CPT code 31365 denotes a laryngectomy performed concurrently with a radical neck dissection, a major head and neck oncologic surgery that removes the voice box and regional lymphatic tissue. This procedure is clinically significant because it addresses both primary laryngeal disease and potential or confirmed regional metastasis, and it commonly requires inpatient care, multidisciplinary teams, and extended perioperative resources. Nationally, such procedures factor into surgical oncology volumes, hospital resource planning, and bundled-payment considerations.

Key payers covered in the analysis include Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Cigna, UnitedHealthcare, and Medicare. Readers will find a concise overview of the clinical intent and setting for CPT code 31365, benchmarks and reimbursement context where available, and discussion of policy and coding considerations relevant to surgical head and neck oncology. The publication outlines clinical context, expected site of service, and common billing modifiers (list provided separately), and it highlights areas where coding clarity and documentation affect payment and utilization measurement. Data not available in the input for associated taxonomies, specific ICD-10 diagnoses, and related procedure codes are noted as unavailable.