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    v1.0.28
    OpenPayerBilling CodesOutpatient PPSHCPCS hcpcs-c2639-iodine-125-brachytherapy-source-per-source
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    HCPCS C2639: Iodine-125 Brachytherapy Source, Non-Stranded

    HCPCS Level II code C2639 describes a non-stranded iodine-125 brachytherapy source billed per source; this code applies to the supply of radioactive seeds used in brachytherapy procedures (radiation oncology) and is typically associated with implant procedures performed in radiation oncology suites, operating rooms, or specialized procedural areas where radioactive seed placement is performed.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA), Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment, Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart Failure.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient is a 65-year-old male with localized prostate cancer who is scheduled for permanent seed brachytherapy using non-stranded iodine-125 sources. The patient has completed staging with prostate biopsy, MRI, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assessment. The multidisciplinary team (radiation oncologist, medical physicist, urologist, and operating room staff) plans source ordering and dosimetry. On the day of the procedure the patient receives spinal or general anesthesia in an ambulatory surgery center or hospital operating room. Under transrectal ultrasound guidance, the radiation oncologist implants multiple C2639 non-stranded iodine-125 seeds into the prostate via transperineal needles according to a preplanned dosimetric map. The medical physicist verifies source activity and placement intraoperatively and performs postimplant dosimetry with CT/MRI to confirm adequate target coverage.

    Typical site of service for C2639 is an inpatient hospital operating room or outpatient ambulatory surgical center and radiation oncology procedural suite. The service is furnished to patients with localized prostate carcinoma or other small, well-defined tumors appropriate for permanent low-dose-rate brachytherapy. Supplies and device billing use per-source reporting; each implanted iodine-125 seed is reported as one unit of C2639.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    55875Transperineal placement of needles/probes into the prostate for interstitial radioelement application, single or multiple catheter techniquePerformed during implantation to place needles that deliver C2639 iodine-125 seeds
    55873Brachytherapy, insertion of radioactive elements, prostate, permanent implant (seeds), perinealOften used to report the physician's procedural service for prostate permanent seed implantation in conjunction with per-source billing using C2639
    77316Brachytherapy physics consultation; treatment planning, design and calculation for interstitial radiation sources (including dose calculation)Used by medical physicists for treatment planning and dosimetry associated with C2639 source implantation
    76942Ultrasonic guidance for needle placement (eg, biopsy, aspiration, injection, localization)Used intraoperatively for transrectal ultrasound guidance during seed placement
    74261Computed tomography, abdomen and pelvis; without contrast, followed by contrast material(s) and further sectionsExample imaging for postimplant dosimetry verification; alternative imaging CPTs such as CT pelvis may be used depending on institutional workflow

    Related Modifiers

    8 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    22Modifier –22 (Increased Procedural Services) is used when a reported procedure is substantially more extensive than normally required. The CPT Manual and CMS state it may be appended only when the…- When to use: Append modifier -22 to a procedural CPT code when the service performed is substantially more extensive than the usual service described by that code — i.e., the procedure required…
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    76Modifier -76, Repeat Procedure or Service by Same Physician or Other Qualified Health Care Professional, is appended when the same provider performs an identical, medically necessary procedure or…- Use modifier -76 when the same physician or other qualified health care professional performs an identical procedure or service a second (or subsequent) time on the same date of service and the…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…
    81Modifier -81 indicates a physician served as a minimal assistant surgeon for part—not all—of an operative procedure. Use when a physician’s assisting role is limited and does not represent full…- Use CPT modifier -81 when a physician acts as a minimum assistant surgeon who assists during only part (a limited portion) of an operative procedure; append -81 to the primary surgical CPT code to…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy CodeSpecialtyNotes
    207L00000XAnesthesiology PhysicianAn anesthesiologist is trained to provide pain relief and maintenance, or restoration, of a stable condition during and immediately following an opera…
    208800000XUrology PhysicianA urologist manages benign and malignant medical and surgical disorders of the genitourinary system and the adrenal gland. This specialist has compreh…
    367500000XCertified Registered Nurse Anesthetist(1) A licensed registered nurse with advanced specialty education in anesthesia who, in collaboration with appropriate health care professionals, prov…
    261Q00000XClinic/CenterA facility or distinct part of one used for the diagnosis and treatment of outpatients. "Clinic/Center" is irregularly defined, sometimes being limite…
    282NC0060XCritical Access HospitalHospitals · General Acute Care Hospital
    2278H0200XHome Health Certified Respiratory TherapistHome care fosters individual responsibility for self-management of chronic respiratory conditions. It includes individualized assessment based plans …
    246Z00000XOther Specialist/TechnologistGeneral classification identifying individuals trained on specific equipment and technical procedures in one of a collection of miscellaneous healthca…
    281PC2000XChildren's Chronic Disease HospitalHospitals · Chronic Disease Hospital

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Cardiology1 / 3

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT)/Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA)univerahealthcare2026-10-15
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk AssessmentOscar Health2026-10-01
    Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart FailureOscar Health2026-10-01
    Multiple Procedure Payment Reduction for Diagnostic Cardiovascular ProceduresBlue Cross Blue Shield - Maine2026-10-01
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessmentblue cross blue shield - louisiana2026-09-15
    Cardiovascular Disease Risk AssessmentBlue Cross Blue Shield - New Mexico2026-09-04
    Computed Tomography to Detect Coronary Artery CalcificationBluecross Idaho2026-09-01
    Intracoronary Drug Delivery Balloon ProceduresBlue Cross Blue Shield - Rhode Island2026-09-01
    Cardiac Imaging Guidelinesevicore2026-09-01
    Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Stroke PreventionAmbetter Georgia2026-08-26

    Related Codes

    HCPCS-C1713-IMPLANTABLE-ANCHOR-SCREW-BONE-FIXATION

    HCPCS C1713: Anchor/Screw for Bone or Soft Tissue Fixation (Implantable)

    HCPCS-C1714-TRANSLUMINAL-DIRECTIONAL-ATHERECTOMY-CATHETER

    HCPCS C1714: Catheter, transluminal atherectomy, directional

    HCPCS-C1715-BRACHYTHERAPY-NEEDLE

    HCPCS C1715: Brachytherapy Needle

    HCPCS-C1716-BRACHYTHERAPY-GOLD-198-SOURCE

    HCPCS C1716: Brachytherapy Source, Gold-198, Per Source

    HCPCS-C1717-HDR-BRACHYTHERAPY-IRIDIUM-192-SOURCE

    HCPCS C1717: HDR Iridium-192 Brachytherapy Source, Per Source

    HCPCS-C1719-BRACHYTHERAPY-IRIDIUM-192-SOURCE-NON-STRANDED

    HCPCS C1719: Brachytherapy Source, Iridium-192, Non-Stranded

    HCPCS-C1721-IMPLANTABLE-DUAL-CHAMBER-CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR

    HCPCS C1721: Cardioverter-Defibrillator, Dual Chamber (Implantable)

    HCPCS-C1724-ROTATIONAL-TRANSLUMINAL-ATHERECTOMY-CATHETER

    HCPCS Level II C1724: Rotational Transluminal Atherectomy Catheter

    HCPCS-C1725-TRANSLUMINAL-ANGIOPLASTY-CATHETER-NON-LASER

    HCPCS Level II C1725: Transluminal Angioplasty Catheter, Non-Laser

    HCPCS-C1726-NON-VASCULAR-BALLOON-DILATATION-CATHETER

    HCPCS C1726: Catheter, Balloon Dilatation, Non-Vascular

    Showing 1–10 of 603

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    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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