8Other transient cerebral ischemic attacks and related syndromes
    G45.9Transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified
    I65.21Occlusion and stenosis of right carotid artery
    I65.22Occlusion and stenosis of left carotid artery
    I66.11Occlusion and stenosis of right anterior cerebral artery
    I70.211Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with intermittent claudication, right leg
    I70.212Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with intermittent claudication, left leg
    I70.221Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with rest pain, right leg
    I70.222Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with rest pain, left leg

    Showing 1–10 of 24

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-34001-CERVICAL-ARTERY-THROMBECTOMY-EMBOLECTOMY

    CPT 34001: Surgical Thrombectomy of Carotid/Subclavian/Innominate Artery

    CPT-34051-SUBCLAVIAN-INNOMINATE-ARTERY-THROMBECTOMY-EMBOLECTOMY

    CPT 34051: Surgical Embolectomy of Subclavian and Innominate Arteries

    CPT-34111-FOREARM-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-EMBOLECTOMY

    CPT 34111: Open Thrombectomy of Radial or Ulnar Artery

    CPT-34151-OPEN-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-VISCERAL-AORTOILIAC

    CPT 34151: Open Arterial Thrombectomy of Abdominal Vessels

    CPT-34201-FEMOROPOPLITEAL-AORTOILIAC-THROMBECTOMY

    CPT 34201: Open Femoropopliteal or Aortoiliac Thrombectomy

    CPT-34203-PERIPHERAL-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-POPLITEAL-TIBIO-PERONEAL

    CPT 34203: Open Thrombectomy of Popliteal–Tibio–Peroneal Artery

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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