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    v1.0.30
    OpenPayerBilling CodesEnteral and Parenteral TherapyHCPCS hcpcs-b4178-parenteral-amino-acid-home-infusion
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    HCPCS Level II B4178: Parenteral Nutrition Amino Acid Solution, Home Mix

    HCPCS Level II code B4178 describes a home-mixed parenteral nutrition solution containing amino acids at concentrations greater than 8.5%, billed per 500 mL unit; this code represents a sterile intravenous nutrition product provided for home infusion therapy and is typically furnished as a durable medical supply for patients requiring total or supplemental parenteral nutrition outside the acute care setting.

    For related coverage guidance, see recent payer policy updates: Achalasia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Minimally Invasive Procedures - Medical Policy, Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders, Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction.

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    Clinical & Coding Specifications

    Clinical Context

    A typical patient receiving B4178 is an adult or pediatric patient who requires home parenteral nutrition due to intestinal failure or malabsorption that precludes adequate enteral or oral intake. Common scenarios include short bowel syndrome after extensive bowel resection, severe Crohn disease with multiple resections, high-output enterocutaneous fistula, or chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The patient is discharged from an inpatient stay once medically stable and a safe home infusion plan is established.

    The clinical workflow includes: a nutrition assessment by a registered dietitian and the treating physician; formulation of a customized parenteral nutrition (PN) admixture containing amino acids >8.5% prepared by an accredited home infusion pharmacy; prescription of PN volumes in 500 mL units (each 500 mL = 1 unit of B4178); training of patient or caregiver on sterile catheter care, infusion pump operation, and troubleshooting; arrangement of home nursing support for initial home infusions; regular outpatient follow-up to monitor electrolytes, liver function tests, and weight; and periodic coordination between the home infusion provider, supervising physician, and durable medical equipment supplier for supply delivery and authorization renewals.

    Related CPT Codes

    CPT CodeDescriptionRelationship to This Procedure
    36415Collection of venous blood by venipunctureLabs for electrolyte and metabolic monitoring prior to or during PN therapy.
    36556Insertion of tunneled central venous catheter, without subcutaneous port or pumpPlacement of long-term central venous access commonly required before initiating home PN.
    96372Therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic injection (specify substance or drug); subcutaneous or intramuscularAdministration of supportive medications (e.g., heparin flushes) related to catheter management in clinic or home setting.
    99406Smoking and tobacco-use cessation counseling visit; intermediate, greater than 3 minutes up to 10 minutesExample of ancillary counseling services that may be provided; included as a commonly billed outpatient service during follow-up (use as clinically appropriate).
    G0490Services of clinical staff for care management of beneficiaries requiring complex chronic care management services (per 30 days)Chronic care management codes may be used by practices overseeing complex home PN patients (billing rules apply).

    Related Modifiers

    9 rows

    ModifierDescriptionWhen to Use
    26Modifier 26 (Professional Component) identifies and bills only the professional portion of a split service — the physician’s interpretation, report, and medical judgment — when the technical…- Use CPT Modifier -26 when you are billing only the professional component (PC) of a split‑bill eligible service—i.e., you performed the physician interpretation, medical judgment and prepared a…
    52Modifier ‑52 (Reduced Services) indicates that a service or procedure was partially reduced or omitted at the provider’s discretion, allowing reporting of the basic procedure number with a qualifier…- Use modifier -52 when a physician or qualified health professional electively reduces or omits part of a procedure or service (for example, performing fewer required views or omitting a portion of…
    53Modifier 53 (Discontinued Procedure) signals that a surgical or diagnostic service was begun by the physician but terminated because of extenuating circumstances that threatened the patient’s…- Use modifier -53 when a physician/qualified healthcare professional has started a surgical or diagnostic procedure (e.g., anesthesia administered, incision or scope insertion) and then discontinues…
    54Modifier ‑54 (“Surgical care only”) is appended to a CPT surgical procedure when the reporting surgeon performs the intraoperative (surgical) component but does not furnish the preoperative and/or…- Use modifier -54 when the reporting surgeon provided only the intraoperative (surgical) component of a procedure and preoperative and/or postoperative management has been or will be provided by…
    55Modifier –55 indicates the billing provider furnished only postoperative management for a procedure that has a global surgical period. According to AAPC, this modifier is appended to the same CPT…- Use modifier -55 when billing the same CPT surgical code that has a 10- or 90-day global period and you, as a provider other than the original surgeon, furnished ONLY postoperative management (no…
    56Modifier ‑56 indicates the reporting provider furnished only the preoperative management for a surgical procedure and did not perform the intraoperative or postoperative care. It is used in…- Use Modifier -56 when a provider performs only the preoperative management in a split‑care situation (one physician manages preop care while a different physician performs the intraoperative…
    62Modifier 62 indicates that two surgeons function as co‑surgeons, each performing distinct parts of the same primary surgical procedure. It is appended to the primary procedure code (and any…- Use modifier -62 when two surgeons act as co‑surgeons (both primary surgeons) on a single definitive primary procedure, each performing distinct parts of the same surgical procedure (append -62 to…
    78CPT modifier -78 indicates an unplanned, related return to the operating or procedure room by the same provider during the global postoperative period. It is appended when treatment for a…- Use modifier -78 when an unplanned, related complication during the original procedure’s global postoperative period requires the patient to return to a formal operating or procedure room and the…
    80CPT® Modifier 80 (Assistant Surgeon) is appended to a surgical CPT code when a physician (MD or DO) provides full, continuous assistance throughout the operative procedure. It is intended only for…- Use CPT Modifier -80 when a physician (MD or DO) serves as an assistant surgeon and provides full, continuous assistance throughout the entire operative procedure; append -80 to the surgical CPT…

    Related Provider Taxonomies

    8 rows

    Taxonomy Code
    183500000X
    207Q00000X
    208D00000X
    208000000X
    261QM0855X
    253Z00000X
    111NP0017X
    261QM0801X

    Related Payer Policy Updates

    Specialty: Gastroenterology1 / 2

    10 rows

    PolicyPayerEffective Date
    Achalasia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Minimally Invasive Procedures - Medical PolicyHealth-New-England2027-02-01
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Functional Abdominal Pain Disordersbcbsvermont2026-12-01
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation for disorders of gut-brain interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactionpremerabluecrossofwashington2026-11-06
    Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) Coverage Policyevicore2026-11-05
    Radiofrequency Therapy for Fecal IncontinenceCigna2026-10-15
    Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)univerahealthcare2026-10-15
    High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA)Premera Bluecross2026-10-01
    Gastroesophageal and Gastrointestinal (GI) Services and ProceduresColorado Rocky Mountain Health Plans2026-10-01

    Related Codes

    HCPCS-B4034-ENTERAL-FEEDING-SYRINGE-FED-DAILY-KIT

    HCPCS Level II B4034: Enteral Feeding Supply Kit, Syringe-Fed Per Day

    HCPCS-B4035-ENTERAL-FEEDING-SUPPLY-KIT-PUMP-FED-PER-DAY

    HCPCS Level II B4035: Enteral Feeding Supply Kit, Pump-Fed, Per Day

    HCPCS-B4036-ENTERAL-FEEDING-SUPPLY-KIT-GRAVITY-FED-DAILY

    HCPCS Level II B4036: Enteral Feeding Supply Kit, Gravity-Fed, Per Day

    HCPCS-B4081-NASOGASTRIC-TUBING-WITH-STYLET

    HCPCS Level II B4081: Nasogastric Tubing With Stylet

    HCPCS-B4082-NASOGASTRIC-TUBING-WITHOUT-STYLET

    HCPCS Level II B4082: Nasogastric Tubing Without Stylet

    HCPCS-B4083-LEVINE-STOMACH-TUBE-NASOGASTRIC-SUPPLY

    HCPCS Level II B4083: Levine Stomach Tube

    HCPCS-B4087-GASTROSTOMY-JEJUNOSTOMY-TUBE-STANDARD

    HCPCS Level II B4087: Gastrostomy/Jejunostomy Feeding Tube, Standard

    HCPCS-B4088-LOW-PROFILE-GASTROSTOMY-JEJUNOSTOMY-TUBE

    HCPCS Level II B4088: Low-Profile Gastrostomy/Jejunostomy Tube

    HCPCS-B4100-FOOD-THICKENER-ORAL-PER-OUNCE

    HCPCS Level II B4100: Food Thickener, Oral, Per Ounce

    HCPCS-B4102-ENTERAL-FLUID-ELECTROLYTE-REPLACEMENT-FORMULA-ADULT

    HCPCS Level II B4102: Enteral Formula for Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement

    Showing 1–10 of 50

    Frequently Asked Questions

    References

    1. 1.CPT® Codes and Descriptions. AAPC. Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.Maintains the CPT code set's official descriptions and guidelines, licensed from the American Medical Association, used as the definitional source for CPT codes on this page.
    2. 2.HCPCS Quarterly Update. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's quarterly release of HCPCS Level II codes and short/long descriptors, the source for HCPCS code definitions and update history.
    3. 3.ICD-10-CM Full Code List. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Retrieved Aug 11, 2026.CMS's complete ICD-10-CM diagnosis code list, used to cross-reference diagnosis codes associated with this procedure or service.
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