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    OpenPayerBilling CodesArterial Embolectomy/Thrombectomy Procedures, With or Without CatheterCPT cpt-34051-subclavian-innominate-artery-thrombectomy-embolectomy
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    CPT 34051: Surgical Embolectomy of Subclavian and Innominate Arteries

    Medicare pays $975 on average nationally for this procedure.

    CPT code 34051 describes a surgical embolectomy/thrombectomy for removal of an obstruction (for example, a blood clot) from the subclavian and innominate arteries, performed via a thoracic incision; the procedure may be performed with or without the use of a catheter and is classified as a surgical arterial embolectomy typically provided in an inpatient or operating room setting within a hospital or surgical center.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Surgical Procedures, Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Service, Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in Adults.

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    Table of contents

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is an adult presenting with acute upper extremity ischemia due to an embolus or thrombus lodged in the subclavian or innominate artery. The patient often arrives from the emergency department with sudden arm pain, pallor, paresthesia, decreased pulses, and delayed capillary refill. Initial evaluation includes vascular exam, duplex ultrasonography, and CT angiography to localize the obstruction. The vascular surgery team evaluates the patient and determines that open surgical thrombectomy/thromboembolectomy via a transthoracic approach is required because the clot is proximal in the subclavian or innominate artery and cannot be accessed peripherally or managed endovascularly.

    Perioperative workflow includes informed consent, preoperative labs and crossmatch if significant bleeding risk is anticipated, anesthesia evaluation (general anesthesia is typical), and intraoperative vascular access. The surgeon makes a thoracic incision to expose the artery, performs embolectomy or thrombectomy with or without use of a catheter or Fogarty balloon, achieves hemostasis, and closes the incision. Postoperative care includes vascular monitoring, anticoagulation management, wound care, and surveillance imaging as indicated. Typical site of service is an inpatient operating room; the service type is an open surgical thrombectomy/thromboembolectomy of a thoracic great vessel.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    34050Thrombectomy, extensive, with embolectomy of the aortic arch branches (example code for proximal arch vessels)May be reported for related open thrombectomy procedures involving aortic arch branches depending on operative site and extent; used when coding closely related arch vessel work.
    34820Excision or repair of thoracic vessel (other than aorta)Used for additional thoracic arterial repairs or reconstructions performed at the same operation.
    35301Thrombectomy, with or without catheter, brachiocephalic (innominate) artery, direct approachDirectly related procedure; alternatives or component reporting may require appropriate code selection if more specific than 34051.
    36215Selective catheter placement, arterial, trunk; each first order thoracic branch (e.g., subclavian)Diagnostic angiography or endovascular catheterization performed before or after open surgery for localization or adjunctive therapy.
    36415Collection of venous blood by venipunctureCommon preoperative lab service; minor ancillary code often billed by separate provider or facility.
    99100Anesthesia complicated by emergency conditions (example)Anesthesia add-on codes or modifiers may be used when anesthesia is more complex due to emergency presentation; anesthesia codes are reported separately.

    Related Modifiers

    11 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    50Modifier –50 (Bilateral Procedure) is appended to a CPT code when an identical procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures during the same operative session. The AMA states to add…- Use modifier -50 when the same CPT surgical, diagnostic, or radiology procedure is performed on paired anatomical structures (both sides of the body) during the same operative/session by the same…
    51Modifier –51 (Multiple Procedures) is used when the same provider performs multiple procedures in the same session to identify secondary, non‑exempt procedures and indicate payment reduction logic…- Use modifier -51 when the same provider performs multiple distinct procedures during the same patient encounter: report the highest‑valued procedure first (no modifier) and append -51 to…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    79Modifier 79 indicates a surgical procedure performed during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery that is unrelated to the original procedure. Per AMA/CPT and CMS guidance, it is…- Use modifier 79 when the same physician (or same‑specialty physician in the same group) performs a surgical procedure during the postoperative global period of a prior surgery and the new procedure…

    Showing 1–10 of 11

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    207L00000X
    207K00000X
    207X00000X
    373H00000X
    173C00000X
    176B00000X
    224Z00000X
    2472V0600X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: General Surgery1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Surgical ProceduresUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of ServiceUnitedHealthcare2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Surgical or Diagnostic Procedures in AdultsPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Select — Site of Service for Ambulatory Surgical Procedures (ASC Select)Premera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Site of Service Ambulatory Service Center (ASC) SelectPremera Bluecross2026-09-01
    Outpatient Surgical Procedures - Site of Servicesierra health and life2026-08-01
    Medical Necessity Guidelines — Inpatient Surgical CareMass General Brigham Health Plan2026-08-01
    Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) - Site of Care PolicyKaiser Permanente2026-08-01

    Related Codes

    CPT-34001-CERVICAL-ARTERY-THROMBECTOMY-EMBOLECTOMY

    CPT 34001: Surgical Thrombectomy of Carotid/Subclavian/Innominate Artery

    CPT-34101-UPPER-EXTREMITY-ARTERY-THROMBECTOMY-AXILLARY-BRACHIAL-SUBCLAVIAN

    CPT 34101: Surgical Thrombectomy/Embolectomy, Upper Extremity Arteries

    CPT-34111-FOREARM-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-EMBOLECTOMY

    CPT 34111: Open Thrombectomy of Radial or Ulnar Artery

    CPT-34151-OPEN-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-ABDOMINAL-VISCERAL-AORTOILIAC

    CPT 34151: Open Arterial Thrombectomy of Abdominal Vessels

    CPT-34201-FEMOROPOPLITEAL-AORTOILIAC-THROMBECTOMY

    CPT 34201: Open Femoropopliteal or Aortoiliac Thrombectomy

    CPT-34203-PERIPHERAL-ARTERIAL-THROMBECTOMY-POPLITEAL-TIBIO-PERONEAL

    CPT 34203: Open Thrombectomy of Popliteal–Tibio–Peroneal Artery

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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